VOCAB—intermediate 3 Flashcards by Nina Wieczorek

toxic, toxicity

毒性

[どくせい]

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reluctantly… unwillingly… / no no! not at all!

いやいや

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(measuring) ruler

定規

[じょうぎ]

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roughly… approximately… (estimating) / briefly… (done) quickly…

ざっと

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rather than…., you could say….

used to restate something in a better, more accurate, or more appropriate way

….というより….

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the forefront, the leadoff, the head

先頭

[せんとう]

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(domestic) chicken, rooster, hen

鶏

[にわとり]

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plus, advantage (loan word)

プラス

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skirt (loan word)

スカート

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real name, birth name

本名

[ほんみょう]

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proverb, (common) saying

諺

> [ことわざ]

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only a…. (small number of something)

….きり

….っきり

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crowd of people

人混み

[ひとごみ]

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Happy New Year!

明けましておめでとうございます！
[あけましておめでとうございます！]

新年おめでとうございます！
[しんねんおめでとうございます！]

あけおめことよろ！

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laughter

笑い声

[わらいごえ]

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zone, district, sector (e.g. residential zone, poor district, etc.)

地区

[ちく]

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lamp (loan word)

ランプ

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pickled plum

梅干し

[うめぼし]

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guessing, speculating

to speculate / to make conjecture / to guess (e.g. someone’s age)

推測
[すいそく]

推測する

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flood

洪水

[こうずい]

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the end of— the last part of—

—末

[—まつ]

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laid-back

気楽

[きらく]

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department of a university

faculty of— department of—

学部
[がくぶ]

—学部

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a principle, a fundamental truth

原理

[げんり]

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wouldn’t it be better to…. (giving mild advice, recommendations, or criticisms)

—たらどう[か]

—たらどう[ですか]

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storyline, summary, synopsis (a novel, film, etc.)

粗筋

> [あらすじ]

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modern times

近代

[きんだい]

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tiger

虎

[とら]

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sure enough…. as thought or expected….

really? ever? (when in questions)

果たして
[はたして]

果たして〜だろうか？

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freezing, frozen—

to freeze (food, etc.) / to put in cold storage

freezer

冷凍
[れいとう]

冷凍する

冷凍庫
[れいとうこ]

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both sides

両側
[りょうがわ]

両脇
[りょうわき]

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candidate

候補

[こうほ]

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underwater

水中

[すいちゅう]

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criticism

to be critical of / to make a judgment on

critical, judgmental

批判
[ひはん]

批判する

批判的

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academic ability

学力

[がくりょく]

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newly…. freshly…. just did…. just made….

—たて

—たての….

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please wait

please wait for just a moment

(polite)

お待ちください
[おまちください]

少々お待ちください
[しょうしょうおまちください]

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queen

女王

[じょおう]

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department head

部長

[ぶちょう]

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reform

to reform (tax policy, etc.)

改革
[かいかく]

改革する

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event, function

行事

[ぎょうじ]

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awkward, clumsy

不器用

[ぶきよう]

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proof

to give proof / to provide ID, a certification, etc.

証明
[しょうめい]

証明する

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motivation, willingness to do something

やる気

[やるき]

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being proportionate
/ considerable, substantial

to be appropriate for / to be proportionate to / to be worthy of

rather…. considerably….

相当
[そうとう]

相当する

相当….

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scarf, muffler (loan word)

マフラー

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the body, flesh and blood

physical— / of the body, of the flesh

sexual (physical) relations

肉体
[にくたい]

肉体的

肉体関係
[にくたいかんけい]

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stereo (loan word)

ステレオ

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just as expected…. just like one said…. in accordance with….

—street, —ave.

(as a suffix)

—通り
[—とおり]

—通り
[—どおり]
*** this reading used with nouns / streets

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seeming a certain way…. feeling kind of…. (as a noun suffix)

….気味

[….ぎみ]

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rejection, refusal

to reject (a proposal, etc.) / to refuse (an offer, request, etc.)

拒否
[きょひ]

拒否する

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(personal) achievements, track record

実績

[じっせき]

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(military) base

基地

[きち]

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small bird, songbird

小鳥

[ことり]

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refreshing, fresh, invigorating / crisp, clear (voice, etc.)

爽やか

[さわやか]

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judo

柔道

[じゅうどう]

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not just…., in addition there is….

….ばかりでなく …. [も]

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way of thinking, conception

to conceive of / to think of in a certain way / to express (in music)

発想
[はっそう]

発想する

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(traditional) theatre

劇場

[げきじょう]

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setting free

to release (e.g. hostages) / to liberate / to set free

解放
[かいほう]

解放する

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gas station (loan word)

ガソリンスタンド

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a generation (e.g. the baby-boomers)

世代

[せだい]

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eating out

to eat out (at a restaurant, etc.)

外食
[がいしょく]

外食する

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to cause a change for a specific purpose

to take care to (or not to)…. always try to (or not to)….

—(る) ようにする

—(ない) ようにする

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joint (of the body)

関節

[かんせつ]

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assertive, agressive, optimistic

積極的

[せっきょくてき]

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low—

低

[てい]

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The Meiji Era (1868 - 1912)

明治
[めいじ]

明治時代
[めいじじだい]

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penguin (loan word)

ペンギン

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patience, perseverance

to have patience and perseverance

忍耐
[にんたい]

忍耐する

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Iwatsuki

岩槻

[いわつき]

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(social) position, (corporate) position, status

地位

[ちい]

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shop, small store (often used in store names)

shopping district, downtown area

商店
[しょうてん]

商店街
[しょうてんがい]

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moving

to move (house) / to change one’s residence

引っ越し
[ひっこし]

引っ越しする

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originally…. by nature…. (colloquial)

元々

> [もともと]

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attainment

to arrive at / to attain (a goal) / to reach (e.g. the mountain peak)

到達
[とうたつ]

到達する

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(with) both hands

両手

[りょうて]

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(one’s) superiors

目上

[めうえ]

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bureau of— department of—

局

[きょく]

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distinction

to make a distinction / to differentiate (one thing from another)

区別
[くべつ]

区別する

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trust (in) / credit (from a bank, etc.)

to place trust in / to have confidence in (someone)

信用
[しんよう]

信用する

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convert a sentence into a noun clause (to be used as a subject or object)

….ということ

….っていうこと

….というの

….っていうの

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passive, unmotivated, pessimistic

消極的

[しょうきょくてき]

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(one’s) thoughts and feelings

思い

[おもい]

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Japanese rice wine

日本酒

[にほんしゅ]

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support

to give support (e.g. financial support) / to provide aid

支援
[しえん]

支援する

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miracle

miraculous

奇跡
[きせき]

奇跡的

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continuation, sequel

続き

[つづき]

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offshore, the open sea

沖

[おき]

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tedium

to be tedious / to be boring

退屈
[たいくつ]

退屈する

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(petroleum) oil

石油

[せきゆ]

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small voice, quiet voice

小声

[こごえ]

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coming to a conclusion / the perfect tenses

to bring something to a conclusion / to finish completely

完了
[かんりょう]

完了する

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lighting, illumination, glow

明かり

[あかり]

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facing forward / positive, optimistic

前向き

[まえむき]

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character (loan word)

キャラクター

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—the best (used as a suffix)

—一

[—いち]

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a gathering

to gather (in a location) / to aggregate (numbers, etc.)

collective—

collective unconscious

集合
[しゅうごう]

集合する

集合的

集合的無意識
[しゅうごうてきむいしき]

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the interim / midway, halfway

中間

[ちゅうかん]

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rapid

急速

[きゅうそく]

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meeting room, conference room

会議室

[かいぎしつ]

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contradiction

to be contradictory

矛盾
[むじゅん]

矛盾する

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independence (acting alone)

independent, voluntary, of one’s own initiative

自主
[じしゅ]

自主的

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writer, creator of an artwork

作者

[さくしゃ]

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in the middle of… in the midst of…

at the very height of… right in the middle of…

最中
[さいちゅう]

真っ最中
[まっさいちゅう]

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very hungry / kowtow

to be very hungry (starving) / to bow repeatedly (kowtow)

(onomatopoeic)

ぺこぺこ

ぺこぺこする

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suntan / sunburn

to get a suntan / to get a sunburn

sunscreen, suntan lotion

日焼け
[ひやけ]

日焼けする

日焼け止め
[ひやけどめ]

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bullet

bullet (a shot from a gun)

弾
[たま]

弾丸
[だんがん]

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admission

to enter (an event, etc.) / to gain admission

入場
[にゅうじょう]

入場する

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astonishment, amazement, being surprised

驚き

[おどろき]

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all at once

一度に

[いちどに]

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warmth, warm (weather)

温暖

[おんだん]

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action

to perform an action / to make a movement

動作
[どうさ]

動作する

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mindful, careful

注意深い

[ちゅういぶかい]

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waking up (opening one’s eyes)

目覚まし

[めざまし]

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secondhand, used (goods, etc.)

used car

中古
[ちゅうこ]

中古車
[ちゅうこしゃ]

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a reflection

to be a reflection of (society, culture, etc.)

反映
[はんえい]

反映する

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flat tire, puncture / a punk

to get a flat tire (in a bike, etc.)

(loan word)

パンク

パンクする

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lecture

to give a lecture

講義
[こうぎ]

講義する

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a view (of scenery, etc.) / an outlook

a good view (e.g. from a hotel room)

眺め
[ながめ]

眺めがいい

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instincts

instinctive

本能
[ほんのう]

本能的

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writing brush

paintbrush

筆
[ふで]

絵筆
[えふで]

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water (scientific use) / moisture, moisture content

水分

[すいぶん]

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match

to match with / to go well with

(loan word)

マッチ

マッチする

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stomach ache

腹痛

[ふくつう]

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carpenter

大工

[だいく]

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consideration

to take into consideration / to take into account / to bear in mind

考慮
[こうりょ]

考慮する

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tail (colloquial)

tail (formal)

尻尾
> [しっぽ]

尾
> [お]

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quality (of goods or materials)

品質

[ひんしつ]

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enforcement

to enforce / to implement / to carry out (a plan)

実施
[じっし]

実施する

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big voice, loud voice

大声

[おおごえ]

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unity, uniformity

to unify (a group of people, etc.) / to make uniform / to standardize (data, etc.)

統一
[とういつ]

統一する

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cottage, cabin, hut, shed

小屋

[こや]

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reaction to

to have a reaction to / to respond to (news, etc.)

反応
[はんのう]

反応する

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a 3rd party wants something

….をほしがる

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hardships

to experience hardship / to suffer

苦労
[くろう]

苦労する

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still more, much more, all the more, more than ever

一層

> [いっそう]

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with much trouble…. (after) all that work…. at great pains….

even after all going through all that trouble….

because I went through all that trouble….

せっかく

せっかく〜のに

せっかく〜から

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particle marking yes or no questions (questions)

….かい？

….のかい？

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world power, large country

大国

[たいこく]

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health insurance

national health insurance

健康保険
[けんこうほけん]

国民健康保険
[こくみんけんこうほけん]

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jeans

jean pants

(loan word)

ジーンズ

ジーパン

ジーンズパンツ

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Latin America (Central and South America)

中南米
[ちゅうなんべい]

ラテンアメリカ

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trousers, pants

ズボン

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consequently…. in accordance…. therefore…. (conjunction)

従って….

> [したがって….]

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how…. in what kind of way…. to what degree…. (e.g. in what way should I explain this?)

どのように

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play, drama

劇

[げき]

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basket (e.g. shopping basket), cage

籠

> [かご]

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timing (loan word)

タイミング

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plain, modest, conservative (clothing, etc.)

地味

[じみ]

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….is necessary ….is good to do (giving an order, advice, or firm suggestion)

—(る) こと[だ]

—(ない) こと[だ]

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real estate

real estate agent (realtor)

不動産
[ふどうさん]

不動産屋
[ふどうさんや]

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pineapple (loan word)

パイナップル

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a 3rd party wants to do something

—たがる

—たがっている

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continue with a pre-established pattern of action (an active sense)

….にしている

….ことにしている

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accessories, jewelry (loan word)

アクセサリー

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nausea

to be nauseous

吐き気
[はきけ]

吐き気がする

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commerce

商売

[しょうばい]

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uniqueness, distinct (characteristic)

独特

[どくとく]

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negotiation

to negotiate with

交渉
[こうしょう]

交渉する

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a reduction

to reduce / to decline / to decrease

減少
[げんしょう]

減少する

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in the middle…. halfway…. (e.g. halfway up the mountain)

中途

[ちゅうと]

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skewered chicken (yakitori)

焼き鳥

[やきとり]

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human rights

人権

[じんけん]

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the appointed day, the day of (an event, etc.)

当日

[とうじつ]

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please (try and) do something…!

when speaking to inferiors, students, subordinates, etc.

….(て)ごらん

….(て)ごらんなさい

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needless to say…. it goes without saying….

無論

[むろん]

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zazen (sitting meditation)

座禅

[ざぜん]

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oyster

牡蠣
> [かき]

カキ

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giving instruction

to give instructions / to give a direction / to indicate

指示
[しじ]

指示する

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

100,000 (one hundred thousand)

十万

[じゅうまん]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the (real) truth

真実

[しんじつ]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

investment

to make a (financial) investment

投資
[とうし]

投資する

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

funds

資金

[しきん]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

last train (of the night)

終電

[しゅうでん]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

newcomer, rookie

新人

[しんじん]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lion (loan word)

ライオン

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

course of study / academic department

学科

[がっか]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the former

前者

[ぜんしゃ]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

lucrative, advantageous

有利

[ゆうり]

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

last stop (for trains) / terminal

終点

[しゅうてん]

to finish completely, to do 100%

to indicate something is full complete or there is nothing left

—きる

—きれる

spring, (fresh water) fountain

泉

[いずみ]

political power, regime

政権

[せいけん]

expenditure

to spend / to pay expenses

支出
[ししゅつ]

支出する

violation

to violate (rules or laws) / to commit an offense / to breach (a contract, etc.)

違反
[いはん]

違反する

(university) course, subject, curriculum

科目

[かもく]

composition

to compose (music)

作曲
[さっきょく]

作曲する

half a year, half-year

半年

[はんとし]

open (to)

to be open to (the public, all ages, new ideas etc.) / to allow freedom of movement / to liberate

open-minded, liberal

a sense of spaciousness (e.g. a room with many windows)

開放
[かいほう]

開放する

開放的

開放感

commuter pass

定期券

[ていきけん]

white person, caucasian

白人

[はくじん]

prices (on a large scale)

物価

[ぶっか]

slowly and steadily… little by little…

徐々に

[じょじょに]

socializing

付き合い

[つきあい]

morals

道徳

[どうとく]

beach (loan word)

ビーチ

cotton (material)

木綿

[もめん]

entrance ticket, admission ticket

入場券

[にゅうじょうけん]

(self) reflection

to reflect on / to contemplate

反省
[はんせい]

反省する

discreet, deliberate, prudent

慎重

[しんちょう]

plaza, public square

広場

[ひろば]

terms, conditions

条件

[じょうけん]

engineering

engineer

dept. of engineering

工学
[こうがく]

工学者

工学部
[こうがくぶ]

scheming, devising

to use one’s ingenuity to (figure out), to scheme and devise

工夫
[くふう]

工夫する

person in charge (senior staff, chief officer, etc.)

主任

[しゅにん]

the majority, the greater part

大部分

[だいぶぶん]

out of touch

to be out of touch (with someone) / to not contact (for a while)

御無沙汰
[ごぶさた]

御無沙汰する

actualization

to actualize (a plan, etc.) / to realize (dreams etc.) / to materialize

実現
[じつげん]

実現する

self-reliance

to be self-reliant / to be independent (to live on one’s own, etc.)

自立
[じりつ]

自立する

puzzle, mystery

riddle

謎
[なぞ]

謎々
> [なぞなぞ]

謎かけ
[なぞかけ]

fixed-term, fixed-period / periodic—

periodic, regular, routine

定期
[ていき]

定期的

what day….? / how many days….?

some days…. several days….

for many days….

何日
[なんにち]

何日か

何日も

formation

to form (a new company) / to close (a deal) / to bring into existence (a law, etc.)

成立
[せいりつ]

成立する

such and such…. (when being vague, or used as a placeholder within a sentence)

何々

[なになに]

Africa (loan word)

アフリカ

lumber (pre-cut and ready for use in construction)

timber (trees regarded as a source of wood)

材木
[ざいもく]

木材
[もくざい]

title, topic, subject, problem on a test (kanji use)

題

[だい]

hateful, detestable, abominable

憎い

[にくい]

sumo wrestling

相撲

[すもう]

easy, simple (formal)

容易

[ようい]

(loud) noise

騒音

[そうおん]

installation

to install / to set up (equipment, etc.)

設置
[せっち]

設置する

South America

南米
[なんべい]

南アメリカ
[みなみアメリカ]

airline ticket

航空券

[こうくうけん]

faith, (religious) belief

信仰

[しんこう]

at least… at the very least…

せめて

back and forth, front and back / order of… / around the…

前後

[ぜんご]

well… umm… who knows… / come now… come on then…

さあ

diligently…. industriously…. (working at something)

せっせと

well done

よくできた

よくできました

clear and specific

明確

[めいかく]

advancement

to advance / to move forward

前進
[ぜんしん]

前進する

multi-unit apartments, housing complex

団地

[だんち]

high altitude, high-rise (building, etc.)

高層

[こうそう]

flame, blaze

炎

[ほのお]

if by any chance… in the unlikely possibility that… just in case… / an unlikely event (literally 1 in 10,000)

万一
[まんいち]

万が一
[まんがいち]

meal, (one’s) diet, food, foodstuff (kanji use)

食

[しょく]

remainder, the rest

余り

[あまり]

victory or defeat, win or lose / match, bout

勝負

[しょうぶ]

considering…., I can’t believe….

for (someone who)…. it is surprising….

(showing criticism)

くせに….

development

to develop (a commercial area, new products, etc.) / to exploit resources

開発
[かいはつ]

開発する

guide

to guide / to be a guide (for a tour group etc.)

(loan word)

ガイド

ガイドする

seed (of a plant), pit (in a fruit) / reproductive cell

種

[たね]

melon (loan word)

メロン

intention(s)

to intend something (meaning, action, etc.) / to be aiming to

intentional

意図
[いと]

意図する

意図的

alphabet (loan word)

アルファベット

mark, symbol, sign

印

[しるし]

invention

to invent (something)

発明
[はつめい]

発明する

yawn

to yawn

欠伸
> [あくび]

あくびする

secretary

秘書

[ひしょ]

when…. is thought about, something else comes to mind

speaking of…. these are my thoughts

…と言うと ….

…と言えば ….

…と言ったら ….

domestic, internal

国内

[こくない]

for the first time in— after— (a long period of time)

—style —manner

(as a suffix)

—ぶり

for sure…. (emphasizes or differentiates preceding word)

….こそ

here and there, in (certain) places

所々

[ところどころ]

unique (loan word)

ユニーク

trouble (loan word)

トラブル

direction, supervision / film director

to supervise / to direct (a movie, etc.)

監督
[かんとく]

監督する

congestion, crowd, confusion

to be congested / to be crowded / to be in a state of confusion or disorder

混雑
[こんざつ]

混雑する

hence…. for that reason…. (conjunction)

そのため….

metaphor, simile / a ‘for instance’

例え
> [たとえ]

喩え

political measures, policies

政策

[せいさく]

sterilization

to disinfect / to sterilize

消毒
[しょうどく]

消毒する

confrontation

to be opposed to / to be in confrontation or conflict with

対立
[たいりつ]

対立する

full moon

満月

[まんげつ]

cheating

to cheat (esp. on a test, etc.)

(loan word)

カンニング

カンニングする

acknowledgement, comprehension / “roger that”

to acknowledge (and comprehend)

了解
[りょうかい]

了解する

Saitama Prefecture

埼玉県

[さいたまけん]

high-ranking, high-class

高級

[こうきゅう]

immigration / immigrant

to immigrate from

移民
[いみん]

移民する

assembly member (of the Diet, congress, etc.)

議員

[ぎいん]

germs, bacteria (colloquial)

ばい菌

[ばいきん]

moisture, dampness, humidity

湿気

[しっけ]

manufacturing

to manufacture or produce (usu. with the use of machine or tools)

製作
[せいさく]

製作する

tempura and rice bowl

天丼

[てんどん]

physics

the study of physics

physicist

物理
[ぶつり]

物理学

物理学者
[ぶつりがくしゃ]

the sole— the unique— the one (and only)—

唯一
[ゆいいつ]

*** alt. [ゆいつ]

scene, spectacle, sight

光景

[こうけい]

organisms, living creatures (more of a scientific term)

生物

[せいぶつ]

the latter

後者

[こうしゃ]

commonplace, ordinary

平凡

[へいぼん]

transparent, clear (glass, etc.)

透明

[とうめい]

elegant, refined, classy

上品
[じょうひん]

品がある
[ひんがある]

品がいい
[ひんがいい]

atomic bomb

原爆

[げんばく]

atmosphere (of the earth)

大気

[たいき]

cold medicine

風邪薬

[かぜぐすり]

active, lively, perky

活発

[かっぱつ]

arrangements

to make arrangements (in preparation) / to get set up

支度
[したく]

支度する

obvious, evident

明白

[めいはく]

shark

さめ

making, production

to make or produce (goods) / to manufacture

製造
[せいぞう]

製造する

view, scene, landscape

風景

[ふうけい]

the four seasons

四季

[しき]

tightly, firmly, stable / reliable, mature

to be firmly (in place) / to be reliable (e.g. a level-headed or mature person)

a person of firm or stable character

しっかり

しっかりする

しっかり者
[しっかりもの]

man-made

artificial, synthetic

人工
[じんこう]

人造
[じんぞう]

supply (e.g. supply and demand)

to supply (goods, materials, etc.) / to provide with

供給
[きょうきゅう]

供給する

prediction

to predict

予測
[よそく]

予測する

true sense, real feeling

to have a real feeling that… / to have a realization

実感
[じっかん]

実感する

appointment (meeting with someone)

to meet with someone at a prearranged place and time

待ち合わせ
[まちあわせ]

待ち合わせする

headline (in a newspaper, etc.), heading

見出し

[みだし]

indoors, inside the room

室内

[しつない]

chairperson, moderator (of an assembly, etc.)

議長

[ぎちょう]

application

to apply (a theory, a method, etc.) / to put to practical use

応用
[おうよう]

応用する

interval (of time, distance, etc.)

間隔

[かんかく]

flour

小麦粉

[こむぎこ]

train (alt. use)

列車

[れっしゃ]

intense

強烈

[きょうれつ]

adult-like, mature

大人っぽい

[おとなっぽい]

president (of an organized group), chairman

会長

[かいちょう]

craftsman, artisan, mechanic

職人

[しょくにん]

sorry, but… (plain)

sorry (to bother you), but… (formal)

悪いけど
[わるいけど]

失礼ですが
[しつれいですが]

darkness, the dark / despair

darkness (especially extreme or existential)

闇
[やみ]

暗闇
[くらやみ]

chemistry

化学

[かがく]

apparatus, mechanism, device (e.g. landing gear, a propeller, etc.)

装置

[そうち]

donation

to make a donation / to contribute (money to charity, etc.)

寄付
[きふ]

寄付する

slander, abuse

悪口

[わるくち]

(prefectual) governer

知事

[ちじ]

progress

to make progress / to make advancements or improvements (in technology, etc.)

進歩
[しんぽ]

進歩する

pillar, column

柱

[はしら]

academic association, academic conference

学会

[がっかい]

time frame / time limit, cutoff date

期限

[きげん]

loaf of bread

食パン

[しょくパン]

bluntly…. in an outright manner….

あっさり

comparatively… relatively… rather…

割に
[わりに]

割と
[わりと]

don’t overdo it, don’t try the impossible, take it easy

無理しないで

[むりしないで]

in the city, interior of the city

市内

[しない]

the main store / the head office

本店

[ほんてん]

personnel dept., human resources (H.R.)

人事

[じんじ]

container, holder, case, receptacle

also a euphemism for a coffin

入れ物
[いれもの]

容れ物

firefighter

fire station

fire engine

消防士
[しょうぼうし]

消防署
[しょうぼうしょ]

消防車
[しょうぼうしゃ]

microwave

電子レンジ

[でんしレンジ]

on behalf of…. in place of….

no compensation of balance

….に代わって

….に代わり….

on the contrary…. rather…. all the more….

かえって

New Year’s Day

New Year’s Day (specifically the morning of…)

元日
[がんじつ]

元旦
[がんたん]

dialogue

to have a dialogue with

対話
[たいわ]

対話する

good luck, good fortune

幸運

[こううん]

band (loan word)

バンド

(scientific) observation

to make observations (with the use of equipment or devices)

観測
[かんそく]

観測する

lost property (esp. dropped on a train, etc.)

落とし物

[おとしもの]

precisely because….(emphasizes or differentiates a point)

….からこそ

the previous day, the preceding day

the day before— (e.g. the day before your appointment)

前日
[ぜんじつ]

—の前日

Prime Minister, Chancellor (other than Japan)

首相

[しゅしょう]

harvest

to harvest (crops)

収穫
[しゅうかく]

収穫する

toilet paper (loan word)

トイレットペーパー

planet

惑星

[わくせい]

In addition to…. something else as well

….に加えて….
[….にくわえて….]

….に加え….

temporary

temporarily… for the time being…

a short time, a moment

一時
[いちじ]

一時的に

一時
> [ひととき]

diplomacy, foreign relations

diplomatic

外交
[がいこう]

外交的

cheeky, saucy, flippant

生意気

[なまいき]

one day (e.g. one day, while studying…)

ある日

[あるひ]

plain, field, area (kanji use, esp. in names) / wild—

野

[の]

rice bowl, (traditional) tea cup

茶碗

> [ちゃわん]

column (of text) / field (in a form, web page, etc.)

欄

[らん]

a model, a type

typical, representative (of), quintessential

典型
[てんけい]

典型的

tremendous, a great deal (emphatically)

tremendously… extremely… incredibly…

物凄い
> [ものすごい]

ものすごく

a trouble, a bother

手数

[てすう]

North America

北米
[ほくべい]

北アメリカ
[きたアメリカ]

Central America

中米
[ちゅうべい]

中央アメリカ
[ちゅうおうアメリカ]

rose

薔薇

> [ばら]

stopping

to stop

(loan word)

ストップ

ストップする

shameless, impudent, cheeky

図々しい

[ずうずうしい]

running (loan word)

ランニング

honey

蜂蜜

> [はちみつ]

scotch tape

セロテープ

(police) detective

刑事

[けいじ]

—neighborhood (usu. as a suffix)

(in) this neighborhood…

付近
[ふきん]

この付近

channel (loan word)

チャンネル

issue (of a magazine, etc.), publication

to be issued / to be published

発行
[はっこう]

発行する

it is not possible that— there is no such thing as—

—ということはない

mutual, reciprocal (e.g. mutual understanding)

相互

[そうご]

absurd, silly

馬鹿らしい

[ばからしい]

a close friend

仲良し

[なかよし]

absorption

to absorb (a liquid, knowledge, etc.) / to absorb or merge with (another company)

吸収
[きゅうしゅう]

吸収する

great war (world war)

大戦

[たいせん]

taking precedence

to go ahead / to go first / to take precedence / to take priority

先行
[せんこう]

先行する

compliment, flattery

to flatter / to give (someone) a compliment

お世辞
[おせじ]

お世辞を言う
[おせじをいう]

demand (e.g. supply and demand)

需要

[じゅよう]

command

to order / to (give a) command or directive

命令
[めいれい]

命令する

scholarship, (a branch of) learning, a discipline

学問

[がくもん]

cafeteria, dining hall

食堂

[しょくどう]

(individual) dictionary

辞典

[じてん]

rough draft

to (write) a rough draft

下書き
[したがき]

下書きする

sample (e.g. free sample), model (of one’s work, etc.)

見本

[みほん]

a connection, link, relationship (between things)

つながり

freight, cargo

貨物

[かもつ]

bookstore (formal)

書店

[しょてん]

cheek

頬
[ほお]

[ほほ]

challenge, defiance

to challenge (a higher authority, etc.), to defy

挑戦
[ちょうせん]

挑戦する

fire prevention

to fight fire / to put out fires

消防
[しょうぼう]

消防する

ghost, ogre / ‘it’ when playing tag

鬼

[おに]

approximately

on the whole… as a rule… generally…

凡そ
> [およそ]

大凡
> [おおよそ]

system (e.g. language system, value system)

systematic

体系
[たいけい]

体系的
[たいけいてき]

development and growth

to develop (esp. physically or mentally) / to develop (new technology, etc.) / to grow (as a person)

発達
[はったつ]

発達する

division, category (e.g. in a contest), subclass

部門

[ぶもん]

a pre-established pattern of behavior continues, when decided or planned (a passive sense)

….になっている

….ことになっている

fall foliage

to change colors of the leaves (in autumn)

Japanese maple tree

紅葉
[こうよう]

紅葉する

紅葉
[もみじ]

Hawaii (loan word)

ハワイ

in my opinion…. (expresses uncertainty or probability about something)

….だろうと思う

deletion

to delete / to eliminate (files, etc.)

削除
[さくじょ]

削除する

unstable

不安定

[ふあんてい]

favorable (conditions), smooth progress, doing well

favorably… smoothly… efficiently…. (working, etc.)

順調
[じゅんちょう]

順調に

good-for-nothing, stupid, trifling

くだらない

settings

to create settings (in a computer program, etc.) / to set-up / to configure

設定
[せってい]

設定する

thesis, scholarly paper

論文

[ろんぶん]

scholar, learned person

学者

[がくしゃ]

stage (loan word)

ステージ

eruption

to erupt

噴火
[ふんか]

噴火する

real ability, real skills, true strength

実力

[じつりょく]

rate of— proportion of—

relatively… comparatively… proportionately…

割合
[わりあい]

割合に

splendid, admirable (a praiseworthy act)

見事

[みごと]

memorization

to learn by heart / to memorize

暗記
[あんき]

暗記する

bizarre, strange, curious

curiously… strangely…

奇妙
[きみょう]

奇妙に

Japanese rock-paper-scissors

じゃん拳ぽん
> [じゃんけんぽん]

じゃん拳

traveling expense, transportation fee

交通費

[こうつうひ]

draft beer

生ビール

[なまビール]

youthful, young-looking

若々しい

[わかわかしい]

(one’s) subordinate

部下

[ぶか]

salmon roe

イクラ

fly (insect)

蠅

> [はえ]

peculiar, special (effects, powers, etc.)

特殊

[とくしゅ]

drunkard, drunk

酔っ払い

[よっぱらい]

approval

to offer approval / to (formally) recognize

承認
[しょうにん]

承認する

upturn

to rise / to experience an upturn (in prices, temperature, etc.)

上昇
[じょうしょう]

上昇する

the world (at large), the general public

worldly (as in found all over), ordinary, common

世間
[せけん]

世間的

document(ation), written record, written correspondence

文書

[ぶんしょ]

vigor, momentum

勢い

[いきおい]

sigh

to sigh

ため息
[ためいき]

ため息をつく
[ためいきをつく]

once…. one time…. / for just a moment….

一旦

> [いったん]

outward appearance, one’s appearance

外見

[がいけん]

being passive

the passive tense

受け身

[うけみ]

harmoniously, getting along, on good terms with

仲良く

[なかよく]

aid

to aid / to provide assistance or support

援助
[えんじょ]

援助する

stimulation

to stimulate (the mind, etc.) / to provide impetus or incentive

stimulating

刺激
[しげき]

刺激する

刺激的

(legislative) assembly, council

議会

[ぎかい]

getting, being given

to receive something humbly

give me…! (informal request)

頂戴
[ちょうだい]

頂戴する

ちょうだい

authenticity, earnestness

genuine, authentic, earnest

earnestly…. genuinely….

本格的
[ほんかく]

本格的

本格的に

and surprisingly… but what actually happened was…

ところが

だが

buying and selling

to buy and sell (real estate, etc.)

売買
[ばいばい]

売買する

ticket window, teller

窓口

[まどぐち]

light green

薄緑

[うすみどり]

napkin (loan word)

ナプキン

expansion

to expand (a business, etc.) / to extend ( a territory)

拡張
[かくちょう]

拡張する

facing backward, turning one’s back to / pessimistic

後ろ向き

[うしろむき]

rhythm (loan word)

リズム

allergy, allergies

to have allergies / to be allergic to—

(loan word)

アレルギー

アレルギーがある

jam (loan word)

ジャム

(personal) view or opinion

見解

[けんかい]

—driver —player / person who specializes in something (as a suffix)

—手

[—しゅ]

vulgar, coarse, unrefined, low level, not classy

下品
[げひん]

品がない
[ひんがない]

品が悪い
[ひんがわるい]

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VOCAB—intermediate 3 Flashcards

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