Vocab Units 29-32 Flashcards
1
Q
delivery
A
택배
Common Usages:
택배로 보내다 = to send something via delivery
Examples:
택배가 언제 올지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know when the delivery will come
2
Q
price
A
가격
Common Usages: 가격표 = price tag 가격을 내리다/인하하다 = to lower prices 가격을 올리다/인상하다 = to raise prices 가격을 깎다 = to cut prices 가격을 비교하다 = to compare prices
Examples:
가격을 확인해보자 = Let’s check the price
이 뷔페가격은 음료수를 포함한 가격이에요 = This buffet price includes drinks
이 셔츠에 가격표가 없기 때문에 얼마인지 몰라요 = I don’t know how much this shirt is because there is no price tag
3
Q
allowance
A
용돈
Common Usages:
용돈을 주다/받다 = to give/receive allowance
용돈이 떨어지다 = for one’s allowance to run out
Examples:
용돈을 얼마나 줘야 줄지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know how much allowance I should give
저는 제 친구용돈의 ½(반)만큼 받아요 = I get half the amount of allowance as my friend
4
Q
a light
A
빛
Notes: This word refers to the actual noun of light – as in, the (usually) invisible light that shines. This word is not used to refer to the thing that emits light (which we also refer to as a “light” in English). The word for a “light” that emits light would be “불” or “조명”
Common Usages:
햇빛 = sun light
달빛 = moonlight
빛을 발하다/내다 = to emit light
Examples:
이 빛이 충분히 밝은지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if this light is bright enough
빛의 색깔은 주파수에 달려 있어요 = The color of light is different depending on the wavelength
햇빛이 너무 세서 로션을 바르세요 = Put some lotion on because the sunlight is really strong
5
Q
poet
A
시인
Examples:
저는 시인이 되려고 노력하고 있어요= I am trying to become a poet
그 사람은 유명한 시인이에요 = That person is a famous poet
6
Q
group
A
그룹
Examples:
각 그룹마다 다른 곳에 가서 그 지역의 특산물을 먹을 거예요
= Each group will go to a different place and eat that area’s specialty (food)
선생님은 학생들을 작은 그룹으로 나눠서 교재를 주었어요
= The teacher separated the students into small groups and gave out teaching materials
7
Q
fare, price
A
요금
Common Usages:
전기요금청구서 = electricity bill
기본요금 = basic fare
요금을 내다 = to pay a fare
Examples:
요금을 어떻게 내요? = How can I pay the fare?
버스 요금이 다음 달에 100원으로 내릴 거예요 = The bus fare will decrease by 100 won next month
8
Q
position, location
A
위치
Common Usages:
현위치 = current location (usually on a map to say “YOU ARE HERE”)
Examples:
너(의) 위치가 어디야? = Where are you?
그 학교의 위치가 안 좋아요 = The location of that school isn’t good
제가 그 가게에 가고 싶은 이유는 싼 가격 때문이 아니라 위치가 가깝기 때문이에요
= The reason I want to go to that store isn’t because of the cheap prices but because it is close by
9
Q
the coast
A
해안
Notes: 해안 usually refers to the general area near the coast, whereas 해변 usually refers to the beach.
Common Usages:
해안(도)로 = a coastal road
Examples:
해안까지 어떻게 가는지 물어봤어요 = I asked how to get to the beach/coast
바람은 해안에서 제일 세게 불어요 = The wind blows strongest at the coast
저는 이번 연휴에 해안에 갈 거예요 = I am going to go to the coast for this vacation/long weekend
10
Q
family
A
가정
Notes:
가족 is usually used when referring to the members of the family, but 가정 is more about the family as a whole and the interconnected relationships that make up the family. A good example is how it is used in the word 가정파괴자 (or 가정파괴범). This refers to the person who “broke” the family (a home-wrecker, I guess). Here, the home-wrecker didn’t break the individual members of the family, but broke the family as a whole and the relationships within it.
Examples:
슬기는 행복한 가정에서 자랐어요 = Seulgi grew up in a happy family
11
Q
materials, ingredients
A
재료
Common Usages:
재료비 = the cost of materials/ingredients
재료가 신선하다 = for the ingredients to be fresh
Examples:
재료를 어떻게 섞어요? = How can I mix the ingredients?
음식을 좀 만들게 재료를 사와 = Buy some ingredients so that I can make some food
엄마가 무슨 재료를 쓰고 있는지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know what ingredients mom is using
선생님이 내일부터 실험을 할 건데 재료가 뭐 필요해요?
= You are going to be doing an experiment starting from tomorrow what (ingredients) do you need?
사람들이 김치를 만드는 데 많은 재료가 필요해요
= For people to make kimchi, a lot of ingredients are needed
12
Q
freedom
A
자유
자유롭다 = to be free 자유형 = freestyle (for example, in swimming) 자유인 = a free person
Examples:
3년 동안 저의 자유가 뺏겼었어요 = My freedom had been taken away for 3 years
한국 고등학생들은 자유가 전혀 없습니다 = Korean high school students don’t have freedom at all
딸을 키우면 제일 중요한 것은 딸한테 자유를 주는 것이에요 = If you have a daughter, the most important thing is to give
13
Q
responsibility
A
책임
Common Usages:
책임자 = the person responsible (the person in charge)
책임감 = the feeling of responsibility
책임을 맡다 = to take the responsibility of something
책임을 맡기다 = to give responsibility to someone
Examples:
그것은 저의 책임이 아니에요 = That is not my responsibility
회사에 저는 책임이 너무 많습니다 = I have too much responsibility at my company
저는 이 부의 책임자와 얘기하고 싶어요 = I want to speak with the person in charge of this department
14
Q
entrance, way in
A
입구
Notes: It is common to refer to the subway station (or general area) of a university by the university name (or sometimes the first syllable of the University name) followed by “~입구.” For example:
홍대입구역 = Hongdae Univesity Station 건대입구역 = Konkuk University Station 서울대입구역 = Seoul National University Station
Common Usages:
출입구 = entrance and exit
비상출입구 = emergency exit/entrance
Examples:
입구가 멀기 때문에 다른 곳으로 갈 거예요
= I’m going to go to another place because the entrance is too far
모든 영화관에는 비상상황을 대비해 다섯 개 이상의 입구가 있어야 해요
= In every movie theatre, to prepare for an emergency situation, there must be more than five exits/entrances
사람들이 대통령이 그 건물에 계시는 것을 알아서 그 건물 입구에 다가갔어요
= People knew that the president is in that building, so they approached the entrance
하지만 펭귄이 있는 곳은 동물원 입구에서 멀다고 하니 아빠와 나는 우선 다른 동물들을 먼저 봤다 =
But (because) the place the penguins are was said to be far from the zoo entrance, so Dad and I saw other animals first
15
Q
exit , way out
A
출구
Notes: As this word refers to the exit of places, it is used to designate the specific exit numbers of subway stations in Korean. For example:
2번 출구 = Exit 2
3번 출구 = Exit 3
Common Usages:
비상탈출구 = emergency exit
Examples:
사당역 4번 출구에서 만나자 = Let’s meet at exit four of Sadang station
비상출구를 찾아 볼 거예요 = I will (try to) look for the emergency exit
16
Q
enter and exit
A
출입
Notes: 출입 refers to both actions of entering and exiting a place (like a building or a door or something like that). As a noun, it is often found before another noun describing that something is related to ‘entering and exiting.’ For example:
출입구 = doorway, place where one can exit/enter 출입문 = doorway, place where one can exit/enter 출입국사무소 = immigration office (the office of entering and exiting the country)
It is also commonly used before ‘금지’ to have a meaning similar to “do not enter.”
출입 금지 = do not enter
As a verb, it refers to the action of entering and exiting. For example:
여기에 출입하고 싶으면 회원카드를 보여줘야 돼요 = If you want to enter (and eventually exit), you need to show your
17
Q
surgery, operation
A
수술
Common Usages:
수술을 받다 = to get surgery
성형수술 = plastic surgery
Examples:
수술을 받으러 서울에 갔어요 = I went to Seoul to get surgery
수술을 받을지 확실하지 않아요 = It is not certain if I will get surgery
어제 한 수술 때문에 저의 몸 전체가 너무 아파요
= Because of the surgery I had yesterday, my entire body is sore
그 수술을 받았을 때 저의 엄마는 저를 걱정했어요
= When I got that surgery, my mom was worried about me
18
Q
training
A
훈련
Common Usages:
훈련을 받다 = to get/receive training
화재대피훈련 = a fire drill
훈련시키다 = to train
Examples:
군인들은 눈을 감고 총을 쏠 수 있도록 훈련을 받았다 = The soldiers trained to the extent that they could shoot guns with their eyes closed
19
Q
emergency
A
비상
Notes: This word is usually used before some other noun to indicate that it is some sort of “emergency” version of that noun.
Common Usages: 비상시 = a time of emergency 비상구 = emergency door 비상문 = emergency door 비상탈출구 = emergency exit 비상사태 = state of emergency
Examples:
비상출입구가 어디 있는지 찾았어요 = We found where the emergency exit is
비상시에 문을 양쪽으로 열 수 있습니다 = In a time of emergency, you can open the door both ways
지진이 생긴 후에 네팔 전국은 비상 사태였어요 = After the earthquake, the whole country of Nepal was in a state of emergency
20
Q
steps, stairs, staircase
A
계단
Common Usages:
계단을 올라가다/올라오다 = to go/come up stairs
계단을 내려가다/내려오다 = to go/come down stairs
Examples:
예쁜 신부는 계단에서 내려왔어요 = The beautiful bride came down the stairs
달리기를 너무 많이 해서 계단을 올라갈 수 없어요 = I ran too much, so I can’t go up the stairs
계단을 내려가다가 넘어졌어요 = I fell while going down the stairs
21
Q
tradition, culture, heritage
A
전통
Common Usages: 전통 과자 = traditional candy 전통 음식 = traditional food 전통 가옥 = a traditional house 전통을 전하다 = to hand down tradition
Examples:
우리가 한국 전통 결혼식을 할 거예요 = We will have a traditional Korean wedding
그 농부가 쌀을 전통적인 방법으로 재배해요 = The farmer uses a traditional method to cultivate rice
친구가 한국에 오면 전통 음식을 먹고 싶대요 = My friend said that he wants to eat traditional Korean food when he comes
22
Q
a subway line
A
호선
Notes: A number is usually placed before 호선 to indicate a specific line of the subway. For example:
1호선 = line 1
2호선 = line 2
Examples:
2호선은 서울 도심 주위를 돌아요 = Line 2 circles around the downtown of Seoul
거기에 가려면 동대문역에서 4호선으로 갈아타면 돼요 = If you want to go there, you should transfer to line 4 at Dongdaemun station
23
Q
a period of time
A
기간
Common Usages:
보증기간 = warranty period
준비기간 = preparation period
유통기간 = expiration period (expiration date)
계약기간 = the period of a contract
접수기간 = application period (the period where we will be accepting applications)
Examples:
유통기간은 언제까지예요? = How long until the expiration date?
그 기간에 애기들이 언어를 배우는 것이 아주 중요해요
= That period is very important for babies to learn a language
여행을 가기 전까지 3일이 남아서 나는 그 기간을 어떻게 보낼지 생각해봤다
= Only three days remained until we were going traveling, therefore I thought about how I will spend my time during that period
24
Q
detailed, specific
A
구체적
Examples:
너의 목표는 너무 구체적이야 = Your goals are too specific
이 단어를 언제 쓸 수 있는지 구체적인 상황을 설명해 주세요 = Can you give me a specific situation when you would use this word?
25
to take out, to remove something
꺼내다
Common Usages:
지갑에서 돈을 꺼내다 = to take out money from a purse/wallet
말/이야기/주제를 꺼내다 = to bring something up (in conversation)
Examples:
치킨을 냉장고에서 꺼내 주세요 = Please take the chicken out of the fridge for me
그 주제를 부장님이랑 얘기했을 때 그 주제를 꺼내고 싶지 않았어요
= When I was talking with the boss, I didn’t want to bring up that subject
산티아고는 가게 앞 길가에 쭈그리고 앉아 배낭에서 책 한 권을 꺼내 들었다
= Santiago sat/squatted in-front of the store and pulled a book out of his bag.
아빠가 엄마가 싸 준 도시락을 가방에서 꺼내 우리는 맛있게 먹었다
= Dad pulled the lunch box that mom packed out of the bag, and we (deliciously) ate lunch
26
to convey, to deliver
전하다
Common Usages:
전해오다 = to pass down
Notes: This word can be used when handing something from one person to another. When used like this, the translation of “deliver” is usually appropriate. For example:
그 용돈을 아이에게 전해 주세요 = Please give/hand/deliver this allowance/money to the child
It is also used for “words” that are handed from one person to another. When used like this, the translation of “convey” is usually appropriate. For example:
그가 저에게 무슨 말을 전했는지 기억이 안 나요
= I don’t remember what that person told (conveyed to) me
거실을 깨끗하게 정리하고 엄마한테 진심으로 감사하다는 말을 전했다
= We organized the living room (cleanly), and thanked mom from the bottom of our hearts
27
to set
정하다
```
Common Usages:
날짜를 정하다 = to set a date
가격을 정하다 = to set a price
장소를 정하다 = to set a location
목표를 정하다 = to set a goal
```
Examples:
우리가 이것을 언제 정했는지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know when we set it
우리는 결혼식 날짜를 아직 안 정했어요 = We still haven’t set a date for the wedding
아일랜드에 오기 전에 중국에 간 적이 있었는데, 그때는 모든 일정이 정해져 있는 패키지 여행이었다 = I had been to China before coming to Ireland, but at that time, it was a travel package tour where the schedule was set
28
to reduce, to decrease
줄이다
The passive form of this word is “줄다” (to be reduced/decreased)
Common Usages:
크기를 줄이다 = reduce the size of something
규모를 줄이다 = to reduce the scale of something
양을 줄이다 = to reduce the amount of something
Examples:
정부가 외국인 선생님 예산을 왜 줄이는지 모르겠어요
= I don’t know why the government is decreasing the budget for foreign teachers
정부가 예산을 줄여서 우리가 회사원 한 명을 거의 해고해야 할 뻔 했어요
= We almost had to fire an employee because the government cut the budget
29
to bring a person (coming)
데려오다
Notes: 데려가다 is also possible. It all depends on the relative location of the speaker and if the acting agent in the sentence is coming or going. For example:
저는 집에 친구를 데려갈 거예요 = I will bring a friend home
(“I” would have to be in a location other than “home” when this is said)
저는 집에 친구를 데려올 거예요 = I will bring a friend home
(“I” would have to be at “home” when this is said)
Examples:
그 사람을 왜 데려오는지 물어봤어요 = I asked him why he is bringing that person
그 예쁜 여자도 데려오면 안 돼요? = Can’t you please also bring that pretty girl?
30
to bring a person (going)
데려가다
Notes: 데려오다 is also possible. It all depends on the relative location of the speaker and if the acting agent in the sentence is coming or going. For example:
저는 집에 친구를 데려갈 거예요 = I will bring a friend home
(“I” would have to be in a location other than “home” when this is said)
저는 집에 친구를 데려올 거예요 = I will bring a friend home
(“I” would have to be at “home” when this is said)
Examples:
친구를 데려가도 돼요? = Is it okay if I bring a friend?
31
to obstruct, to block
막다
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “막따”
The passive form of this word is 막히다 (to be obstructed/blocked)
Common Usages:
귀를 막다 = to cover/block one’s ears
출입구를 막다 = to block the door/entrance/exit
막다 can be used when “blocking” a space, for example:
그 차가 길을 막고 있어요 = That car is blocking the street
It can also be used when “blocking” an object, for example:
물을 어떻게 막는지 알아요? = Do you know how to block the water?
32
to allow, to permit
허락하다
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “허라카다”
The noun form of this word “허락” translates to “permission”
Common Usages:
허락을 청하다 = to ask for permission
허락을 받다 = to receive permission
Examples:
학생이 교무실에 허락 없이 들어갔어요 = The student went into the office without permission
보무님은 제가 12시까지 밖에 있는 것을 허락해 주셨어 = My parents let me stay out until 12:00
33
to throw away
버리다
Notes: ~아/어 버리다 is added to some verbs to express the emotion that something was done and “thrown away” at the same time. The emotion is as if something was “thrown away” or done without any real thinking of the consequences. Some quick examples:
끄다= to turn off
꺼 버리다= to turn off (with that added emotion)
가다= to go
가 버리다= to go (with that added emotion)
```
잊다= to forget
잊어버리다= to forget (with that added emotion)
```
Examples:
그 셔츠를 언제 버렸는지 기억이 안 나요 = I don’t remember when I threw away that shirt
쓰레기를 갖다 버리세요 = Go (with the garbage in your hand) and throw it out
오늘 새로운 복사기가 올 거라서 이 오래된 것을 버려야 돼요 = The new photocopier will come today, so we have to throw out this old one
34
to forget
잊어버리다
Notes: This is a combination of the word 잊다 with ~아/어버리다 added for the emotion that something was “thrown out”
Examples:
열쇠를 어디 두었는지 잊어버렸어요 = I forgot where I put my keys
친구 이름을 잊어버려서는 안 돼요 = You shouldn’t forget your friend’s name
그 전 여자 친구를 잊어버리려면 그녀가 전화할 때마다 무시하세요 = If you intend to forget that previous girlfriend, ignore all of her calls
35
to earn
벌다
Examples:
그게 아니라 저는 돈을 벌어야 돼요 = It’s not that, I just need to earn money
배우들은 돈을 많이 벌어요 = Actors earn a lot of money
그때 돈을 얼마나 벌었어요? = How much money did you earn at that time?
36
to raise (a child, pet), to cultivate (a plant)
기르다
```
Common Usages:
강아지를 기르다 = to raise a puppy
아이를 기르다 = to raise a child
야채를 기르다 = to cultivate (plant and then grow) vegetables
수염을 기르다 = to grow a beard
```
Examples:
제가 강아지를 기르고 싶은지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if I want to raise a puppy
아이를 기르는 것이 매우 힘든 거예요 = Raising a child is a very difficult thing
37
to act carefully
조심하다
Common Usages:
조심하세요! = Be careful!
조심히 가요! = Go carefully! (often said to people when they leave somewhere)
Examples:
뛰다가 조심하지 않았으면 넘어졌을 거예요
= If I wasn’t careful when I was running, I would have fallen
할아버지가 연세가 많으셔서 밖에 나가시면 조심하셔야 됩니다
= Grandpa is old, so when he goes outside, he should be careful
38
to manage, to administer
관리하다
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “괄리하다”
The noun form of this word “관리” translates to “management/administration”
Common Usages:
관리비 = management fees
관리자 = manager/administrator
Examples:
이 일을 관리할 수 있는 사람을 구해야 돼요 = I need to find/hire a person to manage this work
우리 아파트 관리비가 한 달에 100,000 원이에요 = The management fee for our apartment is 100,000 won per month (for one month)
39
to treat, to cure
치료하다
The noun form of this word (“치료”) translates to “treatment”
```
Common Usages:
치료비 = medical fees
병을 치료하다 = to treat a disease
치료를 받다 = to receive treatment
마음을 치료하다 = to cure one’s mind
```
Examples:
이 독을 마시면 치료할 수 없어요 = If you drink this poison, you cannot cure/treat it
상처를 치료를 했지만 아직 고통이 있어요 = I treated my wound, but there is still pain
수술을 받을지 그냥 약으로 치료할지 확실하지 않아요
= It is not certain if I will get surgery or just treat it with medicine
이 병이 나빠지는 것에 대해 많이 걱정해야 하는 정도는 아니지만 오늘부터 치료를 시작해야 됩니다
= The disease/sickness getting worse isn’t (to the extent that it is) something you need to worry about it, but we need to start treatment (from) today
이번 여행을 통해서 영국에서 내가 보고 싶었던 런던 구경도 하고, 해리포터 촬영지도 보고 마음을 치료하고 올 것이다. 오늘 하루 여행 준비를 하면서 너무 피곤했다.
= From this travel, in England, I will sightsee around the places I want to see in London, and also see the filming location of Harry Potter – (which will), and then cure my mind (re-charge myself) and then return. Today I was very tired because (while) I planned for my trip.
40
to break up with a person
헤어지다
Common Usages:
여자/남자 친구와 헤어지다 = to break up with one’s boy/girlfriend
Examples:
저의 여자 친구는 저랑 헤어졌어요 = My girlfriend broke up with me
남자친구랑 내일 헤어져야겠다 = I guess I should break up with my boyfriend tomorrow
너를 좋아하지 않았으니까 헤어졌어 = I broke up with you because I didn’t like you
41
to be reduced, to be decreased
줄다
Translation: to be decreased, to be reduced
The active form of this word is “줄이다” (to decrease/reduce)
Examples:
회사가 돈이 없어서 월급이 줄었어요
= My company doesn’t have any more, so my (monthly) paycheque decreased
속도제한이 줄었으므로 운전을 하실 때 그 새로운 속도제한을 지키기 바랍니다
= The speed limit decreased, so when you drive, please make sure you follow the new speed limit
42
to be broken, cracked, smashed
깨지다
Notes: This word is used when something is already broken. The verb used when a person breaks/cracks/smashes something is 깨뜨리다.
깨지다 can also be used when a relationship with somebody is broken
Common Usages:
유리가 깨지다 = for glass to be broken
접시가 깨지다 = for a plate to be broken
남자/여자 친구랑 깨지다 = to be broken up with a boy/girlfriend
Examples:
저는 어제 남자 친구랑 깨졌어요 = I broke up with my boyfriend yesterday
이 병이 깨지기 쉬워서 조심하세요 = Be careful because this bottle breaks easily
43
to be chilly
쌀쌀하다
Common Usages:
쌀쌀한 날씨 = chilly weather
Examples:
내일 날씨가 쌀쌀할지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if tomorrow’s weather will be chilly
오늘 날씨가 쌀쌀하니까 따뜻한 신발을 신었어요 = The weather is chilly today, so I put on warm shoes
44
to be bright
밝다
The verb form of this word (“밝히다”) translates to “to lighten something”
Common Usages:
귀가 밝다 = for one’s hearing to be good
눈이 밝다 = for one’s eyesight to be good
성격이 밝다 = to one’s personality to be bright (bubbly)
미래가 밝다 = for one’s future to be bright (promising)
Examples: 이 빛이 충분히 밝은지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if this light is bright enough
역시 내 친구는 언제 봐도 항상 밝다 = My friend, regardless of when I see her, always looks good/bright
슬기가 사업을 해서 미래가 밝겠다 = Seulgi’s future is promising because she has a business
45
to be thirsty
목마르다
The pronunciation of this word is closer to “몽마르다”
Notes: This literally translates to “for one’s throat to be dry.”
Examples:
목이 말라서 물을 갖다 주세요 = I’m thirsty, so please get me some water (and give it to me)
46
smile
미소
Common Usages:
미소를 짓다 = to smile
Examples:
그 여자의 미소가 예뻐요 = That girl’s smile is pretty
그 학생은 미소를 지을 뿐 아무 말도 하지 않았어요 = That student just smiled and didn’t say anything
47
delivery
배달
Common Usages:
무료 배달 = free delivery
배달시키다 = to get something ordered to come to you (for example, a food delivery)
Examples:
배달이 아직 안 왔어요 = The delivery hasn’t arrived/come yet
그 웹사이트로 사면 무료 배달을 받을 수 있어요 = If you buy through that site, you can receive free shipping
48
ring
반지
Common Usages:
반지를 끼다 = to put on/wear a ring
반지를 끼고 다니다 = to wear a ring while doing something (walking around)
Examples:
저는 반지를 박스 안에 숨겼어요 = I hid the ring in a box
반지를 사려고 두 달 동안 돈을 안 썼어요 = In order to buy a ring, I didn’t spend money for two months
저는 돈이 없어서 그 반지를 살 수 없어요 = I can’t buy that ring because I don’t have money
네가 설마 여자 친구한테 반지 없이 프러포즈를 했어? = Surely you didn’t propose to your girlfriend without a ring?
49
lips
입술
Common Usages:
입술을 깨물다 = to bite one’s lips (to hold something that you want to say back)
입술에 키스하다 = to kiss on the lips
Examples:
그는 제 입술에 자기 입술을 댔어요 = He put his lips against mine
그 여자가 입술에 빨간 립스틱을 진하게 발랐어요 = That girl put a lot of (thickly) red lipstick on her lips
50
art
미술
Common Usages:
미술수업 = art class
미술(작)품 = work of art
미술계 = the art world
Examples:
우리 회장은 유럽 미술품을 수집해요 = Our CEO collects European art
우리는 미술 수업 시간 동안 여러 가지의 작품을 만들어요 = We make many different types of works in art class
51
necklace
목걸이
Notes: “~걸이” is usually attached to a noun to indicate that it is a rack that you can hang a particular object onto. For example, a “수건걸이” would be some kind of towel rack.
However, the words 목걸이 and 귀걸이 don’t describe the rack that you can hang an object onto. Rather, they describe the objects that are being hung.
Common Usages:
목걸이를 풀다 = to untie/take off a necklace
목걸이를 하다 = to wear a necklace
Examples:
여자가 집에 도착하고 목걸이를 풀었어요 = The girl arrived home and unhooked her necklace
우리 엄마의 목에 빤짝빤짝 목걸이가 항상 걸려 있어요 = There is always a shiny necklace hanging around our mother’s
52
earrings
귀걸이
Notes: “~걸이” is usually attached to a noun to indicate that it is a rack that you can hang a particular object onto. For example, a “수건걸이” would be some kind of towel rack.
However, the words 목걸이 and 귀걸이 don’t describe the rack that you can hang an object onto. Rather, they describe the objects that are being hung.
The word 귀고리 is also acceptable. “고리” by itself refers to some kind of metal that is bent into a circle (or similar shape). Another example would be 열쇠고리 (a key-chain). In theory, “귀걸이” refers to an earring that is long and dangling and “귀고리” refers to an earring that is in the shape of a hoop. However, the majority of Korean people would not be aware of this.
Common Usages:
귀걸이를 풀다 = to untie/take off an earring
귀걸이를 하다 = to wear an earring
Examples:
계단을 올라가다가 귀걸이가 떨어졌어요 = My earing(s) fell out while walking up the stairs
53
bathing suit
수영복
Common Usages:
수영복으로 갈아입다 = to change into a bathing suit
수영복을 입다 = to put on a bathing suit
Examples:
바다에 들어가기 전에 수영복으로 갈아입어야 돼요= before I go in the ocean, I need to change into my bathing suit
54
snacks
간식
Common Usages:
간식을 먹다 = to have a snack
Examples:
우리는 각 반을 위해 간식을 준비했어요 = We prepared a snack for each class
피자를 다 먹고 나는 엄마에게 줄 간식을 사서 집에 갔다 = After eating all the pizza, I bought snacks to give to Mom, and went home
55
goal
목표
Common Usages:
목표를 달성하다/이루다 = to achieve a goal
목표를 세우다 = to set a goal
목표를 바꾸다 = to change a goal
Examples:
다음 1년 안에 달성하고 싶은 목표가 뭐예요?
= What goal do you want to accomplish within the next year?
삶에 성공하고 싶으면 이룰 수 있는 목표를 세워야 돼요
= In order to succeed in life, you need to set achievable goals
56
forest
숲
Idiom:
나무를 보고 숲을 보지 못한다 = To not see the big picture (to look at the trees, but not the forest)
Examples:
토끼가 어두운 숲으로 사라졌어요 = The rabbit disappeared into the dark forest
주말에 아이랑 숲에서 산책했어요 = I went for a walk with the kids in the forest on the weekend
57
pocket
주머니
Notes: The word “호주머니” is often used as well
Common Usages:
주머니에 넣다 = to put something in a pocket
주머니에서 꺼내다 = to take something out of one’s pockets
Examples:
돈을 주워서 주머니에 넣었어요 = I found/picked up the money and quickly put it in my pocket
신발끈을 매다가 지갑이 주머니에서 떨어졌어요 = While I was tying me shoelaces, my wallet fell out of my pocket
58
blackboard, chalkboard
칠판
```
Common Usages:
칠판을 치우다 = to erase the blackboard
칠판을 닦다 = to erase/wipe the blackboard
칠판에 쓰다 = to write on the blackboard
칠판이 안 보이다 = to not be able to see the blackboard
```
Examples:
칠판을 보세요! = Look at the blackboard!
그 문제의 정답을 칠판을 써 줄게요 = I’ll write the answer to that problem on the board
교실이 너무 어두워서 학생들은 칠판을 볼 수 없어요 = The students can’t see the board because the classroom is too dark
59
strawberry
딸기
Common Usages:
냉동딸기 = frozen strawberry
생딸기 = fresh strawberry
Examples:
딸기를 갈아서 주스를 직접 만들었어요 = I made juice from blending up strawberries
딸기는 유일하게 씨앗이 바깥에 있는 과일이다 = Strawberries are the only fruit with the seeds on the outside
60
lettuce
상추
Common Usages:
양상추 = technically this translates to “western lettuce,” but I would call this “iceberg lettuce”
상추를 씻다 = to wash/rinse lettuce
~를/을 상추에 싸 먹다 = to put/wrap something in lettuce and then eat it (when you eat Korean meat, it is common [and delicious] to put a piece in lettuce [along with other things] and then eat it all together)
Examples:
초록색이 진할수록 상추에 비타민이 많아요 = The darker green a lettuce is, the more vitamins it has
고기를 상추에 싸서 먹으면 제일 맛있어요 = If you wrap your meat in lettuce then eat it, it is the most delicious
61
construction
공사
Common Usages:
공사 중 = under construction
공사비 = construction costs
공사장 = construction site
Examples:
공사 때문에 이 길은 막혔습니다 = The road is blocked because of the construction
62
class, period
교시
Notes: “Class” has many meanings in English, even when it relates to school. “교시” refers to the block of time (or period) where a student learns a particular subject.
Common Usages:
1교시 = 1st period
2교시 = 2nd period
```
Examples:
저는 오늘 1교시 수업이 있어요 = I have a class first period today
저는 오늘 2교시에 영어회화 수업이 있어요 = I have an English conversation class today at 2nd period
영어 수업은 4교시로 이동했어요 = English class moved to 4th period
```
63
religion
종교
Common Usages:
종교를 믿다 = to have/believe in a religion
Examples:
종교를 믿는 사람들은 보통 교회를 다녀요 = People who believe in a religion usually go to church
캐나다에 가장 흔한 종교는 천주교이다 = The most common religion in Canada is Catholicism
64
city hall
시청
Notes: ~청 attaches to various things related to the government to indicate a particular office. For example:
구청 = district office
교육청 = educational office (ministry of education)
Common Usages:
서울시청 = Seoul City Hall
부산시청 = Busan City Hall
Examples:
시청은 보통 도시 한가운데에 있어요 = City Hall is usually right in the middle of a city
혼인신고를 하고 싶으면 시청에서 신청해야 됩니다 = If you want to register your marriage, you need to apply at City Hall
65
the same age
동갑
Notes: The Korean age system is different than most of the world. In Korea, everybody born in a particular year is the same age. While Korean people still celebrate their birthdays, they do not get “older” on that day. Everybody in Korea gets one year older on new year’s day. Therefore, you can use “동갑” with anybody who is born the same year as you.
Examples:
우리는 동갑이야 = We are the same age
너와 동갑인 여자를 만나야 돼 = You need to meet a girl who is your age
66
positive
긍정적
```
Common Usages:
긍정적인 영향 = a positive effect
긍정적인 성격 = a positive personality
긍정적으로 생각하다 = to think positively
긍정적으로 행동하다 = to act positively
긍정적으로 보다 = to see something positively
```
Examples:
이런 힘든 때에는 긍정적으로 생각하는 것이 아주 중요해요
= In difficult times like this, it is important to think positively
지금부터 저는 저의 삶을 더 긍정적으로 볼 거예요
= From now on I’m going to look at my life more positively
새로운 직장에서 내일은 더 긍정적인 자세로 일을 할 것이다
= At my new workplace, tomorrow, I will work with a more positive frame of mind
67
negative
부정적
```
Common Usages:
부정적인 영향 = a negative effect
부정적인 성격 = a negative personality
부정적으로 생각하다 = to think negatively
부정적으로 행동하다 = to act negatively
부정적으로 보다 = to see something negatively
```
Examples: 요즘에는 우리 아들이 아주 부정적으로 행동해요
= These days, our son is acting very negatively
우울증에 걸리는 사람들은 부정적인 생각을 많이 해요
= People with depression think a lot of negative thoughts
68
to get along with
어울리다
Common Usages:
잘 어울리다 = to go well with something, to get along well with somebody
Notes: This word can be used to indicate that people get along, for example:
그들은 잘 어울리지 않을 것 같아요 = They probably won’t get along
그와 잘 어울리려고 얘기를 많이 해요 = In order to get along with him, I talk with him often
제가 그 사람을 싫어하는 게 아니라 우리는 그냥 잘 어울리지 못해요 = It’s not that I don’t like that person, we just don’t get along
It can also be used to indicate that two objects (or one person and one object) go well together:
그 셔츠가 눈 색깔과 잘 어울려요 = That shirt goes well with your eyes
그런 스타일의 머리가 너와 잘 어울려 = That hairstyle suits you well
69
to tell, to inform
알리다
Notes: 알다 is used to indicate that the speaker knows something. “Something” acts as the object of the sentence. For example:
저는 그 사람의 이름을 알아요 = I know that person’s name
알리다 is used when one other person tells another person something. In theory, the first person is “letting somebody know.” For example:
부장은 그 회사원에게 오늘 해고됐다고 알렸어요 = The boss told the worker that he was fired today
In the example above, both the “boss” and the “worker” are being referred to, and neither of them would be the listener or the speaker. In these cases, it is acceptable to use 알리다.
However, when talking about a fact that you told somebody, or a fact that somebody told you, you are more likely to see ~아/어주다 attached to 알리다. The grammar behind ~아/어주다 is discussed in Lesson 41. For example:
(만약) 학교에 간다면 저에게 알려주세요 = If you go to school, let me know
이 사실을 부장님께 알려 줘야겠어요 = I guess I should tell the boss (about) that fact
숙제를 다 하거든 알려줘! = Let me know when you are done your homework!
거기에 가면 알려주세요 = If you go there, let me know
그 사실을 저한테 미리 알려줬으면 좋겠어요 = I wish you told that fact to me earlier
70
to cherish, to save
아끼다
Notes: The adjective 아깝다 is similar, but it is a descriptive word (an adjective) that describes that something is precious/important and shouldn’t be thrown away because it would be wasteful. For example:
그렇게 하면 돈이 아까워요 = If you do it like that, it is a waste of money
(Money is precious and important, so don’t do it like that because it would be wasteful)
컵이 아까워서 안 버렸어요 = This cup is precious/important, so I didn’t throw it away
(It would be wasteful to throw this cup away, so I didn’t throw it away)
Common Usages:
아껴 쓰다 = to save something
아껴 먹다 = to save something to eat it later
Examples:
특별히 내가 아끼는 립스틱을 발랐다 = I also put on the special lipstick that I was saving
가뭄 때문에 물을 아껴 써야 돼요 = We need to save/conserve water because of the drought
71
to leave something
남기다
The passive form of this word is 남다 (to be left)
```
Common Usages:
남겨 주다 = to leave for somebody
남겨 두다 = to put/leave something
인상을 남기다 = to leave an impression
(the translation for “남겨 두다” isn’t very different from just “남기다.” Technically, the meaning of 남겨 두다 incorporates the meanings of 남기다 (to leave) and 두다 (to put).
```
Examples:
그 선생님은 우리에 좋은 인상을 남겼어요 = That teacher left a good impression on us
동생을 위해 스파게티를 조금 남겼어요 = I left a little bit of spaghetti for my younger brother/sister
72
to shave
면도하다
Notes: The word “밀다” is often used as well
Common Usages:
면도기 = razor
Examples:
저는 이틀에 한 번 면도해야 돼요 = I need to shave once every two days
남자들이 면도를 어떻게 하는지 보통 자기 아버지로부터 고등학교 때 배워요 = Boys usually learn how to shave from their fathers when they are in high school
73
to borrow, to lend
빌리다
Notes: 빌리다 is used when the subject of the sentence receives (borrows) something. For example:
저는 친구에게서 돈을 빌렸어요 = I borrowed money from my friend
저는 자동차를 빌릴 거예요 = I will rent a car
However, when the subject of the sentence gives (lends) something, 빌려주다 can be used. The grammar behind ~아/어주다 is discussed in Lesson 41. For example:
저는 친구에게 돈을 빌려줬어요 = I lent my friend money
핸드폰을 잠깐 빌려주세요 = Please lend me your phone for a second
Because 빌리다 and 빌려주다 are technically the same word (빌려주다 is just 빌리다 with ~아/어주다 attached), Korean people often confuse the usages of “borrow” and “lend” in English. You will often hear Korean people say something like “He borrowed me a pen.”
74
to cover
덮다
Notes: 덮다 and 가리다 have similar meanings, as they are both used when “covering” something.
덮다 is usually used when covering something from above – like a blanket covering a person.
가리다 is usually used when covering something from the side – like a hand covering a face or clothing covering a person’s body.
Common Usages:
책을 덮다 = to close a book
Examples:
저는 구멍을 신문지로 덮었어요 = I covered the hole with newspaper
시험을 시작하자 학생들은 책을 덮었어요 = When the exam started, the students closed their books
저는 이불을 덮었어요 = I covered (myself) with a blanket (This looks awkward to English speakers because the object of the sentence (“이불”) is the thing that is being used to cover something. However, this is how Korean people say it)
75
to disappear
없어지다
Examples: 돈이 다 없어졌어요! = All the money disappeared!
제가 탁자에 둔 접시가 없어졌어요 = The plate I put on the table disappeared
어렸을 때 큰 충격을 받아 그때의 기억이 없어졌어요 = When I was young I suffered (received) a huge shock, and my memory of that time disappeared
76
to follow
따라가다
Notes: 따라가다 is used when you are following somebody/something. Because “가다” is used in the word, you are “going” towards the person/thing.
따라오다 is used when you are being followed by somebody/something. Because “오다” is used in the word, somebody/something is “coming” towards you.
```
Common Usages:
사람을 따라가다 = to follow a person
안내문을 따라가다 = to follow the information signs
길을 따라가다 = to follow a road
유행을 따라가다 = to follow a trend
```
Examples:
그 앞에 있는 차를 계속 따라가세요! Keep following the car in front of you!
무서운 집으로 형을 따라갔어요 = I followed my older brother to the scary house
77
to be followed
따라오다
Notes: 따라가다 is used when you are following somebody/something. Because “가다” is used in the word, you are “going” towards the person/thing.
따라오다 is used when you are being followed by somebody/something. Because “오다” is used in the word, somebody/something is “coming” towards you.
Common Usages:
사람이 뒤를 따라오다 = a person following behind you/me/somebody
Examples:
저를 따라 오지 마세요 = Don’t follow me
친구들이 다른 차로 우리를 따라오고 있어요 = Friends are following us in another car
78
to go and pass by
지나가다
Examples:
이 건물을 지나가서 오른 쪽으로 가세요 = Go past this building, then go right
아들은 아빠를 보고 그를 알아보지 못하는 듯이 그냥 지나갔어요
= He looked at his father and walked past him as if he didn’t recognize him
고속도로에서 발생한 사고에 의해 사람들이 지나가지 못했어요
= Due to the accident (that occurred) on the highway, people couldn’t pass
79
to raise (children), to train (animals), to develop (skills)
키우다
Notes: This is actually a verb of the adjective “크다” big. In theory, it means “to make big.” In effect, this verb can often be used interchangeably with “기르다.” The difference between the two is that 기르다 is focused on the “raising/watching/upbringing” of a person/animal/plant, whereas “키우다” is focused on making them “bigger.”
Common Usages:
강아지를 키우다 = to raise a puppy
근육을 키우다 = to build muscles
애기를 키우다 = to raise a baby
Examples:
어렸을 때 강아지를 키우고 싶었어요 = When I was young, I wanted to raise a puppy
아이를 키우면서 학업을 계속하고 싶어요 = I want to continue my studies while I raise my baby
80
to hold back, to endure
참다
```
Common Usages:
재채기를 참다 = to hold a sneeze
눈물을 참다 = to hold/fight back one’s tears
웃음을 참다 = to hold back one’s laughter
고통을 참다 = to endure pain
```
Examples:
저는 그녀한테 키스하고 싶은 충동을 참지 못했어요 = I couldn’t resist the urge to kiss her
치과의사가 환자에게 고통을 참을 수 있냐고 물어봤어요 = The dentist asked the patient if he/she could endure the pain
81
to choose
선택하다
The noun form of this word (“선택”) translates to “a choice”
Examples:
제일 편리한 것을 선택해도 돼요 = You may choose the most convenient one
학생들은 교과목 두 개 중에 하나를 선택해야 해요 = Students must choose one out of the two subjects
82
to realize
깨닫다
Common Usages:
중요성을 깨닫다 = to realize the importance
Examples:
그 시대가 그렇게 길었는지 깨닫지 못했어요 = I didn’t realize that era was so long
한국 학생들은 영어의 중요성을 깨닫지 못해요
= Korean students don’t realize the importance of English
신랑이 신부를 보면 그녀가 얼마나 예쁜지 깨달을 거예요
= The groom will realize how pretty the bride is when he sees her
그녀가 그 셔츠가 거기에 없는 것을 깨닫지 못할 거기 때문에 저는 그냥 가져갈 거예요
= She won’t notice that shirt is gone (not here) so I’m just going to take it
댓글을 읽다 보니 세상에는 정말 다양한 사람들이 있다는 것을 깨닫게 되었어요
= After reading the comments I came to realize there really are all kinds of people in the world
그는 그때 너무 어렸고 다른 여자들을 만나 본 적이 없었기 때문에 그녀가 좋은 여자라는 사실을 깨닫지 못했었다
= He was too young at that time, and because he didn’t have the experience of meeting other girls, he hadn’t realized that she was a good girl
83
to be written on
쓰이다
Examples:
각 자리에 번호가 쓰여 있어요 = There is a number written on each seat
정답이 칠판에 쓰여 있어요 = The right answer is written on the blackboard
편지에 ‘너를 사랑해’라고 쓰여 있어요 = “I love you” is written on the letter
84
to be envious
부럽다
Notes: ~아/어하다 is often attached to 부럽다 to form 부러워하다. The grammar for this is introduced in Lesson 105.
Examples:
그 팀이 이겨서 저는 아주 부러웠어요 = I was envious of the other team because they won
농구를 잘하는 사람들이 부러워요 = I’m envious of people who can play basketball well
85
a certain way/method
식
Common Usages:
이런 식으로 하다 = to do in this sort of way
그런 식으로 하다 = to do in that sort of way
저런 식으로 하다 = to do in that sort of way
Examples:
이런 식으로 해 보세요 = Try doing it this way
공을 그런 식으로 던지면 어깨가 언젠가 아플 거예요 = If you throw a ball like that, one day your shoulder will be sore
86
earlier
아까
Examples:
저는 아까 컴퓨터를 켰어요 = I turned the computer on earlier
제가 아까 이 탁자에 열쇠를 놓았는데 혹시 열쇠를 가져간 사람을 봤어요? = I put keys on this table earlier. Did you happen to see the person who took them?
87
tightly
꽉
Examples: 손잡이를 꽉 잡으세요 = Please hold on to (the handle) tightly
88
miracle
기적
Common Usages:
기적적으로 = miraculously
기적을 바라다 = to wish for/hope for a miracle
기적을 행하다 = to perform miracles
Examples:
그 가족은 기적이 필요해요 = That family needs a miracle
우리를 유일하게 살릴 수 있는 것은 기적밖에 없어요 = The only thing that can save us is a miracle
89
vehicle
차량
Notes: 차량 refers to any vehicle on the road – not just a car, but any type of vehicle.
Common Usages:
차량금지 = no vehicles
Examples:
장애인 차량 외 주차금지 = No parking except for handicapped vehicles
(this is not a sentence, but you will see stuff like this written on signs)
일반차량 추자시 즉시 과태료가 부과됩니다
= If you park a regular vehicle here, a fine will be imposed immediately
90
audience
관객
Common Usages:
관객을 사로잡다 = to captivate an audience
Examples:
코메디언이 관객에게 소리를 질렀어요 = The comedian screamed at the audience
관객은 대통령이 하는 말을 믿지 않았어요 = The audience didn’t believe what the president said
91
dentistry
치과
Examples:
치과 의사는 저의 이를 두 개 뺐어요 = The dentist took out two of my teeth
치과 의사가 환자에게 고통을 참을 수 있냐고 물어봤어요 = The dentist asked if I could endure the pain
치과 의사가 저의 이가 아주 약하다고 했어요 = The dentist said my teeth are very weak
92
performance, show, concert
공연
Common Usages:
공연이 취소되다 = for a performance/concert to be cancelled
공연이 연기되다 = for a performance to be postponed
공연을 하다 = to perform
Examples:
서울에 있는 공연을 보러 갈래요? = Shall we go to the show in Seoul?
그가 공연에 가고 싶지 않은 것처럼 보여 = He looks like he doesn’t want to go to the performance
그 공연을 보러 여기에 왔어요 = I came here to see that performance
공연을 보러 그 행사에 가고 있어요 = I am going to the event to see that performance
93
administrative work
업무
Common Usages:
업무량 = workload
Examples:
그 업무를 처음으로 해 봤어요 = I tried that work for the first time
이런 업무를 한 적이 없어요 = I have never done this type of work before
업무가 많나서 야근했어요 = I had so much work to do that I worked overtime (at night)
94
change room
탈의실
옷을 갈아입으러 탈의실에 갔어요 = I went to the change-room to change my clothes
그 셔츠를 탈의실에서 입어 봤어요 = I tried on that shirt in the change room
95
ticket
표
Notes: 표 has more than one meaning. This one refers to a ticket or some other paper that shows proof of something. For example: 비행기표 = plane ticket. You can see another meaning in the next entry.
```
Common Usages:
표를 예매하다 = to reserve a ticket in advance
표가 매진되다 = for tickets to be sold out
표를 구매하다 = to purchase/buy tickets
표를 팔다 = to sell tickets
```
Examples:
표를 예매하러 극장에 가고 있어요
= I am going to the theater to buy the tickets (in advance)
우선 여행을 가기 전에 비행기 표와 숙소를 예약했다
= First, before leaving for our trip, I reserved a plane ticket and a place to stay
96
graph, table
표
Notes: 표 has more than one meaning. This one refers to some sort of graph or table. For example, if you make a table in Microsoft Word, that would be called a “표.”
```
Common Usages:
시간표 = schedule (time table)
가격표 = price tag
표를 만들다 = to make a table/graph
표를 그리다 = to draw a table/graph
```
```
Examples:
자료를 표에 넣고 분석했어요 = I put the data into a table and analyzed it
그 수업은 저의 시간표에 없어요 = That class isn’t on my schedule/time table
```
97
soy sauce
간장
Common Usages:
간장에 찍다 = to dip something in soy sauce
Examples:
만두를 간장에 찍으면 더 맛있어요 = If you dip dumplings into soy sauce it is more delicious
중국 사람들은 소금을 쓰는 것 대신에 음식에 간장을 뿌려요 = Instead of using salt, Chinese people sprinkle soy sauce on their food
98
some sort of hard time or hardship
고생
Notes: This word is commonly used after somebody completes some sort of difficult task. It is a way that Korean people express their sympathy when somebody does something difficult. The “difficult task” can be something trivial as well, like driving a car for an hour. Either way, once this task is completed, somebody might say to you “고생했어요!” For example, if you took the subway to your mother’s house for about an hour, upon arrival she might say:
왔어? 아이고~ 고생했어… = You came? Ahh… it must have been hard
“아이고” isn’t a word, but it is muttered by Korean people everywhere. It is commonly said when something difficult is/was/will be done. For example, if an old lady is walking up the stairs, she’ll say “아이고” to herself.
Examples:
집을 구하느라 고생을 많이 했어요 = It was hard and stressful finding a new house
PLAY이렇게 많은 내용을 학생들에게 가르치려고 고생을 많이 했어요 = I worked hard/suffered in order to teach that much content to the students
99
cell phone
Notes: The word 핸드폰 (literally “hand phone” is often used as well)
Examples:
그 휴대폰을 사러 여기에 왔어요 = I came here to buy that cell phone
이 휴대폰에 여러 가지의 앱을 설치할 수 있어요 = You can install various types of apps on this cell phone
100
sale
세일
Notes: 세일 refers to selling merchandise at a discounted price. For example, if you go to a store and they are having a “sale.” It is not usually used to be the noun form of the word “to sell.”
Common Usages:
세일 기간 = the period that a sale is going on for
깜짝 세일 = a surprise sale
정기 세일 = season/regular sale
폭탄 세일 = a crazy/big sale (“explosion sale”)
Examples:
이거 세일 안 해요? = Are you not doing a sale on this?
세일 언제 해요? = When will you have a sale?
오늘 그 서점은 50% 세일을 하고 있어요 = Today that bookstore is running a 50% sale
101
resume, curriculum vitae
이력서
Common Usages:
이력서를 쓰다 = to write a resume
이력서를 내다 = to submit a resume
Examples:
이력서를 만들어 본 적이 없어요 = I have never tried making a resume before
저는 일을 구하려고 그 회사에 이력서를 냈어요
= I submitted my resume to that company with the intention of getting a job
이력서를 회사에서 일하는 비서에게 줘 봤어요
= I tried giving my resume to the secretary who works at that office
요즘에는 회사에 취직하려면 이력서를 인터넷으로 회사에 제출해야 돼요
= These days, if you want to get hired by a company, you need to submit your resume online
102
secretary
비서
Examples:
그 여자의 남편이 비서랑 바람을 피운다는 소문이 있어요
= There is a rumor that that woman’s husband is having an affair with his secretary
이력서를 회사에서 일하는 비서에게 줘 봤어요
= I tried giving my resume to the secretary who works at that office
103
celebrity
연예인
저의 여자친구는 연예인 같이 보여요 = My girlfriend looks like a celebrity
그 연예인을 보러 행사에 갔어요 = I went to the event to see that celebrity
연예인을 만난 적이 없어요 = I have never met anybody famous
104
event, function
행사
```
Common Usages:
행사를 열다 = to hold an event
행사를 참여하다 = to attend an event
행사를 취소하다 = to cancel an event
행사를 연기하다 = to postpone an event
행사를 진행하다 = to run an event
```
Examples: 그 연예인을 보러 행사에 갔어요 = I went to the event to see that celebrity
비 때문에 행사가 내일로 연기 되었습니다 = The event was postponed until tomorrow because of the rain
아버지의 생신을 축하 드리기 위해 특별한 행사를 준비했어요 = I prepared a special event for my father’s birthday
105
job position
일자리
Notes: 일자리 often translates to “job,” but the word “job” in English is very versatile and can mean many things. As it contains the word “일” (work) and “자리” (position/place), 일자리 refers to the actual position. For example “일자리가 없다” would be said to indicate that there are no jobs (positions) available.
Common Usages:
일자리를 구하다 = to search for, to get a job
Examples:
일자리에 지원하러 왔어요 = I came to apply for that job
그 일자리에 지원하는 것을 생각할 수도 없어요 = I can’t even think about applying for that job
일자리가 하나만 있어서 경쟁은 심할 거예요 = The competition will be extreme because there is only one job available
슬기가 2개월 동안 일자리를 구하려고 노력하더니 결국 좋은 일자리를 구했어요
= I personally saw/experienced Seulgi trying to get a good job for two months, and she eventually got a job
Person 1: 우리 학교에서 많은 학생들이 대학교에 진학해요
= Many students from our school enter university
Person 2: 그리고 몇몇 학생들은 바로 일자리를 구하기도 해요
And/also, some students get jobs right away
106
a weekday
평일
Examples: 저는 여자 친구를 평일에만 만나요 = I meet my girlfriend only on weekdays
이런 공연을 평일에 본 적이 없어요 = I have never seen a performance like this on a weekday
107
to order, to command
명령하다
The noun form of this word (“명령”) translates to “an order” or “a command”
Common Usages:
명령법 = the imperative voice (sentences where a command is made)
명령하는 대로 = as I command
명령을 따르다 = to follow a command
Examples:
대통령은 군인들을 이동하도록 명령했어요 = The president ordered the soldiers to move
죽은 군인을 찾으라는 명령을 받았어요 = We received orders to find the fallen soldier
108
to pull out, to extract
빼다
Notes: 빼다 is commonly used to mean “except for…”. For example:
그것을 빼고 일을 다 했어요 = I have done all the work except for that one
In these types of sentences, the noun before “빼고” is removed from whatever situation is mentioned later in the sentence.
It is also commonly used to tell somebody serving you what you don’t want. For example:
우유(를) 빼고(요) = hold the milk… (please don’t put milk in it)
치즈(를) 빼고(요) = hold the cheese… (please don’t put cheese in it)
Technically these are not complete sentences, but you can add “~요” in formal situations.
```
Common Usages:
빼기 = subtraction (in math)
이를 빼다 = to get a tooth pulled
살을 빼다 = to lose weight
바람을 빼다 = to deflate a tire
```
Examples:
불을 빼 주세요 = Please take out the fire (common in a BBQ restaurant)
살을 빼고 싶으면 매일 운동해야 돼요 = If you want to lose weight, you have to exercise everyday
저는 공휴일을 빼고 매일 일해요 = I work every day except for public holidays
109
to apply for
지원하다
Common Usages:
대학교에 지원하다 = to apply for a university
일자리에 지원하다 = to apply for a job
군대에 지원하다 = to apply to the army
Examples:
PLAY일자리에 지원하러 왔어요 = I came to apply for that job
PLAY저는 그 일에 지원하려고 그 회사에 이력서를 냈어요
= I submitted my resume to that company with the intention of applying for that job
110
to pour
따르다
따르다 is the only verb stem that ends in “르” that does not follow the 르 irregular
Common Usages:
컵에 물을 따르다 = to pour water into a cup
Examples:
물을 이 컵에 따라 주세요 = Please pour water into this cup
한국 사람들은 자신을 위해 술을 안 따라요 = Korean people don’t pour alcohol for themselves
111
to fill
채우다
Notes: This is the active version of the word “차다” (to be filled). 차다 is introduced in Lesson 60.
Particles can be used in two different ways to make a logical sentence using 채우다. Notice how the particles are being used in the examples below:
병을 물로 채우다 = to fill a bottle with water
병에 물을 채우다 = to fill a bottle with water
Examples:
그들은 집을 이상한 가구로 채웠어요 = They filled their house with weird furniture
112
to empty
Notes: This is the active version of the word “비다 (to be empty)
Common Usages:
집을 비우다 = to move out
방을 비우다 = to check out of a room
자리를 비우다 = for somebody to be “out” (to not be present)
마음을 비우다 = to empty one’s mind (for example, if you are about to give a presentation, you can clear your mind of thoughts to help you relax)
Examples:
쓰레기통을 비워 주세요 = Please empty the garbage can
집을 언제까지 다 비울 수 있어요? = When can you remove everything from the house by?
113
to cut off, to quit something
끊다
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Common Usages:
연락을 끊다 = to stop contacting somebody
전화를 끊다 = to hang up a phone
술을 끊다 = to give up alcohol
담배를 끊다 = to quit smoking
끊임없이 = constantly, continuously
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Examples:
전화를 왜 그렇게 빨리 끊었어요 = Why did you hang up so fast?
저는 이웃사람들과 관계를 완전히 끊었어요 = I completely cut off any relationship with neighbors
지금 담배를 끊더라도 당신은 폐암에 이미 걸렸어요
= Even if you quit smoking now, you already have lung cancer
지금 담배를 끊는다면 폐가 1년 후에 건강해질 수 있어요
= If you quit smoking now, your lungs can be healthy in a year
114
to save (a life)
살리다
Common Usages:
목숨을 살리다 = to save a life
경제를 살리다 = to save/revive the economy
Examples:
살려 주세요! = Please save me!
PLAY저는 그 사람을 살리려고 경찰관을 불렀어요 = I called the policeman in order to save that person
115
to chop, to slice
썰다
Common Usages:
야채를 썰다 = to chop up vegetables
Examples:
당근을 다 썰었어요 = I chopped all of the carrots
양파를 작은 조각으로 썰고 재료를 다 섞으세요 = Chop the onions into small pieces and mix all the ingredients
116
to purchase in advance
예매하다
The noun form of this word (“예매”) translates to “the sale of tickets in advance”
Notes: Actually, “매” in Korean has two meanings depending on the Hanja character that is being used. 매 (買) and 매 (賣) mean “buy” and “sell” respectively. The word “賣買” (매매) in Hanja means “to buy and sell.” Therefore, 예매하다 could mean either “to purchase in advance” or “to sell in advance,” depending on what Hanja character is used. That being said, 예매하다 is usually used when one purchases a ticket in advance.
Common Usages:
표를 예매하다 = to purchase a ticket in advance
Examples:
표를 예매하러 극장에 가고 있어요 = I am going to the theater to buy the tickets (in advance)
예매를 안 하면 행사 당일에 표가 없을 거예요 = If you don’t purchase the tickets in advance, there won’t be any tickets on the day of the event
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to judge
판단하다
The noun form of this word (“판단”) translates to “judgement”
Common Usages:
상황을 판단하다 = to judge a situation
잘못 판단하다 = to misjudge
Examples:
그 상황을 판단하는 게 어려워요 = It is difficult to judge that situation
다른 사람의 외모로만 판단하지 마세요 = Don’t judge other people just by their looks
118
to solve, to resolve
해결하다
Common Usages:
문제를 해결하다 = to resolve a problem
갈등을 해결하다 = to resolve a conflict
Examples:
우리는 그 문제를 아직 해결하지 않았어요 = We still haven’t resolved that problem
그 문제를 해결하려고 우리는 잠깐 만났어요 = In order to solve that problem, we met for a little bit
119
to search for a worker, to search for a job, to get a job
구하다
Notes: This word is used when a person is looking to find a job. For example:
저는 아직 직업을 구하는 중이에요 = I am still looking for a job
저는 일을 구하려고 그 회사에 이력서를 냈어요 = I submitted my resume to that company with the intention of getting a job
Depending on the context, it could be used to indicate that one found a job. For example:
저는 직업을 구했다 = I found a job
It is also used when a company is looking to find a worker. For example:
우리 회사는 점원 한 명을 구하고 싶어요 = Our company is looking for (to hire) one clerk
In this sense, you often see signs outside of businesses that say “직원 구함” – which would translate to “we are hiring!”
120
to control
통제하다
The noun form of this word (“통제”) translates to “regulation”
Common Usages:
언론을 통제하다 = to control the media/press
상황을 통제하다 = to control a situation
Examples:
경찰관은 상황을 통제하지 못했어요 = The police officer couldn’t control the situation
연예인을 만나면 자기 자신을 통제해야 돼요 = When you meet a celebrity, you need to control yourself
한국에서는 정부가 국립학교를 통제해요 = In Korea, the government controls the public schools
북한 경제가 발전하려면 정부는 국민들을 더 이상 통제하면 안 돼요
= If North Korea wants to improve their economy, the government shouldn’t control its citizens anymore
121
to evaluate
평가하다
The noun form of this word (“평가”) translates to “evaluation”
Common Usages:
수행평가 = A form of evaluation in Korean schools. Essentially, any evaluation other than exams.
Examples:
사람을 겉모습으로 평가해선 안 돼요 = You shouldn’t judge somebody on their looks
저는 올바른 평가를 받지 않았어요 = I didn’t receive the proper evaluation
학생들을 평가하려고 내일 시험을 볼 거예요 = In order to evaluate the students, they will do an exam tomorrow
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to be cut off
끊기다
Common Usages:
연락이 끊기다 = for contact to be cut off
가스/전기가 끊기다 = for the gas/electricity to be cut off
전화가 끊기다 = for the phone to cut out
Examples:
전화가 자꾸 끊겨요! = The phone keeps cutting out
그 학생이 질문을 많이 해서 수업 흐름이 계속 끊겨요 = That student keeps asking questions, so the flow of the class keeps getting disrupted
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to be weak
약하다
Common Usages:
불이 약하다 = for a flame to be low
몸이 약하다 = for one’s body to be weak
신호가 약하다 = for a signal (ex. cell-phone signal) to be weak
Examples:
피부가 너무 약해서 겨울에도 로션을 발라야 돼요
= I even need to put on lotion in the winter because my skin is weak
그 여자 몸이 아주 약해서 계단을 올라갈 수 없어요
= That girl can’t go upstairs because her body is so weak
124
to be detailed
자세하다
Common Usages:
자세히 = in a detailed way
Examples:
내 상황을 자세히 설명해 줄까? = Shall I explain my situation in detail?
저는 더 자세한 설명을 부탁했어요 = I asked for a more clear explanation.
저는 그에게 더 자세히 설명해 달라고 부탁했어요 = I asked him to explain it more clearly
캐나다와 미국은 비슷한데 자세히 보면 차이가 나요= Canada and America are similar, but if you look closely, there are differences
