VERBS—upper intermediate Flashcards
to abbreviate (a name, etc.)
略す
[りゃくす]
tr.
to hook something on / to catch something on / to get something stuck on
引っ掛ける
[ひっかける] **
tr.
to finish something up / to finish off / to polish up
仕上げる
[しあげる] **
tr.
to put out / to put up (posters, etc.) / to hoist (a flag) / to fly (a kite)
to roll up / to tuck up (sleeves)
to carry an article / to publish
掲げる
[かかげる] **
tr.
to starve / to thirst
飢える
[かつえる] **
intr.
餓える
to depend on someone’s kindness / to demand attention / to behave like a spoiled child
甘える
[あまえる] **
intr.
to be scattered about
散らばる
[ちらばる]
intr.
to be unable to / to find it difficult to do (formal use)
aux. verb
かねる **
intr.
to become opened up / to develop / to progress / to become civilized
開ける
[ひらける] **
intr.
to become aware (of) / to perceive / to realize
to recover consciousness / to come to oneself
気がつく
[きがつく]
intr.
to swell / to cause to expand / to make rise (e.g. yeast makes dough rise)
膨らます
[ふくらます]
tr.
to force into / to drive (into the wall, etc.) / to push into (a corner, etc.) / to herd
追い込む
[おいこむ]
tr.
to send (someone) home
帰す
[かえす]
tr.
to knit / to braid / to weave
編む
[あむ]
tr.
to become stiff (e.g. stiff shoulders)
to be absorbed in / to be devoted to / to be elaborate (e.g. an elaborate design)
*** alt: reading = to congeal / to freeze
凝る
> [こる]
intr.
凝る
[こごる]
intr.
to suck (on)
しゃぶる
tr.
to lie down / to throw oneself down
寝転ぶ
[ねころぶ]
intr.
to hit (a person) / to strike
to hit one’s head on something
打つ
> [ぶつ]
tr.
頭をぶつ
to make do with / to manage with (what’s available)
間に合わせる
[まにあわせる] **
tr.
to grieve / to mourn / to lament
嘆く
[なげく]
intr.
to dissuade someone from leaving / to hold (someone) back / to restrain (someone)
引き止める
[ひきとめる] **
tr.
to be finished up / to be finish off / to be polished up
仕上がる
[しあがる]
intr.
to dilute / to make (a liquid) weaker
薄める
[うすめる] **
tr.
to leave a message / to send word
言付ける
[ことづける] **
tr.
to spring back / to bounce (e.g. a ball)
弾む
[はずむ]
intr.
to dye (something) / to stain
染める
[そめる] **
tr.
to be worth / to be worthy of / to deserve / to merit
値する
[あたいする]
intr.
to bow in veneration / to bring one’s hands together to pray (esp. in buddhist practice)
拝む
[おがむ]
tr.
to take back / to regain / to recover / to restore to a previous state / to make up for something done
取り戻す
[とりもどす]
tr.
to rip / to tear apart / to split open
裂ける
[さける] **
intr.
to sit down (literary)
腰掛ける
[こしかける] **
intr.
to lend out (from a library, etc.)
貸し出す
[かしだす]
tr.
to paraphrase / to express in different words
言い換える
[いいかえる] **
tr.
to inform someone of / to tell (the truth, etc.) / to announce (important news, etc.)
告げる
[つげる] **
tr.
to groan / to moan / to growl / to howl
to hum (e.g. an engine) / to emit a dull sound
うなる
intr.
to build up / to establish / to form
to achieve / to succeed in
to do / to preform / to carry out
成す
> [なす]
tr.
為す
> [なす]
tr.
to handle / to operate (a machine, etc.)
to deal with (an issue, a person) / to manage (a situation)
取り扱う
[とりあつかう]
tr.
to divide (a room, an area, etc.) / to partition / to mark-off
to enter a pause or a break (between words or when reading) / to punctate or end a sentence
区切る
[くぎる]
tr.
句切る
[くぎる]
tr.
to cut (hair) / to mow (grass) / to clip / to trim
刈る
> [かる]
tr.
to tell something on one’s mind / to be frank / to confess
打ち明ける
[うちあける] **
tr.
to fire somebody (from a job)
to be fired
辞めさせる
[やめさせる] **
tr. (causative)
辞めさせられる
[やめさせられる] **
intr. (causative-passive)
to become loose / to slacken
to become less tense / to let down one’s guard
緩む
[ゆるむ]
intr.
to drive in / to hammer in (a nail, etc.)
to devote oneself to / to be passionate about (an activity)
打ち込む
[うちこむ]
tr.
to rust / to become rusty
錆びる
[さびる] **
intr.
to inflict pain / to hurt
to cause damage / to harm / to spoil
痛める
[いためる] **
tr.
傷める
[いためる] **
tr.
to honor / to revere / to show respect to (a group of people, etc.)
敬う
[うやまう]
tr.
to loosen (something)
緩める
[ゆるめる] **
tr.
to write (a book) / to publish
著す
[あらわす]
tr.
to tell of / to indicate / to say a lot about / to narrate (a story, etc.)
物語る
[ものがたる]
tr.
to grasp / to seize / to capture (alt. use)
to grasp a notion / to perceive as / to treat as
捕らえる
[とらえる] **
tr.
捉える
[とらえる] **
tr.
to get between / to be caught in (e.g. something stuck in your teeth)
挟まる
[はさまる]
intr.
to be caught / to be trapped / to be stuck in something (e.g. a fish in a net)
to fall for (a trick, a con, a scam, etc.) / to be deceived / to be cheated
引っ掛かる
[ひっかかる]
intr.
to become boiled (in a pot, etc.) / to become simmered
煮える
[にえる] **
intr.
to tower (over) / to rise high (above) / to soar
to tower over the surrounding area
聳える
> [そびえる] **
intr.
聳え立つ
[そびえたつ]
intr.
to stir up (food in a pot, etc.)
かき回す
[かきまわす]
tr.
to give something a rest (e.g. your body) / to give relief to
休める
[やすめる] **
tr.
to make wet / to get (something) wet
濡らす
[ぬらす]
tr.
to become turbid / to get muddled or dirty (a river, etc.)
to become dull (sound, color) / to become hoarse (voice)
濁る
[にごる]
intr.
to split something open / to tear apart / to forcibly separate / to cleave / to cut open (in surgery, etc.)
to spare time / to spare money / to use (only) a part of something
裂く
[さく]
tr.
割く
[さく]
tr.
to swallow (deeply) / to gulp down
to catch on to / to understand / to take in
飲み込む
[のみこむ]
tr.
呑み込む
