VOCAB—intermediate 5 Flashcards
mass, clump, lump
塊
[かたまり]
main street
大通り
[おおどおり]
an image (esp. when reflected on a screen), a picture a shot / a mental image
映像
[えいぞう]
wrinkle (in one’s face or skin) / crease (in a shirt, etc.)
皺
> [しわ]
after…. [the subject of the sentence] immediately….
—と …. [すぐに] —た
tight, cramped, rigid / tight-fitting
窮屈
[きゅうくつ]
entry into a country
to gain entry into a country / to immigrate to
immigration office
入国
[にゅうこく]
入国する
入国管理局
[にゅうこくかんりきょく]
frying pan (loan word)
フライパン
one’s purpose in life (Japanese version of raison d’être)
生き甲斐
> [いきがい]
victim / sacrifice, loss, scapegoat
a victim, a casualty
犠牲
[ぎせい]
犠牲者
[ぎせいしゃ]
the morning sun
朝日
[あさひ]
excitedly, cheerfully, lighthearted
to be excited and cheerful
(onomatopoeic)
うきうき
うきうきする
(traditional) inn, lodging
宿
[やど]
having a broken heart
to suffer a broken heart
失恋
[しつれん]
失恋する
unable to…. finding it difficult to…. (verb suffix)
used in writing or formal / business settings, often as a polite refusal
—かねる
an advantage, a gain
to be advantageous / to be profitable
得
[とく]
得する
illumination
to light / to illuminate (a room, etc.)
照明
[しょうめい]
照明する
video taping
to record a video
録画
[ろくが]
録画する
composition
to be comprised of / to consist of / to be configured in a certain way
構成
[こうせい]
構成する
domestically-produced / domestic—
domestic goods
国産
[こくさん]
国産品
[こくさんひん]
after…. something is suddenly noticed (with a slight surprise)
as a result of…. something happened
—と …. —た
—たら …. —た
(directional) arrow
矢印
[やじるし]
extravagant, pomp, luxurious (e.g. a cruise liner, hotel room, etc.)
豪華
[ごうか]
moderate
適度
[てきど]
for the first time in a period of time…. for the first time since……
….振り(に)
> [….ぶり(に)]
shriek, scream (caused by surprise, pain, etc.)
to cry out / to scream (for help)
悲鳴
[ひめい]
悲鳴を上げる
inferior (product, etc.), bad (condition) / delinquent, hoodlum
不良
[ふりょう]
(various) sizes, (both) big and small
大小
[だいしょう]
both parties, both sides
両者
[りょうしゃ]
view, vista, outlook (e.g. from a hotel room)
見晴らし
[みはらし]
precisely
to be precise / to be punctual / to be “on the dot” / to “fit like a glove”
きっちり
きっちりする
a desire, a hope (for the future)
望み
[のぞみ]
faraway, distant, remote
far and away… much more so… / far off… in the distance…
遥か
> [はるか]
遥かに
> [はるかに]
restrictions and limitations
to place a limit on (space, number of tickets, etc.) / to put a restriction on / to limit to (e.g. a limited release)
限定
[げんてい]
限定する
preference, priority
priority seat (on a train, etc.)
preferential
優先
[ゆうせん]
優先席
[ゆうせんせき]
優先的
name, title, reputation (kanji use)
renowned— well-known— reputable— (as a prefix)
名
[な]
名—
[な—]
getting off
to get off (a train, etc.) / to exit a vehicle
下車
[げしゃ]
下車する
applying for (employment)
to apply for a job / to enlist / to answer an ad
an applicant
応募
[おうぼ]
応募する
応募者
monotonous, monotone
単調
[たんちょう]
in that case… that being the case… (conjunction)
それなら
(human) ribs
肋骨
[あばらぼね]
without a doubt…. for sure…. (plain use)
….に違いない
[….にちがいない]
or possibly…. or otherwise….
あるいは
extremely difficult to….
—難い
> [—がたい]
dryer
乾燥機
[かんそうき]
broom
箒
> [ほうき]
affluence
裕福
[ゆうふく]
the primary factor, the main cause
要因
[よういん]
the king (of a specific country, etc.)
国王
[こくおう]
seniority
年長
[ねんちょう]
liberal arts, the humanities
文系
[ぶんけい]
strenuous (and painful) activity
to be at pains to / to make a strenuous effort to / to work hard
苦心
[くしん]
苦心する
all you can— as much as one can—
all you can eat
all you can drink
—放題
[—ほうだい]
食べ放題
飲み放題
(from the) side / — side (e.g. another side of the story)
側面
[そくめん]
It can’t be helped…. nothing can be done about it…. it’s inevitable….
仕方ない
[しかたない]
仕方がない
one’s character, one’s human qualities
人格
[じんかく]
tons of…. full of…. covered in…. (usu. with negative things)
….だらけだ
….だらけの….
….だらけになる
essential, crucial
肝心
[かんじん]
the tropics
tropical fish
tropical plant
熱帯
[ねったい]
熱帯魚
熱帯植物
monthly salary
月給
[げっきゅう]
retirement
to retire (from a company)
退職
[たいしょく]
退職する
amateur, novice
素人
[しろうと]
first shrine visit of the new year
to make the first shrine visit of the new year (often on Jan. 1st)
初詣
[はつもうで]
初詣する
sophisticated, stylish / slender (loan word)
スマート
gloomy, dim (lighting, etc.)
薄暗い
[うすぐらい]
public performance
to put on (give a public performance of a play, concert, etc.)
公演
[こうえん]
公演する
comb
櫛
> [くし]
chain
鎖
[くさり]
one thing changes in accordance or in consequence of something else
….に従って
> [….にしたがって]
….に従い
> [….にしたがい]
necessities of life (clothing, food and shelter)
衣食住
[いしょくじゅう]
shortcut
to take a shortcut
近道
[ちかみち]
近道する
disappointment, loss of hope
to be disappointed with / to lose hope / to despair
失望
[しつぼう]
失望する
assembly, (large) meeting
to assemble / to meet / to gather together
会合
[かいごう]
会合する
pot, thermos (loan word)
ポット
fare, fee (for a train, etc.)
—賃
[—ちん]
grunt, grumble, muttering, complaining (onomatopoeic)
ぶつぶつ
crack, fissure (in a window, etc.)
ひび
origin (e.g. the origin of species)
起源
[きげん]
overcoming
to overcome (a problem, a disease, etc.) / to conquest / to conquer
克服
[こくふく]
克服する
on the inside, inner thoughts, one’s real intention(s)
内心
[ないしん]
graduate school
大学院
[だいがくいん]
nothing more than a…. only…. and nothing above or beyond it
….に過ぎない
> [….にすぎない]
considering (the facts / specific examples)…. there is an exception (to the norm)
….にしては
gentle, mild / lenient, loose, lax
緩やか
[ゆるやか]
a sellout, sold-out
out of stock
売り切れ
[うりきれ]
品切れ
[しなぎれ]
uncomfortable to— difficult to— awkward to—
—づらい
pear
梨
[なし]
a grudge, resentment
恨み
[うらみ]
怨み
landmark, sign, marking (for finding one’s way, etc.)
目印
[めじるし]
worsening / aggravation
to worsen / to deteriorate / to become aggravated
悪化
[あっか]
悪化する
subtraction
to subtract (in mathematics)
引き算
[ひきざん]
引き算する
route (order), itinerary, directions
道順
[みちじゅん]
it has been said…. it appears that…. (info heard from other sources, usu. in written language)
….という
one after another, in succession
次々に
[つぎつぎに]
versus (vs.) / — to — (in sports scores, etc.)
対
> [たい]
with all one’s strength…. with all one’s heart….
思い切り
[おもいきり]
based on….
….に基づいて
[….にもとづいて]
….に基づき
….に基づく….
….に基づいた….
handsome (loan word)
ハンサム
publicity
to publicize, to promote (on tv, etc.)
宣伝
[せんでん]
宣伝する
numerical value
値
[あたい]
day after day, successive days
連日
[れんじつ]
Australia (loan word)
オーストラリア
knock, knocking
to knock (on a door, etc.)
(loan word)
ノック
ノックする
made of wood, wooden—
木造
[もくぞう]
木製
[もくせい]
whale
鯨
> [くじら]
the subject is asked not to do something
—(ないで)くれと言われる
—(ないで)くれと頼まれる
stain, spot, smudge, blot, smear
染み
> [しみ]
a formation
to organize / to form (a new team, club, etc.)
結成
[けっせい]
結成する
why don’t we…. let us….
adding stronger emphasis to a suggestion
—(う) ではないか
—(う) じゃないか
—(う) ではありませんか
….is a trigger for a subsequent action ….provides an opportunity, advantage, or the right time to do something
….をきっかけに
Kyushu (southernmost, third largest island in Japan, home to Nagasaki)
九州
[きゅうしゅう]
territory, domain (e.g. of a country) / realm, field (of expertise)
領域
[りょういき]
Christ
Christianity
(loan word)
キリスト
キリスト教
[キリストきょう]
exhibition (to show art, etc.)
展覧会
[てんらんかい]
razor
かみそり
(thick) rope
綱
[つな]
in front of people, in public
doing in front of other people (e.g. giving a speech)
人前
[ひとまえ]
人前で
public duty, official (government) business
public officer, civil servant
公務
[こうむ]
公務員
[こうむいん]
humanity, compassion (for others)
人情
[にんじょう]
speaking of…. these are my thoughts….
when…. is thought or talked about, something else soon comes to mind
….といえば
….といったら
….というと
mask, protective mask (loan word)
マスク
coming very suddenly…. bursting out…. (laughing, etc.)
どっと
koto (13-stringed Japanese zither)
琴
[こと]
row of trees, line of trees by the roadside
並木
[なみき]
of course….is true / of course….isn’t true
showing common / generally accepted knowledge
….ものだ
estimate, (rough) guess, approximation
to have an idea of what the situation is
having not the slightest idea, having no clue
見当
[けんとう]
見当がつく
見当がつかない
dust
dusty
to dust (with a broom, etc.)
埃
> [ほこり]
ほこりっぽい
ほこりを取る
ethics
ethical
倫理
[りんり]
倫理的
mystery
mysterious, mystical
神秘
[しんぴ]
神秘的
large size, large scale
small size, small scale, compact size
大型
[おおがた]
小型
[こがた]
a body of land
land, (rising) ground
(kanji use)
陸
[りく]
陸
[おか]
boyfriend
girlfriend
(loan words)
ボーイフレンド
ガールフレンド
ninja
忍者
[にんじゃ]
bucket (loan word)
バケツ
daily routine, daily work
日課
[にっか]
Spain (loan word)
スペイン
(verbal) message
to relay a (verbal) message / to send word
message board
伝言
[でんごん]
伝言する
伝言板
[でんごんばん]
hunting
to hunt (for animals)
狩猟
[しゅりょう]
狩猟する
making improvements
to make advancements or improvements (in technology, industry, etc.)
向上
[こうじょう]
向上する
mountain range
a line of mountains, a belt of mountains
山脈
[さんみゃく]
山並み
[やまなみ]
a large number of…. a countless number of….
多数
[たすう]
parentheses, brackets
to put in parentheses / to bracket
括弧
> [かっこ]
括弧する
memory, (ability for) learning
memory (the ability to retain information)
覚え
[おぼえ]
物覚え
[ものおぼえ]
even in the case of…. (a given situation is still true)
….としても
….にしても
….にしろ
….にせよ
text (of a document), body (of a letter)
本文
[ほんぶん]
boisterous, noisy / turbulent (area, etc.)
騒がしい
[さわがしい]
countermeasure
to take measures (against something or in response) / to make a counter move
対策
[たいさく]
対策する
consent
to consent to / to acknowledge
承知
[しょうち]
承知する
aesthetics
aesthetic
美学
[びがく]
美学的
chimney / smokestack
煙突
[えんとつ]
moving forward
to advance / to make progress (e.g. moving forward with a project, meeting, etc.)
進行
[しんこう]
進行する
sales (amount sold), proceeds
売り上げ
[うりあげ]
売上
[うりあげ]
to get —er and —er / to continue…. more and more
often for negative situations
—(る) 一方だ
[—(る) いっぽうだ]
—(る) ばかりだ
fence
柵
[さく]
Italy (loan word)
イタリア
somewhat on the…. side / a little less than normal (suffix for adj. of degree, amount, etc.)
….め
rational, logical
合理的
[ごうりてき]
crops, (agricultural) produce
作物
[さくもつ]
twine, cord, rope (for bundling, etc.)
縄
[なわ]
insufficient
不十分
[ふじゅうぶん]
tends to be…. (when something tends towards a state or situation that is often negative)
….がち[だ]
famous place
名所
[めいしょ]
waterfall
rapids
滝
[たき]
滝川
[たきがわ]
age of maturity, adulthood
成年
[せいねん]
conflict, dispute, (ongoing) fight
争い
[あらそい]
manners, etiquette (when doing things)
作法
[さほう]
how. … however much…. in what way…. (for emphasis)
indeed. … really likely…. (conversational response indicating agreement)
いかに
いかにも
professional baseball
プロ野球
[プロやきゅう]
committee member
委員
[いいん]
interruption of (regular) service, stoppage, suspension
不通
[ふつう]
silk
絹
[きぬ]
fantasy (e.g. fantasy world)
to fantasize about / to daydream
空想
[くうそう]
空想する
pilot (loan word)
パイロット
influence, power (esp. over other people)
勢力
[せいりょく]
kitchen knife, butcher knife
a carving knife (esp. for cutting fish)
包丁
[ほうちょう]
出刃包丁
[でばぼうちょう]
miserable, wretched, pitiable
惨め
[みじめ]
stationery (writing materials)
文房具
[ぶんぼうぐ]
each individual…. one by one….
個々
> [ここ]
箇々
> [ここ]
washing (one’s) hands / washing by hand
手洗い
[てあらい]
marathon (loan word)
マラソン
(informal) rule, regulation, or custom (e.g. a dress code) / settlement, determination
決まり
[きまり]
regardless of whether it’s this…. or that…. (a given situation is still true)
….にしても ….にしても
….にしろ ….にしろ
….にせよ ….にせよ
addition
to add (in mathematics)
足し算
[たしざん]
足し算する
….is not possible by (this) method
(although it is desired), there is no way in which to do….
—ようがない
—ようもない
wandering around…. roaming…. / swaying…. dangling….
to wander around (downtown, etc.) / to dangle (heavily) or sway (to and fro)
(onomatopoeic)
ぶらぶら
ぶらぶらする
crotch, groin
thigh
股
> [また]
股
[もも]
controversy, dispute
to engage in controversy / to dispute (an issue, etc.)
論争
[ろんそう]
論争する
a punishment, a penalty (kanji use)
罰
[ばつ]
shorthanded (lack of help) / uninhabited (island, etc.)
無人
[むじん]
sensitive (to the cold, etc.) / well attuned to (new trends, etc.)
敏感
[びんかん]
pedestrian
歩行者
[ほこうしゃ]
pride
very proud (e.g. a person with a lot of pride)
(loan word)
プライド
プライドが高い
[プライドがたかい]
art, literature, and culture (letters)
文芸
[ぶんげい]
upper case letter
lower case letter
大文字
[おおもじ]
小文字
[こもじ]
super— ultra— hyper— extremely— (prefix)
super busy
extremely delicious
超—
[ちょう—]
超忙しい
超おいしい
exceedingly…. decisively (so)….
極めて
[きわめて]
corn (loan word)
コーン
nightmare, bad dream
悪夢
[あくむ]
large amounts, large quantities / mass— (e.g. mass production)
大量
[たいりょう]
but on the other hand….
一方
[いっぽう]
the general public, the masses
大衆
[たいしゅう]
not crowded, a (completely) empty place
gargle, rattling, raspy voice
(onomatopoeic)
がらがら
destination
目的地
[もくてきち]
sinking
to sink (e.g. a ship)
沈没
[ちんぼつ]
沈没する
pathetic, pitiful, shameful
情けない
[なさけない]
female (animal)
雌
[めす]
accent (loan word)
アクセント
supposing…. if this the case…. (when actively making a strong assumption about something)
….としたら
….とすれば
….とすると
cheerful, bright, good-natured (disposition)
朗らか
[ほがらか]
negligence
to be inattentive / to be careless / to be negligent
油断
[ゆだん]
油断する
(holding in) high regard
to hold in high regard (human rights, etc.) / to revere and respect (local customs, etc.)
尊重
[そんちょう]
尊重する
blood vessel, vein
血管
[けっかん]
(political) power, authority, influence
権力
[けんりょく]
humor (loan word)
ユーモア
appearance
to make (one’s) appearance / to arrive for (the first time)
出現
[しゅつげん]
出現する
romantic (loan word)
ロマンチック
conclusive decision
to come to a decisive conclusion / to make a determination
断定
[だんてい]
断定する
apathetic, indifferent
無関心
[むかんしん]
there is a risk of…. there is a danger….will happen
….恐れがある
> [….おそれがある]
(chemical) medicine, pharmaceuticals
pharmaceutical company
薬品
[やくひん]
薬品会社
via
to go via… / to go by way of… (another place)
経由
[けいゆ]
経由する
failure (in school)
to fail an (important) exam / to fail to advance to the next grade
落第
[らくだい]
落第する
looks…. looks as if…. seems….(adj. suffix, expressing an emotion or feeling)
….げ
nursing
to look after a sick person / to nurse (a patient)
看病
[かんびょう]
看病する
judging from…. considering (the following)…. viewed in terms of….
….からすると
….からいうと
….すれば
former— ex— (e.g. ex-girlfriend)
past— one-time— old— (e.g. old regulations)
元—
[もと—]
旧—
[きゅう—]
connection of thoughts
to associate ideas / to connect thoughts / to be reminded of something else
連想
[れんそう]
連想する
discontent, (informal) complaint
不平
[ふへい]
the subject is asked to do something
—(て)くれと言われる
—(て)くれと頼まれる
lecture hall, auditorium
講堂
[こうどう]
vinegar
酢
[す]
now, after such a long time… now, it is too late for…
a feeling that something has come too late
今更
[いまさら]
今更感
[いまさらかん]
calorie (loan word)
カロリー
training, drill
to train / to participate in a drill
訓練
[くんれん]
訓練する
lighter / writer (loan word)
ライター
careless, thoughtless, inattentive
不注意
[ふちゅうい]
print / printout, handout
to print
(loan word)
プリント
プリントする
name (of an organization, thing, etc.), title
名称
[めいしょう]
unique to, separate from others, original (e.g. an original method)
独自
[どくじ]
the family name
姓
[せい]
knot (on a rope) / end, close, conclusion (alt. use)
結び
[むすび]
while doing…. something else happened by chance (and is somewhat surprising)
—ていると …. —た
—ていたら …. —た
influential, prominent
an influential person, someone of importance
有力
[ゆうりょく]
有力者
[ゆうりょくしゃ]
superstition
to be superstitious
迷信
[めいしん]
迷信する
seasoning, flavoring
調味料
[ちょうみりょう]
the main point, the gist
要点
[ようてん]
no need for, no use for
不要
[ふよう]
trend (e.g. an economic trend)
動向
[どうこう]
public entertainment, performance art
a performer, a public entertainer (e.g. magician)
芸能
[げいのう]
芸能人
[げいのうじん]
tell someone to do….
ask someone to do….
(in the context of indirect speech)
—(る) ように言う
—(る) ように頼む
multiplication
to multiply (in mathematics)
掛け算
[かけざん]
掛け算する
rise, increase, ascent / proceeds / end result (usu. as suffix)
上がり
[あがり]
sincerity, sincere
誠実
[せいじつ]
large tree
大木
[たいぼく]
train conductor
車掌
[しゃしょう]
studio (loan word)
スタジオ
the strongest
最強
[さいきょう]
precision, accuracy / exactly the right—
的確
[てきかく]
early rising
to get up early (in the morning)
早起き
[はやおき]
早起きする
disposal / (extreme) punishment
to dispose of something (garbage, etc.) / to give a punishment / to put down (e.g. a sick animal)
処分
[しょぶん]
処分する
male (animal)
雄
[おす]
departing from—
—発
[—はつ]
careless, thoughtless, scatter-brained
そそっかしい
school field, schoolyard
校庭
[こうてい]
becoming wide-spread
to spread / to propagate / to become widely— (used, spoken, etc.)
普及
[ふきゅう]
普及する
suitable for…. well suited for…. fits well or works well with….
….向き
[….むき]
feels as if…. it’s just as if…. (when the likeness is strong)
[まるで] ….かのようだ
considering a certain standard…. the reality is different, unexpected, or unsuitable
….わりに
….わりには
Shikoku (the smallest of the four islands of Japan)
四国
[しこく]
theft
盗難
[とうなん]
rays of the sun, sunlight
日差し
[ひざし]
electric wire, electric cable (e.g. telephone line)
電線
[でんせん]
duties and responsibilities / service, Buddhist religious service
務め
[つとめ]
勤め
burden, bother, nuisance
厄介
[やっかい]
nodding off (esp. when sitting)
to nod off / to doze off
居眠り
[いねむり]
居眠りする
near oneself, close to one / (a feeling of) familiarity
身近
[みぢか]
身近い
characteristic of— peculiar to— (e.g. an accent peculiar to kansai)
特有
[とくゆう]
as much as….is possible….
as long as….is the case…. / unless….is the case…. (with neg. verbs)
(the full extent or the full amount being done)
….限り
[….かぎり]
bookcase
本箱
[ほんばこ]
the evening sun
夕日
[ゆうひ]
pair, a set of
対
> [つい]
there’s no need to…. it’s alright if…. is not done (an action is not necessary)
—(る) ことはない
ever since…., there has been a continuous action
….以来
[….いらい]
—(て) 以来
peculiar
peculiarly…. oddly….
妙
[みょう]
妙に
above ground (e.g. above ground train)
地上
[ちじょう]
Tōhoku (the northernmost 6 prefectures of Honshu)
Tōhoku Region
東北
[とうほく]
東北地方
[とうほくちほう]
a shame, a disgrace, a humiliation
恥
[はじ]
辱
羞
pediatrics
pediatrician
小児科
[しょうにか]
小児科医
no longer…. not any more…. (w neg. verb)
already…. now…. (w pos. verb)
最早
> [もはや]
zoning out
to zone out
ぼうっと
ぼうっとする
Honshu (the main island of Japan, home to Tokyo and 4/5 of the population)
本州
[ほんしゅう]
the night sky
夜空
[よぞら]
intellectual
知的
[ちてき]
wireless—
無線
[むせん]
desire, craving, greed
欲
> [よく]
campus / academy
学園
[がくえん]
body temperature
体温
[たいおん]
under foot, where one is walking (e.g. “watch your step”)
at one’s feet
足下
[あしもと]
足元
index (at the end of a book)
索引
[さくいん]
truth (in an existential sense)
真理
[しんり]
tends to become…. (when something tends towards a state or situation that is often negative)
….がちになる
the casual contractions for:
something that can be done right away / to do in advance, in preparation
V (て) + おく»_space; V (とく)
V (で) + おく»_space; V (どく)
foundation, fundamental (thing)
fundamentally….
基
[もと]
基に
[もとに]
talks, face-to-face conversation
to have talks (e.g. peace talks) / to have a face-to-face conversation (usu. important people)
会談
[かいだん]
会談する
but in opposition of this….
それに対して
[それにたいして]
extreme enthusiasm
to go nuts over / to be really into (something)
熱中
[ねっちゅう]
熱中する
division
to divide (in mathematics)
割り算
[わりざん]
割り算する
conviction, firm belief
to have a firm belief in / to be convinced of (something)
確信
[かくしん]
確信する
as one thing changes, another thing changes along with it
change occurs in same direction, and cannot express intent
….に連れて
> [….につれて]
crow / raven
鴉
> [からす]
カラス
nipples
乳首
[ちくび]
a defect (in a product, in the human body, etc.), a deformity
欠陥
[けっかん]
bold, fearless, audacious
大胆
[だいたん]
better than…. preferable…. less objectionable….
増し
> [まし]
Japanese (seat) cushion
座布団
[ざぶとん]
diligent, industrious, hard-working
勤勉
[きんべん]
(one’s) parent’s home, hometown (where one’s family lives)
実家
[じっか]
secondhand book, used book
古本
[ふるほん]
settlement, summary, conclusion
まとめ
Hokkaido (the northernmost of the four islands of Japan)
北海道
[ほっかいどう]
conviction, faith in, belief in (religion, etc.)
信念
[しんねん]
secret, private (matter)
密か
[ひそか]
inheritance
to inherit (money, etc.)
inheritor, successor
相続
[そうぞく]
相続する
相続人
[そうぞくにん]
pachinko (Japanese pinball)
パチンコ
inevitability, inevitable
a necessity
必然
[ひつぜん]
必然性
[ひつぜんせい]
physique, build
体格
[たいかく]
if we are to assume that…. (when passively considering the possibility of something)
….となったら
….となれば
…となると
wildness / wild— (e.g. wild animals)
to be wild / to grow in the wild
野生
[やせい]
野生する
it doesn’t matter if…. regardless of weather or not….
….にかかわらず
….にかかわりなく
territory (of a country, etc.)
領土
[りょうど]
back door, rear entrance
裏口
[うらぐち]
referee, umpire
to referee (in sports) / to judge (a contest, etc.)
審判
[しんぱん]
審判する
fate, destiny
運命
[うんめい]
in a bad mood, grumpy
不機嫌
[ふきげん]
articles, goods, supplies, things for use
unneeded items, disused things
daily necessities (things for every day use)
用品
[ようひん]
不用品
[ふようひん]
日用品
[にちようひん]
snoring
to snore
いびき
いびきをかく
fluctuation
to increase and decrease / to rise and fall / to fluctuate
増減
[ぞうげん]
増減する
native (Japanese) kanji reading
to use the native (Japanese) pronunciation of a word
訓読み
[くんよみ]
訓読みする
(business) funds, capital
資本
[しほん]
prince
princess
王子
[おうじ]
王女
[おうじょ]
fisherman
漁師
[りょうし]
weather phenomenon / (a person’s) disposition
meteorology
Japanese Meteorological Agency
気象
[きしょう]
気象学
気象庁
harmony
to be in harmony
調和
[ちょうわ]
調和する
personal visit to a sick person, calling one someone who is ill
to go to visit a sick person (in the hospital, etc.)
見舞い
[みまい]
お見舞い
お見舞いに行く
taking command
to take command / to show
initiative
指揮
[しき]
指揮する
script (for a movie, tv show, etc.)
script (actual text of the dialogue, action, etc.)
台本
[だいほん]
脚本
[きゃくほん]
to do…. well / to do…. completely
—こなす
carefree, easy-going, happy-go-lucky
to do something in a carefree manner
のんき
のんきにする
steam, vapor
湯気
[ゆげ]
our— our own— one’s own—
one’s own house / our family
one’s own country / our country
one’s own company / our company
我が—
[わが—]
我が家
[わがや]
我が国
[わがくに]
我が社
[わがしゃ]
unnecessary
不必要
[ふひつよう]
promotion
to be promoted (to a higher position in a company, etc.)
昇進
[しょうしん]
昇進する
prefectural office
県庁
[けんちょう]
made (specifically) for…. something intended for…. (when there is a particular target in mind)
….向け
[….むけ]
the smallest, the minimum, the least
最小
[さいしょう]
a certain— some— one— (e.g. one day, one time)
或
> [ある]
very urgent, requiring prompt action (esp. in business)
至急
[しきゅう]
motor, engine (loan word)
モーター
light rain / drizzle
小雨
[こさめ]
application, signing up, subscription
申し込み
[もうしこみ]
busy (esp. when pressured by work)
多忙
[たぼう]
limits, bounds, end, deadline / —cutter —clipper —opener
切り
[きり]
underline, underscore (in type)
the underlined part
to underline (something)
下線
[かせん]
下線部
[かせんぶ]
下線をつける
the subject (of a sentence)
主語
[しゅご]
pine tree
highest rank of a three-tiered system / common surname
松
[まつ]
yearning, longing, romantic admiration (for)
憧れ
[あこがれ]
manly, masculine
womanly, feminine
男らしい
[おとこらしい]
女らしい
[おんならしい]
inside-out (e.g. a shirt) / flip-side, reverse
裏返し
[うらがえし]
unlimited, unrestricted
無制限
[むせいげん]
gorgeous, showy, flowery
華やか
[はなやか]
pipe, tube
管
[かん] or [くだ]
materials and resources, supplies (e.g. relief supplies)
物資
[ぶっし]
manuscript
manuscript paper, Japanese writing paper (one square per character)
原稿
[げんこう]
原稿用紙
[げんこうようし]
Germany (loan word)
ドイツ
a printing stamp used as a form of signature or personal seal in Japan (hanko)
判子
[はんこ]
going to Tokyo
to go to Tokyo / to proceed to the capital
上京
[じょうきょう]
上京する
(Chinese-derived) kanji reading
to use the borrowed (Chinese) pronunciation of a word
音読み
[おんよみ]
音読みする
being dizzy, unsteady, lightheaded / wandering with no purpose (onomatopoeic)
ふらふら
separation
to separate / to split up / to segregate
分離
[ぶんり]
分離する
waiting room
待合室
[まちあいしつ]
disgusting / lewd, obscene
いやらしい
France (loan word)
フランス
mistake / Miss / myth
to make a mistake
(loan word)
ミス
ミスする
no (loan word)
ノー
teachings to be followed
教え
[おしえ]
recognition and awareness
to recognize / to acknowledge / to be aware of (e.g. an important matter)
認識
[にんしき]
認識する
success in life
to have success in life / to get ahead (in a career, etc.)
出世
[しゅっせ]
出世する
insanity
狂気
[きょうき]
accommodations
to accommodate / to provide lodging
宿泊
[しゅくはく]
宿泊する
for the time being….
当分
[とうぶん]
between-meal snack, refreshment
おやつ
salty (taste)
塩辛い
[しおからい]
noisy, loudmouthed / critical, faultfinding, fussy
やかましい
lawn
芝生
[しばふ]
Western style
洋風
[ようふう]
tell someone not to do….
ask someone not to do….
(in the context of indirect speech)
—(ない) ように言う
—(ない) ように頼む
excess (amount), beyond (what was expected) / over— (e.g. overactivity, overdose, etc.)
過剰
[かじょう]
bra (loan word)
ブラ
already…. a long time ago…. (e.g. the deadline has already passed)
long ago….
とっくに….
とっくの….
