Vocab Units 61-65 Flashcards
1
Q
twin
A
쌍둥이
Common Usages: 세쌍둥이 = triplets 네쌍둥이 = quadruplets 일란성 쌍둥이 = identical twins 이란성 쌍둥이 = fraternal twins
Examples:
저는 쌍둥이예요 = I am a twin
저의 아들은 쌍둥이예요 = My sons are twins
어느 마을에서 쌍둥이가 태어났어요 = Twins were born in some town
일란성 쌍둥이들은 생김새가 동일해요 = The appearance of identical twins is the same
2
Q
supplement
A
보충
Common Usages:
보충 수업 = supplemental class (usually students take these classes after school)
Examples:
오늘은 모든 수업이 끝난 후에 보충 수업이 있어요
After the finish of all classes today, there are supplemental classes.
부족한 비타민을 보충하기 위해서 야채를 먹는 것은 좋아요
= In order to supply vitamins that are deficient, eating vegetables is good
3
Q
swan
A
백조
Notes: If somebody doesn’t work, there is a pair of words that Korean people use to jokingly refer to this type of person. Typically, you can call a woman a “백조” and a man a “백수.” If a Korean person asks you “what do you do?” and you respond with “저는 백수예요,” you will definitely get a laugh.
Examples:
백조가 물에서 물고기를 잡고 날아갔어요
= The swan caught a fish in the water and flew away
한국에서 백조는 일을 하지 않고 있는 여성을 가리키는 말로도 사용돼요
= In Korea, the word “백조” is also used to refer to a woman who currently isn’t working
4
Q
interior
A
실내
Common Usages:
실내화 = slippers/house shoes
실내온도 = the temperature indoors, room temperature, indoor temperature
실내수영장 = indoor swimming pool
Examples:
실내에서 운동을 하지 말아 주시기 바랍니다 = Please don’t exercise indoors
발이 춥거든 실내화를 신으세요 = If your feet are cold, wear (indoor) shoes
5
Q
policy
A
정책
Common Usages:
정책을 수정하다 = to amend a policy
정책을 실시하다 = to implement/carry out a policy
정책을 실행하다 = to implement/carry out a policy
Examples:
새로운 정책을 설명할 때 모두 다 잘 들어 주시기 바랍니다
= When I’m explaining the new policy, everybody please listen well
이 정책은 한국에 매우 필요하므로 국내 도입이 시급합니다
= Korea needs this policy a lot, so the introduction of it in the country is urgent
야당이 새로운 정책에 동의하게 하기 위해 거짓말을 했어요
= We lied in order to make the opposition (party) agree with the new policy
6
Q
currency
A
통화
Common Usages:
통화 환전 = currency exchange
Examples:
각 나라의 통화는 매일 경제상황에 따라 가치가 변해요
= The value of each country’s currency changes depending on the economic situation
베트남 돈으로 바꾸고 싶으면 다양한 통화가 있는 큰 은행으로 가야 해요
= If you want to change to Vietnamese money, you need to go to a big bank where they have lots of currencies
7
Q
protein
A
Common Usages:
단백질이 풍부하다 = for something to be rich/full of protein
Examples:
지방을 많이 먹지 말고 단백질을 많이 먹기를 바랍니다
= I hope you don’t eat a lot of fat, and (instead) eat a lot of protein
단백질이 많이 들어있는 음식 중 하나는 닭 가슴살이에요
= Chicken breast is one of the foods that has a lot of protein
8
Q
fat
A
지방
Common Usages: 고지방 = high fat 저지방 = low fat 지방산 = fatty acid 포화지방 = saturated fat 불포화지방 = unsaturated fat
Examples:
몸무게와 지방은 상관이 없어요
= There is no relationship between body weight and fat
적절한 양의 지방을 먹는 것은 우리 몸에 매우 중요해요
= It is very important to our body to eat the proper amount of fat
9
Q
carbohydrate
A
탄수화물
포도당 = glucose 과당 = fructose 갈락토오스 = galactose 젖당 = lactose 엿당 = maltose 설탕 = sugar 녹말 = starch 글리코겐 = glycogen
Examples:
한국인들이 가장 즐겨 먹는 탄수화물은 밥이에요
= The carbohydrate Korean people enjoy eating most is rice
사람들이 7시 이후에 탄수화물을 많이 먹어서는 안 돼요
= People shouldn’t eat a lot of carbohydrates after 7:00
10
Q
amount
A
양
Common Usages:
양을 줄이다 = to reduce the amount of something
양을 늘리다 = to increase the amount of something
Examples:
양이 많았으면 좋겠어요 = I hope there is a lot (I hope the amount is a lot)
그 양은 우리 회사가 공급할 수 있는 양을 넘었어요
= That amount is over the amount that our company can supply
유럽 사람들이 쓰는 영어 억양의 개수를 세기도 하고 비교하기도 했어요
= I counted the number of English accents used by European people and compared them too
11
Q
night
A
야간
Notes: If you work night shifts, you can refer to this as “야간” (or 야간 근무). If you work the day shift, you can refer to this as “주간” (or 주간 근무). You wouldn’t need to specifically state “주간” unless you are comparing it to “야간,” as most people would just assume you work during the day.
Common Usages:
야간 근무 = night-time working (nightshift)
Examples:
제가 야간을 안 하기를 바라요 = I hope I don’t work nights
이번 주는 야근이고 다음 주는 주간이에요 = This week is (I am working) the night shift, next week is (I am working) the day shift
12
Q
one’s best
A
최선
이번 시험에 최선을 다해 주시기를 바랍니다 = Please try your best on this exam
저는 그냥 모든 일에 최선을 다 할 뿐이에요 = I just do my best in everything I do
유명한 가수들은 후배양성을 위해 최선을 다해요 = Famous singers do their best to develop/train their juniors (singers younger than them)
It can also describe other nouns (방법, 선택, 결정, etc) using ~의 to indicate that something is the best method, choice, decision, etc. For example:
이민을 가는 게 최선의 선택일 것 같아요
= Immigrating will probably be the best choice
최선의 결정을 하기 위해 한 달 내내 고민했어요
= In order to make the best decision, I thought/worried about it for a month straight
한국어를 배우는 최선의 방법이 이 웹사이트로 배우는 것이구나!
= Ah, the best way/method to learn Korean is through this website!
13
Q
prior/beforehand/ahead of time
A
사전
Examples:
그 말을 사전에 했으면 좋겠어요 = I wish you had told me that beforehand
휴가를 갈 거면 사전에 말해 주세요 = If you are going to go on vacation, please tell me ahead of time
14
Q
a pair
A
쌍
Common Usages:
쌍꺼풀 = double eyelid
쌍둥이 = twins
Examples:
학생들을 두 명씩 쌍으로 나누세요 = Divide the students into pairs
슬기와 윌리는 아주 잘 어울리는 한 쌍이에요 = Seulgi and Willy are a pair that gets along well together (a well-matched couple)
15
Q
intentional
A
의도적
의도적으로 = intentionally
Examples:
저를 의도적으로 피하려고 안 했으면 좋겠어요 = I wish you didn’t deliberately try to avoid me
의도적으로 거짓말을 하는 사람은 매우 나쁜 사람이에요 = People who intentionally tell lies are very bad people
16
Q
to swim, to move through water
A
헤엄치다
Examples:
갓 태어난 애기들은 스스로 헤엄치는 법을 알아요
= New-born babies that are just born know (the way) how to swim by themselves
이 강을 헤엄쳐서 건너면 다른 도시에 도착할 수 있어요
= If you swim across this river, you will arrive at a different city
17
Q
to fire a person from a job
A
해고하다
Common Usages:
해고당하다 = to get fired
Examples:
그는 그녀를 지난 주에 해고했을 것 같아요 = He probably fired her last week
그것 때문에 나를 해고하지 않았으면 좋겠다 = I wish/hope you don’t fire me because of that
죄송하지만 나는 당신을 해고할 수밖에 없어요
= I’m sorry, but I can’t do anything but fire you
부장님이 회사원 몇 명을 해고할 거라고 해서 회사 전체가 긴장했어요
= The whole company was nervous because the boss said he will fire some workers
정부가 예산을 줄여서 우리가 회사원 한 명을 거의 해고해야 할 뻔 했어요
= We almost had to fire an employee because the government cut the budget
18
Q
to hand-over, to pass on
A
건네다
Examples:
그 종이를 저한테 건네 주세요 = Please hand that paper over to me
친구가 연필이 없어서 제가 가지고 있는 연필을 건네 줬어요
= My friend didn’t have a pencil, so I handed him the one that I had
19
Q
to explain
A
해설하다
Common Usages:
해설자 = announcer (for example, of a sports event broadcast on television)
해설지 = answer sheet
Examples:
저의 오늘의 임무는 이 스포츠 경기를 해설하는 거예요
= Our job today is/will be to describe/explain this sporting competition
해설하는 사람에 따라 경기의 재미가 달라질 수 있어요
= Depending on the announcer, the level of enjoyment (of a game) can be different
20
Q
to do all of something, to leave nothing behind
A
다하다
Common Usages:
최선을 다하다 = to do one’s best
전력을 다하다 = to use all of one’s might
Examples:
이번 시험에 최선을 다해 주시기를 바랍니다 = Please try your best on this exam
유명한 가수들은 후배양성을 위해 최선을 다해요
= Famous singers do their best to develop/train their juniors (singers younger than them)
저는 전력을 다해서 이 일을 내일까지 마무리해 볼 거예요
= I will use all of my power and try to finish this work by tomorrow
저는 제 자신의 한계를 뛰어넘기 위해 최선을 다해서 운동을 해요
= In order to exceed my limits, I put everything I’ve got into exercise
지혜는 진심을 다해 남자친구를 사랑했지만 남자친구는 지혜와 헤어지고 싶었어요
= Jihye really/sincerely loved her boyfriend, but her boyfriend wanted to break up with her
21
Q
to have one come and pick you up
A
데리러 오다
Examples:
엄마가 저를 데리러 왔으면 좋겠어요 = I wish mom would come to pick me up
초등학교에서는 수업이 끝난 후 아이들을 데리러 오는 부모님들이 많아요
= After classes in elementary schools, there are a lot of parents that come to pick up their children
22
Q
to go and pick somebody up
A
데리러 가다
Examples:
제가 지금 그녀를 데리러 가는 길이에요 = I am on my way to pick her up now
갑자기 비가 내리기 시작해서 남동생을 데리러 갔어요
= Suddenly it started raining so I went to pick up my younger brother
23
Q
to add to, to supplement
A
추가하다
Common Usages:
추가요금 = additional fees
Examples:
체크아웃을 늦게 하면 추가요금이 있나요?
= If I check-out late, are there additional fees?
부치는 짐이 20kg를 초과하면 추가요금을 내야 해요
= If the baggage you are sending exceeds 20 kg, you will have to pay an additional fee
이 제품을 신용카드로 구입하시면 추가 수수료가 있습니다
= If you purchase this item with a credit card, there is an additional fee
제가 예산계획을 제출하니 혹시 추가하고 싶은 게 있으면 알려주세요
= I am going to submit the budget plan, so if by chance you have something you want to add, let me know
24
Q
to intend
A
의도하다
Examples:
회사에 중요한 정보를 빼내기 위해 의도해서 그 회사에 취직했어요
= In order to take some important information from that company, I intentionally got a job with them
그 사람이 상처를 받게 의도한 게 아니었지만 결과적으로 상처를 주게 되서 마음이 무거워요
= I didn’t intend to hurt that person, but in the end the fact that I hurt him weighs on me
25
to be clean
청결하다
제가 이 식당을 좋아하는 이유는 맛도 있지만 청결하기 때문이에요
= The reason why I like this restaurant is, yes, it is delicious, but (also) because it is clean
26
to be unrelenting, to be tireless
꾸준하다
Common Usages:
꾸준히 = tirelessly
Examples:
저는 꾸준한 동기부여를 위해 책을 읽어요
= For constant / steady self-motivation, I read books
돈을 매달 꾸준히 모으다 보면 언젠가 집을 살 수 있을 거예요
= If you save money every month continuously, someday you’ll be able to buy a house
27
to be leisurely
한가롭다
Examples:
삶을 한가롭게 살았으면 좋겠어 = I wish I could live life freely/leisurely
조용한 마을의 아침은 매우 한가로워요 = The quiet mornings of the village are very peaceful
28
exactly, perfectly, precisely
딱
Notes:
딱 is usually used as an adverb to describe that something occurs “exactly” for example:
모든 학생들은 딱 12시에 도착해 주시기 바랍니다 = All students please arrive at exactly 12:00
However, 이다 is often attached to it – therefore making it a noun sometimes. “딱이다!” is often used to describe some sort of situation that is perfect. For example:
그렇게 해 주면 딱이에요 = It would be perfect if you did it like that
Common Usages:
딱 맞다 = to be exactly right
Examples:
크기가 딱 맞아서 다시 조절을 안 해도 돼요
= The size is perfect, so you don’t need to adjust it again
딱 한번만 만나서 저도 그의 이름을 모르겠어요
= I only met him once, so I don’t know his name either
늦게 도착해서는 안 돼! 우리가 딱 9 시에 시작해야 되잖아!
= You shouldn’t arrive late! We need to start exactly at 9:00!
29
unconditionally
무조건
Notes: While walking around popular tourist areas in Seoul, I often see venders selling various items. Bartering for prices is not something that is very common in Korea – especially for things like souvenirs sold to foreigners. I have often seen signs that read “가격은 무조건 만원입니다” = The price is (no matter what) unconditionally 10,000 won
Examples:
내일 무조건 와야 돼요 = Tomorrow, you must come
나를 무조건 사랑했으면 좋겠어 = I wish you loved me unconditionally (no matter what)
무조건 좋아하는 일이 있으면 포기하지 말고 도전해 보세요 = If you have a job that you like doing unconditionally, don’t give up and challenge yourself
30
schedule
일정
Common Usages:
일정이 없다 = to not have anything scheduled
일정을 확인하다 = to check a schedule
일정을 연기하다 = to delay a schedule
Examples:
음악을 들으면서 다음 주 일정을 세웠어요
= While listening to music I set up the schedule for next week
우선 비행기표를 사고 나서 함께 일정을 짜는 게 더 나을 것 같아요
= It will probably be better if we first buy the plane ticket and then set the plans together
다솜이와 여행의 목적을 정하고 여행 일정을 대충 짜니 다음 할 일들이 더욱 쉬워졌다
= Since I decided the purpose of the trip with Dasom, and set up a rough schedule, the next chore to do became a lot easier.
아일랜드에 오기 전에 중국에 간 적이 있었는데, 그때는 모든 일정이 정해져 있는 패키지 여행이었다 = Before coming to Ireland I had been to China, and at that time the entire itinerary was determined as a package tour
31
front door
앞문
Notes: Another common word is “정문.” 정문 is usually used to refer to the official entrance of a complex, like the official/main entrance of a University or of the Presidential Palace. In theory, if these doors are at the “front,” they could also be called the “앞문.”
Examples:
저쪽으로 가면 앞문이 나오며 이쪽으로 가면 뒷문이 나와요
= If you go that way, you will see the front door, and if you go that way, you will see the back door
```
교실에 들어갈 때 수업 중이면 앞문 말고 뒷문으로 들어가세요
= When you enter a classroom, if there is a class going on, go in through the back door, not the front door
```
32
back door
뒷문
Examples:
뒷문으로 나가면 버스정류장이 더 가까워요
= If you go out through the back door, the bus stop is closer
뒷문으로 들어오고 싶으면 열쇠를 갖고 와야 돼요
= If you want to enter through the back door, you need to bring your key
```
교실에 들어갈 때 수업 중이면 앞문 말고 뒷문으로 들어가세요
= When you enter a classroom, if there is a class going on, go in through the back door, not the front door
```
33
souvenir
기념품
Examples:
미국에 가면 열쇠고리를 기념품으로 갖고 싶어요
= When I go to the US, I want to get a keychain as a souvenir
그가 저에게 기념품을 사 준다고 하면서 아무 것도 안 샀어요
= He said he would buy (and give) me a souvenir, but didn’t buy anything
미국 물가가 아주 비싸서 당신을 위해 산 유일한 기념품은 이 목걸이예요
= The price of goods in America is very expensive, so the only souvenir I bought for you is this necklace
우리 오빠는 나에게 잊지 말고 영국에서 유명한 기념품을 사서 한국에 보내 달라고 했다
= My brother told me not to forget to buy some famous souvenirs in England and send them to Korea
34
monument
기념비
Common Usages:
기념비를 세우다 = to erect a monument
Examples:
그 기념비가 아름답고 흥미로워요 = That monument is beautiful and interesting
그 사람의 죽음을 추모하기 위해 기념비를 세웠어요 = We erected a monument to mourn that person’s death
35
studies
학업
Examples:
학업을 진행하면서 직장도 다녀요 = As I progress/continue my studies, I also go to work
아이를 키우면서 학업을 계속하고 싶어요 = I want to continue my studies while I raise my baby
36
issue/matter
사안
Common Usages:
개인 사안 = personal issue/matter
Examples:
그 사안이 급하다고 하면서 그냥 앉아 있어요
= He said the matter is urgent, but is just sitting there
이번 사안은 매우 중요하기 때문에 투표를 해야 돼요
= This is a very important matter, so one must vote
37
doing something without permission
무단
Common Usages:
무단횡단 = crossing (the street) without permission (jaywalking)
무단주차 = parking a car without permission
Examples:
여기에 무단출입을 하면 벌점을 받아요
= Penalty assess for entering here without permission
무단횡단이 불법이며 적발 시 벌금을 내야 돼요
= Jaywalking is illegal, and/so if you are caught, you will have to pay a fine
38
the first half of the year
상반기
Examples:
이번 년도 상반기 이익이 벌써 작년 하반기보다 더 좋아요
= The profit of the first half of this year is already better than the second half of last year
우리 회사가 상반기에는 그 제품의 개발을 진행하며 하반기에는 판매를 시작할 거예요
= In the first half of the year, our company will proceed with the development with that product, and in the second half of the year, we will start selling it
39
the second half of the year
하반기
Examples:
그 영화가 내년 하반기에 출시될 예정이에요
= That movie is scheduled to be released in the second half of next year
이번 년도 상반기 이익이 작년 하반기 보다 좋아요
= The profit of the first half of this year is already better than the second half of last year
우리 회사가 상반기에는 그 제품의 개발을 진행하며 하반기에는 판매를 시작할 거예요
= In the first half of the year, our company will proceed with the development with that product, and in the second half of the year, we will start selling it
40
four seasons
사계절
Examples:
한국은 사계절이 있어요 = There are four seasons in Korea
한국이 사계절이 있으며 겨울이 매우 추워요
= In Korea, there are four seasons, and winters are very cold
지구 기온이 점점 오르면서 한국에서 사계절이 사라진대요
= As the global temperatures gradually increase, they say that the “four seasons” in Korea is disappearing
41
tourists
관광객
Examples:
명동은 항상 관광객들로 북적거려요
= Myeong-dong is always packed with tourists
전 세계에서 온 관광객들은 그 축제에 갔어요
= Tourists from all over the world went to that festival
관광객처럼 보이기 싫어서 저는 지도를 가방에 접어 넣었어요
= I don’t like looking like a tourist, so I folded up my map and put it in my bag
이 제품은 한국에서 매우 유명하며 이 제품을 사러 관광객들이 한국을 방문해요
= This product is very popular in Korea, and many tourists visit Korea to buy it
42
picture, image
영상
Common Usages:
동영상 = video (moving picture)
Examples:
이 행사에서 지난 10년의 성공을 기념하면서 이 영상을 보겠습니다
= At this event, we will commemorate the success of the last 10 years and watch this video
43
video
동영상
동영상을 찍어주면 안 돼요?
= Can you please take a video?
제가 그 동영상을 지금 다 편집하도록 하겠습니다
= I will finish editing the video now
학생들에게 암을 어떻게 방지하는지에 대한 동영상을 보여줄까 해요
= I am thinking about showing the students a video about how to prevent cancer
44
to change, to replace
갈다
Common Usages:
바퀴를 갈다 = to change a tire
기저귀를 갈다 = to change a diaper
(옷을) 갈아입다 = to change (one’s clothes)
Examples:
저는 2주에 한번씩 이불커버를 갈아요
= I change my blanket cover once every two weeks
오늘 동생이 기저기에 오줌을 싸서 기저기를 갈았어요
= Today, my younger sibling peed in his/her diaper, so I changed it
45
to grind, to sharpen
갈다
Common Usages:
칼을 갈다 = to sharpen a knife
땅콩을 갈다 = to grind peanuts
이를 갈다 = to grind one’s teeth
Examples:
칼을 오래 쓰려면 주기적으로 갈아줘야 해요
= If you use a knife for a long time, you should sharpen it periodically
나무젓가락을 만들기 위해 나무를 뾰족하게 갈았어요
= To make wooden chopsticks, they sharpened wood/trees to a point
46
to pinch
꼬집다
Examples:
동생이 너무 귀여워서 가끔씩 동생의 볼을 꼬집어요
= My younger sibling is so cute that sometimes I pinch his/her cheeks
남자친구가 미울 때 가끔 저는 남자친구를 꼬집어요
= When my boyfriend pisses me off I sometimes pinch him
47
to build up, to stack up
쌓다
```
Common Usages:
경력을 쌓다 = to build up work experience
실력을 쌓다 = to build one’s abilities
추억을 쌓다 = to make memories (literally, “for memories to be piled up”)
울타리를 쌓다 = to build/put up a fence
```
Examples:
다음 주에 부산에 가서 좋은 추억을 쌓으면서 재미있는 시간을 보내자
= Next week let’s go to Busan and spend some fun time while piling up good memories
나는 이제 3일 후에 영국으로 간다. 가서 좋은 추억 많이 쌓고 올 것이다
= Now, I am going to England in 3 days. I will go there, and then make of good memories and then return.
제가 그 3년 동안 경력을 많이 쌓아서 앞으로는 더 좋은 일자리를 구할 수 있어요
= During those three years, I built up a lot of work experience, so in the future I can get a better job
현재 나는 민호와 하루하루를 좋은 추억을 쌓으면서 행복하게 지내고 있다. 세상에 고백을 망설이고 있는 모든 사람들에게 말하고 싶다.
= Now, day after day I happily pass the time piling up good memories with Minho. I want to say something to everybody who hesitates in confessing (what they want to say)
48
to commemorate
기념하다
```
Common Usages:
기념품 = souvenir
기념비 = monument
기념일 = anniversary
결혼기념일 = wedding anniversary
```
Examples:
어버이날 기념으로 부모님을 위한 작은 선물을 구입했어요
= I purchased a small present for my parents to celebrate “Parent’s Day”
이 행사에서 지난 10년의 성공을 기념하면서 이 영상을 보겠습니다
= At this event, we will commemorate the success of the last 10 years and watch this video
49
to follow, to go after
뒤따르다
Examples:
강아지가 울타리를 뛰어 넘고 토끼를 뒤따라갔어요
= The puppy jumped over the fence and chased after the rabbit
우리가 거기에 가는 길을 몰라서 지도를 보면서 앞에 있는 차를 뒤따라가고 있어요
= We don’t know how to get there, so we are looking at a map while following the car in-front of us
50
to progress
진행하다
Common Usages:
행사를 진행하다 = to run an event
Examples:
그 일을 진행하면서 문제가 많이 생겼어요
= While doing (progressing with) that job, many problems came up
한국에서 보통 영어와 수학 수업은 수준별로 진행돼요
= In Korea, math and English classes are usually held/carried by (based on) level
이 자료를 철저히 검토하고 나서 모두들 준비가 되면 회의를 진행하겠습니다
= After everyone has reviewed the data thoroughly and is ready, we will proceed / continue with the meeting
51
to press, to oppress, to defeat
누르다
```
Common Usages:
억누르다 = to oppress
벨/종을 누르다 = to press a bell
버튼을/단추를 누르다 = to press a button
감정을 (억)누르다 = to suppress one’s emotions
```
Examples:
이 우산은 버튼을 누르면 펴져요
= This umbrella opens (unfolds) if you press the button
도움이 필요하면 이 벨을 누르면서 말씀하세요
= If you need help, speak out while pressing this button
주전자가 망가진 게 아니라 버튼을 안 눌러서 안된 거예요
= It is not that the kettle is broken, it doesn’t work because you didn’t press the button
나무 모양 버튼을 누르면 그 나무에 대한 정보가 나올 것이다
= If you press the tree-shaped button, you can hear information about that tree
52
to grow up
자라다
When a person does something for the majority of his/her childhood, we often use the phrase “I grew up doing” in English. For example:
I grew up playing hockey
I grew up listening to that type of music
Or simply, to indicate the location that you grew up, we would say:
To create these phrases in Korean, you can use the word “자라다” (to grow up) in combination with ~(으)면서. For example:
저는 하키를 하면서 자랐어요 = I grew up playing hockey
저는 아빠랑 같이 하키를 하면서 자랐어요 = I grew up playing hockey with my dad
저는 그런 음악을 들으면서 자랐어요 = I grew up listening to that type of music
53
to cross
횡단하다
Common Usages:
무단횡단 = crossing (the street) without permission (jaywalking)
Examples:
무단횡단이 불법이며 적발 시 벌금을 내야 돼요
= Jaywalking is illegal, and/so if you are caught, you will have to pay a fine
이 사람이 처음으로 4대륙을 횡단한 사람이에요
= This person is the first person to cross four continents
54
to sell
판매하다
Common Usages:
판매 중 = to currently be selling something (often used without the space)
Examples:
그 제품에 불량이 있어서 우리 회사가 판매를 중단해야 되었어요
= There is a problem (fault) with that product, so our company had to halt the sale of it
이 책을 복제해서 판매할 경우 법을 위반한 것으로 간주되어 벌금을 내야 합니다
= If you copy this book and sell it, it is considered breaking the law so you will pay a fine
우리 회사가 상반기에는 그 제품의 개발을 진행하며 하반기에는 판매를 시작할 거예요
= In the first half of the year, our company will proceed with the development with that product, and in the second half of the year, we will start selling it
55
to be stacked/build up
쌓이다
Examples:
눈이 길에 계속 쌓이면서 길이 점점 미끄러워져요
= As snow piles up (gradually) on the road, it gets more and more slippery
강가에는 도시에서 내려온 많은 쓰레기가 쌓여 있어요
= A great deal of garbage that had flowed down from the city was piled on the riverbank
일을 주말 내내 계속 해야 한다니 갑자기 스트레스가 쌓여요
= Being told I have to work all weekend creates a lot of stress
56
to be cloudy, hazy
흐리다
Common Usages:
물이 흐리다 = for water to be cloudy/murky
기억이 흐리다 = for one’s memory to be cloudy
날씨가 흐리다 = for the air to be muggy/cloudy
Examples:
오늘 날씨가 흐리면서 쌀쌀해요 = The weather today is cloudy and chilly
날이 흐릴수록 사람의 감정도 우울해져요 = As the days (weather) gets more cloudy, people (people’s emotions) also get gloomy
57
if caught
적발 시
Notes: This technically isn’t one word – but rather the word “적발” (the revealing of something hidden) and “시” (the time/event that something happens). You often see these two words together on signs indicating the ramifications “if caught” doing something against what is posted on the sign. Most times (even on official government signs), you will see 적발 and 시 attached to each other as if it is one word. This is a common sentence that you will see:
적발 시 10만원의 과태료가 부과됩니다 = If caught, a fine of 100,000 won will be imposed
Examples:
무단횡단이 불법이며 적발 시 벌금을 내야 돼요
= Jaywalking is against the law and apprehended violators will have to pay a fine
58
suddenly
문득
Examples:
길을 걷다 보니 문득 옛날 남자친구가 생각이 났어요
= As I walked the street, thoughts of an old boyfriend suddenly came to mind
옛날에 자주 듣던 노래를 듣다 보면 문득 그때로 돌아간 기분이에요
= As I listened to the song I’d often heard long ago, I suddenly felt as if I had returned to that time
59
booklet, leaflet, pamphlet, brochure
책자
Examples:
이 회사에서 주로 하는 일은 책자를 만드는 거예요
= The main work at this company is the making of pamphlets.
더 자세한 내용을 읽고 싶으면 이 책자에서 찾으면 돼요
= If you want more specific material/information, you can find it in this brochure
고객들이 그 정보를 쉽게 알아볼 수 있게 그 정보를 책자에 넣을 거예요
= In order for customers to easily find (find out) that information, we will put it (the information) on a pamphlet
60
wheel
바퀴
```
Common Usages:
바퀴를 갈다 = to change a wheel/tire
바퀴가 터지다 = for a tire to pop
바퀴에 바람을 넣다 = to put air into a tire
바퀴에 바람이 빠지다 = for air to get out of a tire
```
Examples:
비행기 바퀴가 땅에 닿자마자 승객들이 자리에서 일어났어요
= As soon as the plane’s wheels hit the ground, the passengers got out of their seats (stood up)
운전을 하다 보면 바퀴가 터질 수도 있으니 꼭 여분의 바퀴를 가지고 다니세요
= When you drive, it’s possible for a tire to pop, so you should always carry a spare tire with you
61
energy, vitality, vigor
기운
Common Usages:
기운이 없다 = to have no energy
기운을 내다 = to exert energy
기운이 떨어졌다 = for one’s energy to drop
Examples:
요즘에 기운이 너무 없어요 = These days, I have way too little energy
오늘 아침에 시간이 없어서 커피를 못 마셔서 기운이 없어요
= I don’t have any energy because I was out of time this morning, and couldn’t drink coffee
62
group
무리
63
identity
정체
Examples:
그 사람이 정체를 드러내고 싶지 않아요 = That person does not want to reveal his/her identity
죽은 그 사람의 정체를 알 길이 없어요 = There is no way of knowing that dead person’s identity
64
teacher
교원
Common Usages:
교원자격증 = teacher certification
Examples:
교원 모두에게 메시지를 보낼게요 = I will send a message to all of the teachers
저는 교원자격증을 따기 위해 매일 열심히 준비를 하고 있어요 = In order to get my teacher certification, I am preparing (studying) hard every day
65
murder
살인
Common Usages:
살인자 = murderer
살인범 = murderer
Examples:
그 남자가 살인 혐의로 체포되었어요
= That man was arrested on suspicion of murder
살인범이 그 사람을 죽인 데로 돌아왔어요
= The murderer returned to the place that he killed that person
살인범이 탈출하자마자 경찰관이 그를 찾아서 체포했어요
= As soon as the murderer escaped, the police caught him and arrested him
이 남자는 살인을 저지른 죄수로 곧 감옥에 수감될 예정입니다.
= This prisoner who committed murder will soon be locked up in a prison
경찰은 이 지역의 살인사건의 단서를 찾기 위해 지역주민들에게 협조를 구했다
= In order to find clues concerning the locality’s murder incident, police sought cooperation from local residents
66
murderer
살인자
Notes: 살인자 and 살인범 can both be used to refer to a murderer.
~자 (者) is often used after the noun form of a verb to denote a person who performs that action.
~범 (犯) is often used after the noun form of a verb to denote a person who commits that particular crime.
Examples:
이 교도소는 많은 살인자가 있는 곳으로 유명해요
= This prison is famous for having a lot of murders
살인자 박씨는 재판 후에 50년형을 선고 받고 감옥에 갔어요
= After the trial, the murderer, Mr. Park, received a 50-year sentence and went to prison
67
first come first served
선착순
Notes:
It is common to see 선착순 used on promotional flyers where a certain thing will be given to “the first X number of people” who apply for something. For example, you might see a flyer saying that they will give a 10,000 won coupon – but with the condition “선착순 50명” written on it.
Examples:
우리가 선착순 50명에게만 상품권을 줄 거예요
= We will give the gift certificate to only the first fifty people
내일 선착순으로 학교에서 도시락을 나눠 줄 예정이에요
= The plan is to pass out lunch boxes at school tomorrow on a first-come-first served basis
68
to exceed
초과하다
Common Usages:
초과근무 = overtime work
정원초과 = to have more people than the limit
Examples:
부치는 짐이 20kg를 초과하면 추가요금을 내야 해요
= If the baggage you are sending exceeds 20 kg, you will have to pay an additional fee
69
to make somebody cry
울리다
Examples:
가끔씩 아기의 우는 모습이 귀여워서 일부러 아기를 울릴 때가 있어요
= Sometimes the look of a baby crying is so cute that there are times where I purposely make the baby cry
초등학교 남자아이들은 좋아하는 여자아이가 있으면 꼭 그 아이를 울려요
= If an elementary school boy has a girl that he likes, they always make them cry
70
to approve
결재하다
Notes: It is very common (even for Korean people) to confuse the spelling of the words 결제하다 and 결재하다. 결재하다 is used to indicate that one approves of something. It is most commonly used in working environments where something needs to be “approved” before it is done. For example, you could say:
어제 올린 것이 결재되었어요? = Did the thing we uploaded yesterday get approved?
이 서류는 부장님이 확인 후 오늘 결재했어요 = After checking it, the boss approved this document
결제하다 is used when one pays for something. For example, if you are at a restaurant with your friends and you want to pay this time, you could say:
이번에는 제가 결제할게요 = I will pay this time
71
to trickle out of
흘러나오다
Examples:
흘러나오는 물을 막아 줄까? = Shall I block the water that is flowing out for you?
집주인이 물이 흘러나올까 봐 지붕을 수리했어요 = The landlord was worried that water would flow out, so he fixed up (repaired) the roof
72
to exchange
주고받다
Common Usages:
인사를 주고받다 = to exchange greetings
Examples:
제 생일에는 특별히 가족들과 선물을 주고받아요
= On my birthday, I exchange presents with my family (which is something particularly special/different)
친구가 멀리 이사를 가서 매주 편지를 주고받아요
= My friend moved far away, so I exchange letters with him every week
73
to hire
고용하다
Examples:
그 회사는 저를 고용했어요 = That company hired me
총리를 보조하는 사람이 없으니까 두 명 정도 고용해야 될 것 같아요
= There are no people to help the prime minister, so we probably need to hire about two people
74
to announce
공고하다
Examples:
이 서류를 복도에 일주일 동안 공고해 주세요
= Please put (which would allow the information to be announced to the public) this document in the hallway for one week
지원자를 모집한다고 공고했지만 아무도 지원하지 않았어요
= I announced that we would be recruiting applicants, but nobody applied
75
to act
연기하다
Examples:
저는 사람들 앞에서 연기하는 게 꿈이에요
= My dream is acting in-front of people
저는 가끔씩 남자친구를 놀리기 위해 연기를 해요
= Sometimes I act/pretend with my boyfriend to play/mess with him
76
to achieve or accomplish what one hoped for, to make, to merge
이루다
Notes: 이루다 has many meanings. It can be used to indicate that one “achieves” or “accomplishes” something. When used like this, it typically acts on nouns like “꿈” (dream), “목표” (goal) or other similar words. For example:
저는 열심히 공부해서 목표를 이뤘어요 = I studied hard and achieved my goal
그 사람은 10년 동안의 노력 끝에 꿈을 이뤘어요 = After ten years of efforts, that person achieved his dreams
In theory, it can also be used to indicate that something is made. For example:
저는 팀을 여자 세 명과 남자 세 명으로 이뤘어요
(I composed a team of three women and three men)
However, this type of sentence is more naturally said using the passive verb 이루어지다 instead of 이루다. Active sentences are usually more natural than passive ones, but not here. For example, this is more natural:
이 팀은 여자 세 명과 남자 세 명으로 이루어졌어요
= This team is comprised of three women and three men
77
to be comprised of
이루어지다
Notes: 이루어지다 is the passive form of 이루다 as shown above. As above, it can be used to indicate that some achievement or accomplishment “came to be.” For example:
하느님, 제발 제 소원이 이루어지게 도와주세요!
= God, please make it so that my wish comes true
As noted in the discussion of 이루다, 이루어지다 is commonly used to indicate what something is “comprised of.” For example:
물은 산소랑 수소로 이루어진다
= Water is made up of oxygen and hydrogen
이 팀은 여자 세 명과 남자 세 명으로 이루어졌어요
= This team is comprised of three women and three men
78
to be smashed into pieces
부서지다
Notes: Much like the difference between 떨어지다 and 떨어뜨리다, 부서지다 is used when something is smashed. 부서뜨리다 is used when one actively smashes something. For more information, see Lesson 105. For example:
내 핸드폰이 부서졌어 = My phone is/was smashed
나는 내 핸드폰을 부서뜨렸어 = I smashed my phone
Examples:
부서진 집을 같이 지을까요? = Shall we build the shattered house again?
집주인이 부서진 거울을 찾아낼까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that the landlord will find the shattered mirror
79
to be broken in half
부러지다
Notes: Much like the difference between 떨어지다 and 떨어뜨리다, 부러지다 is used when something is broken in half. 부러뜨리다 is used when one actively breaks something in half. For more information, see Lesson 105.
Examples:
부러진 조각상을 고칠 길이 없어요
= There is no way of fixing that broken statue
나이가 많을수록 넘어질 경우 뼈가 부러질 가능성이 커요
= As you get older, the possibility of falling and breaking a bone is high
80
to be risky, to be critical
위태롭다
Examples:
그 사람을 볼 때마다 위태로워 보여요
= Every time I look at that person, he looks to me like he is in need of help
그때 제 목숨은 심장수술로 인해 위태로웠어요
= At that time, my life was in a critical situation because of the heart surgery
81
to be rich
부유하다
Examples:
몇몇 사람들은 태어날 때부터 부유해요
= Some people are rich from when they are born
저는 복권에 당첨돼서 부유하게 살고 싶어요
= I want to win the lottery and live rich
82
to be cumbersome
번거롭다
Examples:
그 일이 쉽지만 아주 번거로워서 하기 싫어요
= That work/job/task is easy, but it is very tedious so I don’t like doing it
버스를 탈 때마다 버스카드를 챙기는 게 번거로워요
= It is cumbersome to bring your bus card every time you take the bus
83
a counter for a “sip,” “breath,” or “drag”
모금
Examples:
저는 평생 동안 담배를 한 모금도 안 피웠어요
= In my whole life, I haven’t even had one puff/drag of a cigarette
그 남자가 맥주 한 병을 한 모금에 다 마셨어요
= That man drank a whole beer bottle in one sip/gulp
84
physics
물리
Common Usages:
물리학 = physics as a field of study
Examples:
대학교에서 물리학을 공부할까 해요
= I am thinking about studying physics in University
그 학생은 물리의 기본도 이해하지 못해요
= That student doesn’t even understand basic physics
85
fountain
분수
Examples:
한 시간 있다가 광장에 있는 분수에서 만나자
= Let’s meet at the fountain in the square in an hour
그 분수가 물을 백 미터 높이로 쏠 수 있어요
= That fountain can shoot water one hundred meters (up)
86
cancer
암
```
Common Usages:
폐암 = lung cancer
간암 = liver cancer
피부암 = skin cancer
자궁암 = cervical cancer
```
Examples:
암에 관한 치료비는 이 보험에 포함되지 않아요
= Medical expenses related to cancer are not included in this insurance
학생들에게 암을 어떻게 방지하는지에 대한 동영상을 보여줄 거예요
= I will show the students a video about how to prevent cancer
암에 걸린 이유가 간접흡연 때문인지 오염 때문인 지 알 길이 없어요
= There is no way of knowing if the reason you caught cancer was because of second hand smoke, or because of pollution
그 여자가 어렸을 때 자주 일광욕을 했기 때문에 어쩔 수 없이 피부암이 생겼어요
(When she was younger, that girl often went sun-tanning, so she inevitably got skin cancer)
87
weather forecast
기상예보
Notes: This is technically two words and therefore should be a space between 기상 and 예보. However, it is common for technical words like this to be put together without a space to refer to a single idea. I included this as an entry in my vocabulary list because I feel that the combination “기상예보” is more important/common (for a Korean learner at this stage) than the individual words 기상 and 예보.
Examples:
기상예보에서 내일 기온이 20도까지 올라간다고 그랬어요
= The weather forecast said that the temperature will go up to 20 degrees tomorrow
단풍을 보러 밖에 나갈까 해서 기상예보를 확인할 거예요
= I am thinking of going outside to see the autumn leaves, so I’m going to check the weather forecast
88
drizzle
이슬비
Examples:
캐나다 사람들은 이슬비가 내려도 우산을 쓰지 않아요
= Even if it is drizzling, Canadian people don’t use umbrellas
오늘 밤에 이슬비가 내릴 예정이니 꼭 우산을 준비하세요
= It is expected/scheduled to drizzle tonight, so make sure you bring (prepare) your umbrella
89
trademark
상표
Common Usages:
상표를 등록하다 = to register a trademark
상표권 = trademark right
Examples:
이 제품에 상표를 등록할까 해요
= I’m thinking about registering a trademark for this item
그것을 팔기 전에 먼저 상표권을 받아야 돼요
= Before you sell that you need to (first) get a trademark
그 회사가 그 제품에 상표를 등록하지 않아서 다른 회사가 비슷한 제품을 만들었어요
= That company didn’t register a trademark for that item, so other companies made a similar product
90
fall foliage, autumn colors
단풍
Common Usages:
단풍나무 = maple tree
단풍놀이 = going out to see the autumn colors
Examples:
지금 9월이라서 곧 단풍이 많이 보이겠다
= It’s September now, so we will start seeing autumn colors soon
가을에는 단풍놀이를 가는 많은 사람들을 볼 수 있어요
= In the fall, you can see many people who go out to see the autumn colors
91
disaster
재해
Common Usages:
자연재해 = natural disaster
재해를 방지하다 = to prevent
재해를 대비하다 = to prepare for a disaster
Examples:
일 년에 재해방지훈련을 하는 횟수를 두 번에서 네 번으로 늘렸어요
= I raised the number of times we do disaster prevention training per year from two times to four times
재해를 대비하여 잘 안 상하는 식품을 조금씩 사기 시작하고 있어요
= To prepare for disaster, little by little I am starting to buy food products that don’t go bad easily
92
crime
범죄
```
Common Usages:
범죄학 = criminology
범죄자 = criminal
범죄율 = crime rate
범죄기록 = criminal record
범죄를 예방하다 = to prevent crime
범죄를 저지르다 = to commit crime
```
Examples:
범죄를 저지르면 감옥에 가야 돼요
= If you commit a crime, you need to go to prison
한국에 공공장소에는 대부분 범죄를 방지하기 위한 감시카메라가 설치되어 있어요
= In most public places in Korea, there are surveillance cameras installed to prevent most crimes
93
criminal
범죄자
Examples:
범죄자는 그의 실수를 인정했어요
= The criminal acknowledged his mistakes
경찰관들은 범죄자를 찾자마자 기소할 거예요
= As soon as the police find the criminal, they will prosecute him/her
경찰관들에게 제가 범죄자가 누구인지 안다고 했어요
= I told the police officers that I know who the criminal is
저의 돈을 훔치고 범죄자들은 어둠으로 사라졌어요
= The criminals disappeared into the darkness after stealing my money
94
measures, steps
대책
Common Usages:
대책을 세우다 = to set up measures
대책을 마련하다 = to prepare, set up measures
Examples:
모두들 이 문제에 대한 대책을 하나씩 생각해 오세요
= Everybody, each of you, think of a way/measure about (to solve) this problem and come (back)
사회문제에 대한 대책마련을 하지 않으면 결국 모두가 힘들어요
= If we don’t think of measures/steps (ways to better) societal problems, eventually it will be difficult for everybody
95
the number of times something is done
횟수
Notes: This word contains a 사이시옷. For information about this, see Lesson 131.
Examples:
운동을 한 횟수보다 중요한 건 운동의 질이에요
= More important than the number of times one exercises is the quality of exercise
일 년에 재해방지훈련을 하는 횟수를 두 번에서 네 번으로 늘렸어요
= I raised the number of times we do disaster prevention training per year from two times to four times
96
the day of
당일
Common Usages:
당일치기 = to travel somewhere and come back within one day
Examples:
예매를 안 하면 행사 당일에 표가 없을 거예요
= If you don’t purchase the tickets in advance, there won’t be any tickets on the day of the event
한국과 일본은 매우 가까워서 당일치기 여행을 할 수 있어요
= Korea and Japan are very close, so you can travel (there and back) in one day
우리가 부산에 도착하는 당일에 바다에서 수영할까 해서 아침 일찍 출발해야 돼요
= I am thinking about swimming in the ocean on the day we arrive in Busan, so we should leave early
97
eastern part
동부
Examples:
동부지방에는 새해 처음으로 눈이 내릴 예정이에요
= It is expected to snow for the first time in the new year in the eastern part/area
캐나다 동부가 유럽과 같으며 서부는 미국과 같아요
= The eastern part of Canada is similar to Europe, while the western part is similar to America
98
southern part
남부
Examples:
다음 3일 동안 한국 남부에 비가 올 거예요
= It will rain in the southern part of Korea for the next three days
대부분 관광지가 서울 남부 말고 북부에 있어요
= Most tourist attractions in Seoul are in the northern part, not the southern part
99
western part
서부
Examples:
대구 서부에 1박 2일로 여행할까 해요
= I am thinking about traveling in the west part of Daugu for one night and two days
캐나다 동부가 유럽과 같으며 서부는 미국과 같아요
= The eastern part of Canada is similar to Europe, while the western part is similar to America
100
northern part
북부
Examples:
대부분 관광지가 서울 남부 말고 북부에 있어요
= Most tourist attractions in Seoul are in the northern part, not the southern part
101
to prevent
방지하다
```
Common Usages:
화재를 방지하다 = to prevent fires
범죄를 방지하다 = to prevent crime
재해를 방지하다 = to prevent disaster
산불을 방지하다 = to prevent forest fires
```
Examples:
홍수를 방지하기 위한 회의가 열렸어요
= We had a meeting about/for preventing a flood
한국 정부는 교통사고를 방지하려고 노력하고 있어요
= The Korean government is trying to prevent traffic accidents
공항에서는 테러위험방지를 위해 경비가 다른 곳보다 삼엄해요
Security near airports is more strict to prevent against the dangers of terrorism
학생들에게 암을 어떻게 방지하는지에 대한 동영상을 보여줄까 봐요
= I am thinking about showing the students a video about how to prevent cancer
일 년에 재해방지훈련을 하는 횟수를 두 번에서 네 번으로 늘렸어요
= I raised the number of times we do disaster prevention training per year from two times to four times
한국에 공공장소에는 대부분 범죄를 방지하기 위한 감시카메라가 설치되어 있어요
= In most public places in Korea, there are surveillance cameras installed to prevent most crimes
102
to inhale
들이마시다
Common Usages:
숨을 들이마시다 = to inhale
Examples:
갑자기 어지러울 때는 숨을 천천히 들이마시세요
= When you feel dizzy all of a sudden, breathe in slowly
주사를 맞으면 아주 아파서 맞기 직전에 제가 항상 크게 숨을 들이마셔요
= When I get a needle, it hurts a lot so right before I get it, I always take a deep breath
103
to complete
완료하다
Notes: As a noun, 완료 is commonly used immediately after a task or job to indicate that it has been completed. One of the funniest text-messages I have ever sent in Korean included the word “완료” and I still remember it to this day. My wife sent me a message to tell me she had finally finished filing her taxes. At this time, we were about to get married, and she only had a few days of work left before she quit. Also, I call her a “bear” because she is cute like a bear. When she sent me the message telling me she finished her taxes, she simply said “세금신고 완료!” (tax reporting – finished!). I hilariously responded with:
세금신고 완료, 근무 완료, 미혼 완료, 베어 상태 유지
It is hard to translate this directly into English, but it would be something like:
Tax reporting – finished, Work – finished, Being single – finished, Being a bear – still ongoing
Examples:
작업을 완료할 수 없을까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that we won’t be able to finish the job
104
to change one’s name
개명하다
Examples:
딸의 이름을 민지로 개명할까 했어요
= I was thinking about changing the name of my daughter to 민지
어렸을 때 이름 때문에 놀림을 받은 사람들은 커서 보통 개명을 해요
= People who are made fun of because of their names usually change their names when they are older
105
to nominate, to designate
지명하다
Common Usages:
후계자를 지명하다 = to nominate/designate a successor
Examples:
그 선생님을 국제부장으로 지명할까 해요
= I am thinking of nominating that teacher as the boss for the international department
모든 나라가 국가별로 대표를 지명했어요
= Each country designated a representative separately
106
to be duplicated/overlapped
중복되다
Common Usages:
내용이 중복되다 = for contents to be overlapped
Examples:
제가 지금 읽고 있는 책과 전에 산 책의 많은 내용이 중복돼요
= This are a lot of contents that are duplicated in the book I am reading now with the book I bought before
```
제가 지금 듣는 수업과 그 수업에 중복되는 내용이 많아서 굳이 그 수업 둘 다 안 들어도 될 것 같아요
= The contents of the class I am taking now overlaps a lot with the contents of that class, so I probably don’t need to take both of them
```
107
dozens of/scores of
수십
Notes: I only introduce 수십 in this lesson, but there is also “수백” (hundreds of), 수천 (thousands of) and 수만 (tens of thousands of). All of these words are examples of “관형사” in Korean. This type of word is technically not an adjective (as it is not a word that can be conjugated), but is often placed before a noun to describe it. Another example of this type of word is 모든.
Examples:
수십 명의 사람들은 밖에서 기다리고 있어요
= There are dozens of people outside waiting
제가 당신을 사랑하는 이유는 수십 가지예요
= There are dozens (of types of) reasons why I love you
108
counter for nights
박
Common Usages
외박하다 = to sleep somewhere other than one’s house
Examples:
미국에 몇 박 있을 거예요?
= How many nights will you be/stay in America?
대구 서부에 1박 2일로 여행할까 해요
= I am thinking about traveling in the west part of Daugu for one night and two days
109
tiger
호랑이
Idiom:
호랑이도 제 말 하면 온다 = Speak of the devil
Examples:
호랑이가 들어올까 봐 벽을 만들었어요
= We made a wall because we were worried about the tiger coming in
아프리카 사막에서 호랑이랑 기린을 볼 수 있어요
= You can see tigers and giraffes in African deserts
110
historian
역사가
Examples:
그 박물관에 가면 전시물을 역사가가 직접 설명해줘서 더 많이 배울 수 있어요
= If you go to that museum, a historian will explain the display for you in person, so you can learn more.
```
제가 수업 시간 동안 가르칠 내용이 틀릴까 봐 역사가에게 맞는지 안 맞는지 물어봤어요
= I was worried that the contents that I will teach during class would be wrong, so I asked a historian if it is correct or not
```
111
landlord
집주인
Examples:
우리 집주인은 집 세 개를 가지고 있어요 = Our landlord owns three houses
집주인이 부서진 거울을 찾아낼까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that the landlord will find the shattered mirror
다음 달부터 우리 집주인이 관리비를 올릴 거예요
= Our landlord will raise the management fee starting next month
집주인이 물이 흘러나올까 봐 지붕을 수리했어요
= The landlord was worried that water would flow out, so he fixed up (repaired) the roof
112
refreshments
다과
다과상 = a table of refreshments
Examples:
다과가 부족할까 봐 걱정돼요 = I’m worried that there won’t be enough refreshments
오늘 파티에 간단한 다과를 준비할 거예요 = I am going to prepare some simple refreshments for today’s party
113
job, work, operations
작업
Notes: This word usually refers to a business that a person owns. Many words in Korean translate to “business” in English and are often confused with the word 사업. Some examples:
작업: usually used to refer to physical work/labor that one does, usually with his or her hands
업무: usually used to refer to administrative work that one does
영업: usually used to refer to business as it relates to buying and selling things
기업: usually used to refer to a company, often with other words placed before 기업 (대기업)
Common Usages:
작업을 걸다 = to hit on, to flirt with
Examples:
작업을 완료할 수 없을까 봐 걱정돼요 = I’m worried that we won’t be able to finish the job
오늘은 작업이 많아서 밤 늦게까지 일해야 돼요 = There is a lot of work to do today, so I will have to work until late at night
114
budget
예산
Examples:
새로운 예산이 사장한테 거절되었어요
= The new budget was rejected by the CEO
정부가 외국인 선생님 예산을 왜 줄이는지 모르겠어요
= I don’t know why the government is decreasing the budget for foreign teachers
정부가 예산을 줄여서 우리가 회사원 한 명을 거의 해고해야 할 뻔 했어요
= I almost had to fire an employee because the government cut the budget
저는 원래 계약을 연장하기로 했는데 회사가 예산이 없다고 해서 연장을 못 했어요
= I had originally intended to renew the contract, but the company said there was no budget, so I couldn’t extend it.
115
disinfectant
소독약
Examples:
소독약을 바르기 전에 우선 손을 깨끗이 씻어 주세요
= Before applying the disinfectant, please first wash your hands well (cleanly) for me
애기를 만지기 전에 손이 더러울까 봐 손을 소독약으로 씻었어요
= Before touching the baby, I was worried that my hands were dirty, so I washed them with disinfectant
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apparatus, appliance, utensils
기구
Common Usages:
운동기구 = exercise machines
놀이기구 = rides at an amusement park
Examples:
최초로 하늘을 나는 비행기구를 만든 사람들은 라이트형제예요
= The first people that made an airplane that flies in the sky were the Wright Brothers
이 놀이기구를 타고 싶은데 키 제한이 있어서 저는 못 탔어요
= I wanted to go on that ride, but because there was a height restriction, I couldn’t ride it
주방 기구가 주방에 들어갈 수 없을까 봐 그 기구의 가로와 세로를 측정했어요
= I was worried that the kitchen appliance couldn’t fit into the kitchen, so I measured (its) width and length
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roof
지붕
Examples:
집주인이 물이 흘러나올까 봐 지붕을 수리했어요
= The landlord was worried that water would flow out, so he fixed up (repaired) the roof
지붕 색깔이 너무 어두워서 엷은 하늘색깔로 칠했어요
= The ceiling color was too dark, so I painted it a pale sky color
118
corner, nook
한구석
Examples:
어머니를 생각할 때마다 마음 한구석이 아파요
= Every time I think of my mother, there is a corner of my heart that hurts
119
width
가로
Examples:
부피 대신에 가로만 재 보세요
= Instead of the volume, just measure the width
정사각형의 면적을 구하려면 가로와 세로를 곱하면 돼요
= In order to find the area of a square, you can multiply its length by its width
주방 기구가 주방에 들어갈 수 없을까 봐 그 가구의 가로와 세로를 측정했어요
= I was worried that the kitchen appliance couldn’t fit into the kitchen, so I measured (its) width and length
120
length
세로
Examples:
정사각형의 면적을 구하려면 가로와 세로를 곱하면 돼요
= In order to find the area of a square, you can multiply its length by its width
주방 기구가 주방에 들어갈 수 없을까 봐 그 가구의 가로와 세로를 측정했어요
= I was worried that the kitchen appliance couldn’t fit into the kitchen, so I measured (its) width and length
121
thesis
논문
Common Usages:
연구논문 = a research paper
Examples:
논문의 주제를 정하는 것이 제일 어려워요
= It is most difficult to choose the topic of your thesis
논문을 여름까지 끝낼 수 없을까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that I won’t finish my thesis by summer
논문을 쓰는 게 재미있지만 일이 너무 많아요
= Writing my thesis is fun, but there is a lot of work
122
gun
총
Common Usages:
총을 쏘다 = to fire a gun
Examples:
미국에서는 총을 가지고 있는 것은 합법이다 = It is legal to have a gun in America
경찰관이 저에게 총을 쏠까 봐 걱정됐어요 = I was worried that the police officer would shoot me
군인들은 눈을 감고 총을 쏠 수 있도록 훈련을 받았다 = The soldiers trained to the extent that they could shoot guns with their eyes closed
123
to find out, to discover
찾아내다
Notes: The meaning of 찾아내다 is very similar to simply using 찾다, but 찾아내다 is more likely to be used when looking for something that is difficult to find. Through this difficult search, the thing ends up being “revealed,” much like the meaning “to find out” would have in English.
Examples:
집주인이 부서진 거울을 찾아낼까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that the landlord will find the shattered mirror
오늘 밤까지 이 문제에 해결방안을 찾아내세요
= Find a solution to this problem by tonight
일주일 내내 찾아 다녀서 결국 친구를 찾아냈어요
= We finally found our friend after looking for a week straight
124
to shoot, to sting
쏘다
Common Usages:
총을 쏘다 = to shoot a gun
Examples:
벌이 사람을 쏘면 바로 죽어요
= If a bee stings a person, it dies immediately
군인들은 눈을 감고 총을 쏠 수 있도록 훈련을 받았다
= The soldiers trained to the extent that they could shoot guns with their eyes closed
125
to distract
방해하다
Examples:
친구가 일부러 제가 숙제를 못하게 방해했어요
= My friend deliberately distracted me from doing my homework
밖에서 공사하는 것이 시험을 보는 학생들을 방해하고 있어요
= The construction outside is disturbing the students taking the exam
126
to disinfect
소독하다
Common Usages:
소독약 = disinfectant
Examples:
손을 더러울까 봐 소독했어요
= I was worried that my hands were dirty, so I disinfected them
소독약으로 이 부위를 천천히 소독해 주세요
= Please slowly disinfect this area
127
to be great, huge, tremendous
대단하다
Notes: This word is very commonly said by itself when somebody sees something spectacular. For example, saying “대단하다!” would be similar to saying “wow!” in English.
Examples:
이 문제를 한번에 풀다니 정말 대단하다!
= You solving this problem on this first try is really amazing!
우리 부모님은 힘든 상황에서도 저를 잘 키워주셔서 대단해요
= It’s amazing that our parents raised me so well despite their difficult situation
128
to be colorful, fancy, splendid
화려하다
Examples:
저는 화려한 화장을 하는 것을 좋아해요
= I like putting on bright/colorful makeup
결혼식에서 이 셔츠가 너무 이상해 보일까 봐 화려한 것을 입었어요
= I was worried that this shirt would look too weird at the wedding, so I put on a more colorful/fancy one
129
to be light (in shade)
엷다
Examples:
이 색이 저 색보다 색깔이 더 엷어요
= This color is lighter than that color
지붕 색깔이 너무 어두워서 엷은 하늘색깔로 칠했어요
= The ceiling color was too dark, so I painted it a pale sky color
130
to be rude
무례하다
Examples:
처음 본 사람에게 인사를 건네지 않는 것은 무례해요
= It is rude to not greet somebody that you see (meet) for the first time
그 사람이 내가 무례하다고 생각할까 봐 그에게 사과했어요
= I was worried that that person would think I am rude, so I apologized to him
131
a long time before
오래 전
Common Usages:
오래 전부터 = from a long time ago
Examples:
오래 전부터 저는 커피를 좋아했어요
= I’ve liked coffee from/since a long time ago
오랜만에 오래 전에 만난 친구를 만나서 술 한잔 했어요
= I had a glass of alcohol for a friend that I hadn’t met for a long time
