Vocab Units 33-36 Flashcards

Question

limit, restriction

Answer 1

제한 Common Usages: 무제한 = unlimited (something without limit) 속도제한 = speed limit 나이제한 = age limit Examples: 이 영화는 나이제한이 없어서 아무나 볼 수 있어요 = There is no age limit on this movie, so anybody can watch it 이 놀이기구를 타고 싶은데 키 제한이 있어서 저는 못 탔어요 = I wanted to go on that ride, but because there was a height restriction, I couldn’t ride it

Answer 2

무제한 Notes: “무제한” looks like an adjective (who’s dictionary form would be “무제하다”) but it is actually a combination of the word “제한” preceded by the Hanja “무” (無) meaning “without”. Despite being a noun, it is common to see it before a noun describing it as if it were an adjective. Examples: 그 식당은 무제한 떡볶이를 제공한다 = That restaurant provides unlimited 떡볶이

Answer 3

현금 Common Usages: 현금인출기 = ATM 현금으로 내다 = to pay using cash 현금영수증 = a “cash receipt.” The Korean government tries to track cash transactions, so it allows people to ask for a “현금영수증” when making purchases with cash. If you do this, you get tax benefits at the end of the year. Examples: 현금과 수표 중에 어떤 것이 나아요? = Which is better? Cash or cheque? 현금을 내일 주겠다고 약속했다 = I promised to give you (the) cash tomorrow 버스 카드가 없어서 현금으로 낼 게요 = I don’t have my bus card, so I will pay with cash 도매시장에서 카드뿐만 아니라 제품을 현금으로도 살 수 있어요 = At the whole sale market, you can buy products using not only your card but cash as well

Answer 4

물고기 Notes: The word “물고기” (literally water meat) is used to refer to the animals themselves. “생선” is used to refer to the fish that we eat. Common Usages: 물고기를 잡다 = to catch a fish 물고기를 키우다 = to raise/have a pet fish Examples: 그 물고기에 살이 없어요 = There is no meat on that fish 캐나다에서는 생선을 먹을 때 살밖에 없는데 한국에서는 생선을 먹을 때 접시에 진짜 물고기가 있어요 = In Canada, when we eat fish, there is nothing but flesh (the meaty part of the fish). However, in Korean, when you eat fish, there is an actual fish on the plate.

Answer 5

오랫동안 Notes: Notice that this word is simply “오래” (a long time) and 동안 (for). The purpose of adding ㅅ is discussed in Lesson 131. Common Usages: 오랫동안 안 만나다 = to not meet for a long time Examples: 텔레비전을 오랫동안 보지 마세요! = Don’t watch TV for a long time! 우리가 너무 일찍 와 가지고 오랫동안 기다렸어요 = Because we came so early, we had to wait for a long time 오랫동안 라면을 먹지 않아서 제가 먹고 싶은 것은 라면뿐이에요 = The only thing I want to eat is Ramen because I haven’t eaten it in such a long time 제가 한국에서 있었을 때 오랫동안 만나지 못한 친구를 만났어요 = When I was in Korea, I met a friend that I haven’t been able to meet for a long time

Answer 6

그중 Notes: Often times the choices/options are given in a previous sentence/clause and they are being referred to in a later sentence/clause. When this is the case, you can use “그중” to mean “among/between those things previously mentioned.” Examples: PLAY바나나와 사과를 샀어요. 그중에 어떤 것을 먹고 싶어요? = I bought bananas and apples. Between those two, which one do you want to eat? PLAY감정적 = emotional

Answer 7

감정적 Examples: 지금은 감정적인 시간이에요 = This is a very emotional time PLAY우리는 그 감정적인 장면을 촬영하는 중이에요 = We are filming that emotional scene now 그 여자가 남자 친구랑 헤어진 후에 그녀는 아주 감정적으로 행동하고 있어요 = After/since breaking up with her boyfriend, that girl has been acting very emotionally

Answer 8

상담하다 ``` Common Usages: 상담실 = consultation room 학부모와 상담하다 = to consult with parents of a student 선생님과 상담하다 = to consult with a teacher 의사와 상담하다 = to consult with a doctor ```

Answer 9

높이다 Notes: The difference between 올리다 and 높이다 is often confusing for learners. 높이다 is generally used to “heighten” or “increase” something that already exists, but at a “lower” state. 올리다 is generally about taking something that is low, and placing it higher. I drew a picture to illustrate the image that I have in my head about the meanings of these words: ``` Common Usages: 온도를 높이다 = to increase the temperature 인지도를 높이다 = to increase awareness 자신감을 높이다 = to increase confidence 명성을 높이다 = increase one’s fame 품질을 높이다 = increase quality 성적을 높이다 = increase one’s grades ``` Examples: 우리는 그 장애물의 높이를 2배로 높여야 돼요 = We need to increase the height of this barrier twofold (double the height of this barrier) 우리 회사는 다음 1년 동안 수익성을 높이려고 하고 있어요 = Our company is trying to increase its profits over the next year 연예인은 그 영화로 자기 명성을 많이 높였어요 = That celebrity increased her fame a lot through that movie 경기를 이기려면 자신감을 높여야 돼요 = If you want to win the match, you need to increase your confidence

Answer 10

Notes: 올리다 is also used when “uploading” something to the internet. The difference between 올리다 and 높이다 is often confusing for learners. 높이다 is generally used to “heighten” or “increase” something that already exists, but at a “lower” state. 올리다 is generally about taking something that is low, and placing it higher. I drew a picture to illustrate the image that I have in my head about the meanings of these words: Common Usages: 올려 놓다 = to place on top of something 올려다보다 = to look up 게시판에 글을 올리다 = to upload a comment to an online forum 인터넷에 사진을 올리다 = to upload a picture to the internet 가격을 올리다 = to raise a price 속도를 올리다 = to increase speed Examples: 짐을 선반 위에 올렸어요 = I put my suitcase on the shelf 이 식당은 지난 달부터 가격을 다 올렸어요 = This restaurant raised all their prices from last month 어제 찍은 사진을 페이스북에 올릴 거예요 = I’m going to upload the pictures that I took yesterday to Facebook

Answer 11

편집하다 Common Usages: 장면을 편집하다 = to edit a scene 영화를 편집하다 = to edit a movie 책을 편집하다 = to edit a book Examples: PLAY저는 그 동영상을 지금 편집하는 중이에요 = I am editing that video now 제가 그 동영상을 지금 다 편집하도록 하겠습니다 = I will finish editing the video right now PLAY우리가 편집을 원래 내일 중으로 다 하고 싶었어요 = We originally wanted to do all of the editing by sometime tomorrow

Answer 12

촬영하다 Common Usages: 영화를 촬영하다 = to film a movie 장면을 촬영하다 = to film a scene CCTV 촬영 중 = commonly seen on a sign to indicate that a security camera is filming Examples: PLAY우리는 그 감정적인 장면을 촬영하는 중이에요 = We are filming that emotional scene now PLAY그 장면 촬영을 내일 중으로 끝낼 거예요 = We will finish the filming of that scene by sometime tomorrow 우리 둘 다 해리포터 좋아하니까, 해리포터 촬영 장소도 꼭 가보자! = We both like Harry Potter, so let’s definitely also go to the place where the movie was filmed!

Answer 13

보관하다 Common Usages: 보관료 = storage fees 보관소 = storage center 분실물 보관소 = lost and found Examples: 저는 모든 저의 가구를 다 보관 중이에요 = I’m storing all of my furniture (all of my furniture is in storage) 우리가 1년 동안 캐나다에 있을 때 우리 물건을 어디 보관할 거예요? = Where are we going to store our stuff when we are in Canada for a year?

Answer 14

복구하다 Common Usages: 시스템을 복구하다 = to restore a system 원상 복구하다 = to restore something to its original state Examples: PLAY아저씨가 프린터를 복구하는 중이에요 = The man is restoring the printer 시민들이 홍수로 인해 피해를 입은 길을 복구하고 있다 = The citizens are restoring the street that was damaged by the flood

Answer 15

보증하다 Common Usages: 보증서 = warranty certificate/paper 보증 기간 = warranty period 빚보증을 서다 = to guarantee (co-sign) somebody’s debts Examples: 제가 이 제품의 품질을 보증합니다 = I guarantee the quality of this product PLAY보증 기간은 다음 달 중으로 끝날 거예요 = The warranty period will finish by sometime next month PLAY종업원이 보증 기간에 대해 설명을 하는 동안 저는 그 종업원의 말을 듣고 있지 않았어요 = I wasn’t listening when the worker was explaining about the warranty period

Answer 16

민감하다 Common Usages: 피부가 민감하다 = for one’s skin to be sensitive Examples: 사람의 몸에 그 부분이 아주 민감해요 = That area is very sensitive on people’s bodies PLAY남자와 여자 중에 여자들이 감정에 더 민감해요 = Between boys and girls, girls are more sensitive

Answer 17

상하다 Common Usages: 기분이 상하다 = for one’s feelings to be hurt 과일이 상하다 = for fruit to be spoiled/damaged/bruised 고기가 상하다 = for meat to be spoiled/to have gone bad Examples: 고기가 다 상할 텐데 = All the meat will probably go bad 그 말을 들었더니 기분이 상했어요 = My feelings were hurt after hearing that 어제 사과를 샀는데 이미 다 상했어요 = I bought apples yesterday, but they already all went bad CONJUGATE PLAY옳다 = to be right, to be proper, to be correct

Answer 18

옳다 Notes: “right” could mean many things in English. In Korean, 옳다 is used to indicate that something is “right” as it refers to the “proper thing to do.” For example: PLAY제 삶에서 옳은 길을 찾는 중이에요 = I’m looking for the right path in my life 이렇게 행동하는 것이 옳은지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know if this is the right thing to do It is also used to indicate that something is “correct” as it refers to the opposite of something “wrong:” 네가 말하는 것은 옳아요 = What you are saying is correct

Answer 19

원래 Examples: 원래 대학교에 갈 계획이 있었지만 수능을 잘 못 봐서 대학교에 갈 수 없었어요 = I had plans to go to university, but I couldn’t get in because I did poorly on the SAT test 우리는 이 일을 원래 해야 되는데 너무 복잡해서 하기 싫어요 = Even though we are/were supposed to do this (work), I don’t want to do it because it is too complicated 원래 한국에 여행하러 가고 싶었지만 돈이 없어서 못 갔어요 = Originally I wanted to go to Korea to travel, but because I didn’t have any money, I couldn’t go PLAY우리가 편집을 원래 내일 중으로 다 하고 싶었어요 = We originally wanted to do all of the editing by sometime tomorrow 저는 원래 캐나다에서 왔는데 이제 한국에서 산 지 5년 됐어요 = I’m originally from Canada, but I’ve been living in Korea for 5 years now

Answer 20

짜리 Notes: There is no good translation of this word to English. 짜리 is placed after some indication of value to distinguish how much that object is worth (which usually distinguishes it from another object of another value) For example: 저는 천 원 짜리 아이스크림을 샀어요 = I bought the/an ice cream worth 천원 ``` Common Usages: 백 원 짜리 = a 100 won coin 오백 원 짜리 = a 500 won coin 천 원 짜리 = a 1,000 won bill 만 원 짜리 = a 10,000 won bill ``` Examples: 천 원 짜리가 있어요? = Do you have any 1,000 won bills? 죄송해요. 5만 원 짜리밖에 없어요= I’m sorry, I don’t have anything but 50,000 won bills

Answer 21

일부러 Examples: 저는 일부러 그렇게 했어요 = I did it like that on purpose 저는 전화를 일부러 안 받았어요 = I purposely didn’t answer the phone 저는 남자 친구랑 그 날에 일부러 헤어졌어요 = I purposely broke up with my boyfriend on that day

Answer 22

``` Common Usages: 손을 흔들다 = to wave one’s hand(s) 몸을 흔들다 = to shake one’s body (to dance) 고개를 흔들다 = to shake one’s head 꼬리를 흔들다 = for an animal (or something with a tail) to wag its tail ``` Examples: 음료수를 잘 흔들어서 마셨어요 = Shake your drink well and then drink it 신난 남자가 몸을 흔들면서 춤을 췄어요 = The excited man (shook his body and) danced

Answer 23

흔들거리다 Common Usages: 배가 흔들거리다 = for a boat to be shaking, rocking Examples: 갑자기 아파트가 흔들거렸어요 = The apartment suddenly shook 갑자기 타고 있던 배가 흔들거리기 시작했어요 = All of a sudden the boat we were riding started shaking PLAY우리는 흔들거리는 다리를 건넜어요 = We crossed the wobbly bridge (the bridge that keeps shaking, the shaky bridge)

Answer 24

머뭇거리다 Common Usages: 말을 머뭇거리다 = to hesitate speaking Examples: 그녀는 그에게 말하기 머뭇거렸어요 = She hesitated speaking to him 제 친구는 부끄러워서 머뭇거리면서 제게 다가왔어요 = My friend is shy so he hesitated while he approached me 대학교에 가는 것과 안 가는 것에 대해 왜 계속 결정을 머뭇거려요? = Why do you continue to hesitate about going to university or not?

Answer 25

반짝거리다 “반짝반짝” is commonly used to indicate that something is very “shiny” or “bling-bling.” For example: 반지가 아주 반짝반짝거려 = The ring is very “bling-bling” Common Usages: 빛이 반짝거리다 = for a light to be light 반지가 반짝거리다 = for a ring to be shiny Examples: 밤 하늘에 별이 반짝거려요 = The star shines in the night sky 새로 산 반지가 매우 반짝거려요 = The new ring I bought is very shiny

Answer 26

두리번거리다 Common Usages: 사방을 두리번거리다 = to look everywhere (around in all directions) Examples: PLAY열쇠를 찾으려고 방을 두리번거렸어요 = I looked around the room to find my keys PLAY그가 주위를 두리번거렸어요 = He looked around at his surroundings 슬기는 남동생을 찾기 위해 사방을 두리번거렸어요 = Seulgi looked everywhere (around in all directions) to find her younger brother 우리는 새로운 곳에 도착해서 숙소를 찾기 위해 주위를 두리번거렸어요 = We arrived in a new place and then looked around the area to find a place to stay

Answer 27

끈적거리다 Examples: 커피를 쏟아 손이 끈적거려요 = My hands are sticky after spilling coffee on them PLAY땀이 나고 나서 몸이 아주 끈적거려요 = After sweating, my body is all sticky 몸이 끈적거려서 샤워를 했어요 = I had a shower because my body was all sticky 애기가 손가락을 계속 빨아서 지금 손가락이 끈적거려요 = The baby kept sucking his thumb, so now it is all sticky

Answer 28

출렁거리다 Common Usages: 배가 출렁거리다 = for a boat to be rocking Examples: PLAY바다에서 물이 출렁거렸어요 = The water sloshed back and forth in the ocean 파도가 쳐서 배가 출렁거리기 시작했어요 = The boat started to rock because the waves were smashing

Answer 29

자기 Notes: For information on how to use this word, see the section titled “자기 and 자신” in this lesson. 자기 is also commonly used by married couples to refer to their significant other. For example, when calling for my wife, I can say “자기야!” Common Usages: 자기 자신 = himself, herself, oneself 자기 개발 = self-development

Answer 30

자신 Notes: For information on how to use this word, see the section titled “자기 and 자신” in this lesson. “자신” (or 자신감) can also translate to “confidence,” but it is technically a different word with different Hanja characters. Examples: 자신을 사랑하는 것은 중요해요 = It is important to love yourself/oneself

Answer 31

여전히 Examples: 저는 여전히 그를 사랑해요 = I still love him 여전히 그 가게는 인기가 많아요 = That store is still very popular PLAY저는 운동을 여전히 하지 않았어요 = I still haven’t exercised 그 사람이 나이가 많지만 여전히 똑똑해요 = Although that person is old, he is still very smart 한국에 안 갈 것이지만 여전히 한국어를 배우고 싶어요 = Even though I will not go to Korea, I still want to learn Korean 고등학교 때는 같이 있는 것이 재미있었고 학교 가는 게 즐거웠었는데! 여전히 친구를 만나니 즐겁고 행복하다. 같은 추억을 가지고 있는 친구와 여전히 친구라는 사실이 이렇게 좋은 줄은 몰랐다. = It was very fun being together during high school time, and I enjoyed going to school (High school was very fun). I am happy and enjoying myself because I am still meeting my friends. I didn’t know it was so good/nice to still have friends with whom I have the same (childhood) memories with (I am glad that I can still meet old friends with whom I share childhood memories with).

Answer 32

전혀 Notes: 전혀 is used just like “별로” but is more extreme. It is put in sentences to mean “not at all.” For example: PLAY나는 전혀 배고프지 않아 = I’m not hungry at all For information on how to use this word, see the section titled “Words that need negative endings” in this lesson. More examples: 태성이 그녀에게 전혀 관심이 없어요 = Taesung is not interested in her at all PLAY나는 밖에 전혀 나가고 싶지 않아 = I don’t want to go outside at all PLAY그는 전혀 잘생기지 않았다 = He’s not handsome at all 몇 달 전에 30살이 되어서 우울했는데 이제는 전혀 우울하지 않아요 = A few months ago, I was depressed that I was going to be 30 years old, but now (compared to then), I’m not depressed at all

Answer 33

훨씬 훨씬 can be used in sentences just like 더 (which you learned about in Lesson 19), but the meaning is stronger than 더. For example: PLAY나는 나의 남동생보다 훨씬 똑똑해 = I am way/much smarter than my brother PLAY한국어는 영어보다 훨씬 어렵다 = Korean is much more difficult than English 저는 사과보다 딸기가 훨씬 좋아요 = I like strawberries much more than apples 저의 남편이 다른 남자들보다 훨씬 잘생겼어요 = My husband is much more handsome than other men 그는 작년보다 한국어를 훨씬 잘해요 = He is much better at Korean than last year 한국어는 영어보다 훨씬 어려워요 = Korean is much more difficult than English

Answer 34

관하다 Notes: 관하다 is typically placed after a noun with ~에 attached to indicate a relationship with that noun. For example: PLAY나는 한국역사에 관한 영화를 봤어 = I saw a movie related to/about Korean history 이 책은 음식에 관한 거예요 = This book is related to/about food PLAY이 문제에 관해 회의가 있을 것이다 = There will be a meeting relating to this problem

Answer 35

관련하다 Notes: 관련하다 is often used in the same way as 관하다. 관련되다 seems to be used in the same way as 관련하다. It is common to see “관련하여” and “관련되어” instead of “관련해” and “관련돼.” For example:

Answer 36

주위 You can use 주위to indicate that an action happens “around” something. For example: PLAY나는 학교 주위를 걷는 것을 좋아해 = I like walking around the school PLAY달은 지구 주위를 돌아요 = The moon spins around the earth PLAY학생들이 넘어진 친구 주위에 서 있었어요 = The students stood around their friend who had fallen 아이들은 나무 주위에서 놀고 있어요 = The children are playing around the tree 2호선은 서울 도심 주위를 돌아요 = Line 2 circles around the downtown of Seoul It can also be used to refer to the general surroundings of a place. For example: PLAY그가 주위를 두리번거렸어요 = He looked around at his surroundings PLAY주위가 안전하지 않아요 = This area/surrounding area isn’t safe 새로운 곳에 도착해서 숙소를 찾기 위해 주위를 두리번거렸어요 = We arrived in a new place and then looked around the area to find a place to stay It can also be used to refer to the people who one often comes in contact with. This is often translated to the people “around” a person – but not in a physical sense. Rather, it refers to ones friends, family, coworkers, etc. For example: PLAY그는 주위 사람들을 안 믿어요 = He doesn’t trust those around him 마크는 주위에 친구가 한 명도 없어요 = Mark has no friends (around him) PLAY주위 사람 중에 그를 좋아하는 사람은 하나도 없어요 = There isn’t even one person around him that likes him

Answer 37

일단 Notes: 일단 is placed in sentences for feel to indicate that one action with happen before another. It can usually translate to “once,” but it is not really a word that can be translated easily. For example: PLAY일단 제가 밥을 먹은 후에 밖에 나갈 거예요 = Once I eat, I will go outside PLAY일단 일을 다 한 후에 아빠에게 전화할 거예요 = Once I do all the work, I will call my dad PLAY일단 재료를 산 후에 샐러드를 만들 거예요 = Once I buy the ingredients, I will make a salad PLAY일단 한국어를 배운 후에 중국어를 배우고 싶어요 = Once I learn Korean, I want to learn Chinese In addition, you will often see 일단 placed at the beginning of a sentence that has the particle “~부터” attached to the object in the clause that happens first, followed by a verb with ~고 attached: PLAY일단 숙제를 끝내고 친구를 만날 거예요 = Once I finish my homework, I will meet a friend PLAY일단 피자부터 먹고 과자를 먹을 거예요 = Once I finish eating the pizza, I will eat candy/snacks PLAY일단 한국어부터 배우고 중국어를 배우고 싶어요 = Once I learn Korean, I want to learn Chinese PLAY일단 빵에 땅콩버터부터 바르고 딸기를 놓을 거예요 = Once I spread peanut butter on the bread, I will put strawberries onto it

Answer 38

무게 Common Usages: 몸무게 = body weight 무게를 재다 = to measure the weight of something (to weigh) 무게를 달다 = to measure the weight of something (to weigh) Examples: 저는 그 병에 무게를 확인했어요 = I checked the weight of the bottle 무게가 무거울수록 더욱 값이 비싸져요 = It gets more expensive as the weight increases 저는 그보다 무게를 더 들 수 있어요 = I can lift more weight than he can

Answer 39

몸무게 Notes: This word isn’t usually used to indicate that one lost or gained weight. Common Usages: 몸무게를 재다 = to measure one’s body weight PLAY나는 (몸무게가) 70 kg 나가 = I weigh 70 kilograms Examples: 저는 매일 아침 몸무게를 재요 = I weigh myself every morning 몸무게와 지방은 상관이 없어요 = There is no relationship between body weight and fat

Answer 40

살 Notes: 살 is used to refer to the flesh/meat of an animal. For example, I often say this sentence to Korean people when they ask me why I don’t eat fish: 캐나다에서는 생선을 먹을 때 살밖에 없는데 한국에서는 생선을 먹을 때 접시에 진짜 물고기가 있어요 = In Canada, when we eat fish, there is nothing but flesh (the meaty part of the fish). However, in Korean, when you eat fish, there is an actual fish on the plate. As it refers to the meaty/fleshy part of animals, it also refers to the mass that humans can gain or lose. As such, it is used when somebody wants to indicate that one “gains” or “loses” weight. For example Common Usages: 살이 찌다 = to gain weight 살이 빠지다 = to lose weight 살을 빼다 = to purposely lose weight (this is usually used as “살을 빼고 싶다” or “살을 빼야 한다” Examples: PLAY나는 살이 많이 빠졌어 = I lost a lot of weight PLAY나는 작년에 살이 많이 쪘어 = I gained a lot of weight last year 선생님이 살이 쪘을 것 같아요 = The teacher probably gained weight 살을 빼기 위해 많은 여자들이 다이어트를 해요 = Many women go on diets in order to lose weight 햄버거를 계속 먹다 보니 살이 많이 쪘어요 = While/after eating hamburgers continually (over a period of time), I realized that I gained a lot of weight

Answer 41

찌다 Common Usages: 살이 찌다 = to gain weight Examples: 나이가 들수록 살이 더욱 쉽게 쪄요 = It is easier to gain weight as you get older 작년에 비해 올해 2kg가 쪘어요 = I gained 2 kilograms this year compared to last year 선생님이 살이 쪘을 것 같아요 = The teacher probably gained weight 햄버거를 계속 먹다 보니 살이 많이 쪘어요 = While/after eating hamburgers continually (over a period of time), I realized that I gained a lot of weight

Answer 42

빠지다 Notes: 빠지다 has many meanings, and has already been introduced in the Vocabulary List of Lesson 20. It is impossible to come up with a translation that fits all possible usages, but most usages are typically used when something falls, sinks drops or is deflated. In this case, when used with “살” it is used to indicate that one loses weight. Common Usages: 살이 빠지다 = to lose weight Examples: 운동을 열심히 했더니 살이 빠졌어요 = I exercised hard, and then lost weight 살이 많이 빠져서 지금은 정장을 편히 입을 수 있어요 = I can wear a suit comfortably now because I lost a lot of weight

Answer 43

소방서 Notes: 경찰서 is another word that uses “서” to denote some sort of public office. Examples: PLAY저는 소방서가 보여요 = I can see the fire station 소방서는 우체국 건너편에 있어요 = The fire station is across the street from the post office 새로운 소방차가 옛날 소방서에 못 들어가요 = The new fire truck can’t go in to (can’t fit into) the old fire station 소방관들은 아주 급하게 소방서에서 나왔어요 = The fire men came out of the fire station urgently

Answer 44

무릎 ``` Common Usages: 무릎이 아프다 = for one’s knee to be sore 무릎을 끓다 = to go on one’s knees 무릎을 굽히다 /구부리다 = to bend one’s knees 무릎 관절 = knee joint ``` Examples: PLAY무릎이 아파 보여요 = Your knee looks sore 어떤 학생은 무릎에 깁스가 감겨 있어요 = Some student has a cast wrapped around his knee 무릎이 아플 때 자전거를 타지 마세요 = When your knee hurts, don’t ride a bike 운동을 무리하게 하면 무릎이 아파요 = If you exercise too much (too intensely), your knee can hurt

Answer 45

얼음 Common Usages: 얼음물 = ice water 얼음이 녹다 = for ice to melt Examples: 얼음 때문에 길이 미끄러워요 = The road is slippery because of the ice 물을 얼리면 얼음이 돼요 = If you freeze water, it becomes ice 물에 얼음을 넣어 줄까요? = May I put some ice into your water?

Answer 46

흡연 Notes: 흡연 is the opposite of “금연” which means “non-smoking.” 흡연 is usually used in combination with other words. When smoking a cigarette, it is more common to use “담배를 피우다.” Common Usages: 흡연 구역 = smoking area 간접흡연 = second hand smoke 흡연실 = smoking room Examples: PLAY흡연 구역이 안 보여요 = I can’t see the smoking area 암에 걸린 이유는 간접흡연 때문인지 오염 때문인 지 알 길이 없어요 = There is no way of knowing if the reason you caught cancer was because of second hand smoke, or because of pollution

Answer 47

종아리 Notes: This word is not used to refer to a baby cow. That word is 송아지. Examples: PLAY그 남자 종아리가 아주 강해 보여요 = That man’s calves look very strong 종아리 스트레칭을 꾸준히 하는 것은 중요해요 = It is important to stretch your calves a lot

Answer 48

관리비 Notes: The most common way you will hear 관리비 used is to refer to the “management fees” of an apartment building that one lives in. In addition to the monthly rent, electricity, gas and water bills, tenants usually have to pay a fee to the management (or landlord) of their apartment. This usually covers expenses like garbage pickup, cleaning and maintenance. Common Usages: 관리비를 내다 = to pay for the management fees 관리비가 오르다 = for management fees to raise 관리비가 내려가다 = for management fees to lower Examples: 관리비는 매달 내야 하는 고정 비용이에요 = Management fees are a fixed expense that one has to pay every month 다음 달부터 우리 집주인이 관리비를 올릴 거예요 = The landlord will raise the management fee starting next month

Answer 49

치료비 Examples: 그 수술이 보험에 포함되어서 치료비를 안 내도 돼요 = That surgery is covered (included) on my insurance, so I don’t need to pay for it (the medical fees) 암에 관한 치료비는 이 보험에 포함되지 않아요 = Medical expenses related to cancer are not included in this insurance 치료비가 너무 비싸서 저는 치료를 못 받아요 = I can’t get the treatment because the (medical) fees are too expensive

Answer 50

보관료 Examples: 기차역에서 짐을 보관하면 보관료를 내야 해요 = If you store your luggage in the train station, you need to pay a storage fee 보관료를 이미 한 번 내서 락커를 연다면 또 내야 돼요 = I already paid the storage fee once, so if I open the locker, I need to pay again

Answer 51

땅값 Common Usages: 땅값이 오르다 = for land prices to go up 땅값이 내려가다/떨어지다 = for land prices to go down Examples: 한국에서 강남의 땅값이 제일 비싸요 = Land prices in Gangnam are the most expensive in Korea 큰 집이 많이 있는 길의 땅값은 비싸요 = The price of land on the street with a lot of big houses is expensive

Answer 52

입장료 Examples: 놀이동산 입장료는 단체로 지불하면 더 싸요 = The entrance fee to the amusement park is cheaper if you pay as a group 입장료가 너무 비쌀 거라서 저는 안 갈 거예요 = The price of admission will be so expensive, so I am not going to go 구명조끼 비용이 입장료에 포함되어 있어요 = The fee for life jackets is included in the price of admission

Answer 53

등록금 Examples: 학기마다 대학교 등록금을 못 내는 학생들이 있어요 = Every semester there are students who can’t (afford to) pay their tuition 등록금 때문에 저는 그 대학교에 못 가요 = I won’t be able to go to university because of the admission/registration fees

Answer 54

교통비 Examples: 한국의 교통비는 매년 오르고 있어요 = Transportation fees (the fare for buses and subways) are going up every year in Korea 매월 직장에 출퇴근하는 데 교통비가 10만원이 들어요 = Every month the transportation cost to commute to work is 100,000 won

Answer 55

원룸 Notes: “one rooms” are a style of apartment in Korea that are very small and have everything (including kitchen, laundry area, living area and bedroom) put in one tiny space. It is also possible to say “투룸”(two room) or “쓰리룸” (three room). A “two room” apartment usually means “two bedrooms, plus a common area (kitchen, living area, etc),” and a “three room” apartment usually means “three bedrooms plus a common area.” Examples: 보통 대학생들은 원룸에서 살아요 = Most university students live in one-rooms 이 방은 원룸이라서 너무 작아요 = This is a studio apartment, so it is too small

Answer 56

화장 Common Usages: 화장품 = cosmetics 화장실 = bathroom/restroom 화장대 = makeup table (a place where people can keep all of their makeup and put it on (a “vanity”)

Answer 57

소방 ``` Common Usages: 소방서 = fire station 소방차 = fire truck 소방관 = firefighter 소방대 = a firefighting team ```

Answer 58

초등학교 Common Usages: 초등학생 = elementary school student 초등학교 선생님 = elementary school teacher Examples: 이 학교는 초등학교라서 이 동네에 어린이들이 많아요 = This school is an elementary school, so there are a lot of children in the neighborhood 고등학교에서 일하는 대신에 초등학교에서 일하고 싶어요 = Instead of working in a high school, I want to work in an elementary school 초등학생들을 가르치려면 선생님들이 인내심이 많이 필요해요 = In order to teach elementary school students, teachers need a lot of patience

Answer 59

첫차 Common Usages: 첫차를 타다 = to take the first bus 첫차를 놓치다 = to miss the first bus Examples: 저는 내일 첫차를 타야 돼요 = I have to take the first train tomorrow 첫차가 몇 시에 출발해요? = What time does the first train depart? PLAY첫차가 출발하는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard the sound of the first car/bus departing 마을버스를 탈 때 첫차를 타면 할인을 받아요 = When riding the village bus, there’s a discount for taking the first bus

Answer 60

가격표 Common Usages: 가격표를 떼다 = to take off a price tag 가격표를 붙이다 = to put a price tag on something Examples: 이 셔츠는 가격표가 없어요 = This shirt doesn’t have a price tag 물건을 살 때 가격표를 잘 확인하고 골라야 해요 = When you buy something, you should check the price tag and then buy it 이 셔츠에 가격표가 없기 때문에 얼마인지 몰라요 = I don’t know how much this shirt costs because there is no price tag on it

Answer 61

여우 Notes: The word “여우” is often used to describe a girl who is able to get what she wants from boys using her abilities to flirt. For example: 그녀는 여우 같아요 = That girl is like a fox Examples: 야생 여우는 점점 멸종되고 있어요 = Wild foxes are gradually becoming extinct

Answer 62

의욕 Common Usages: 의욕이 넘치다 = to have a lot of motivation/drive (literally – to be overflowing with motivation) 삶의 의욕 = the will to live Examples: PLAY그 남자가 의욕이 많아 보여요 = It looks like that man has a lot of willpower/drive 매년 초에 모든 사람들은 의욕이 넘쳐요 = Everybody is filled with drive/motivation at the start of each year

Answer 63

일방적 ``` Common Usages: 일방적인 경기 = a one sided match/game 일방적인 사랑 = a one sided love (when one person likes somebody, but not vice-versa) 일방 통행 = one way (traffic) 일방통행도로 = a one-way road ``` Examples: 일방적인 사랑은 결국에 안 좋게 끝나게 돼요 = One sided loves eventually won’t end well

Answer 64

이사하다 Notes: It is also possible to say “이사 가다” to indicate that one moves somewhere. For example: 새로운 집으로 이사했어요 = I moved to a new house 새로운 집으로 이사 갔어요 = I moved to a new house In this same respect, it is also possible to indicate that one has moved to a place where the speaker is currently speaking using “오다.” For example: 옆 집에 새로운 가족이 이사 왔어요 = A new family moved in to the house next door Common Usages: 이삿짐 = one’s items that need to be moved from place to place when moving Examples: 우리는 부산으로 이사하기로 했어요 = We decided to move to Busan 직장에서 더 멀리 이사하게 되었어요 = I ended up moving farther away from work 한국에서는 이사를 하고 나면 자장면을 먹어요 = In Korea, after you move in (to a new house), you eat 자장면 저는 제 친구에게 한국으로 이사하고 싶은 이유가 뭐냐고 물어봤어요 = I asked my friend ‘what is the reason you want to move to Korea?’ 서울로 이사하든지 부산으로 이사하든지 집값은 똑같아요 = It doesn’t matter if I move to Seoul or if I move to Busan, the cost of housing is the same

Answer 65

귀국하다 Examples: 한국에 귀국하고 나서 가장 먹고 싶은 음식은 불고기예요 = After returning to Korea, the food that I will want to eat most is 불고기

Answer 66

터지다 Common Usages: 폭탄이 터지다 = for a bomb to explode 분노가 터지다 = to explode in anger 배가 터질 것 같아요 = My stomach is (probably) going to explode 사건이 터지다 = for an event/scandal/incident to erupt Examples: 공을 땅에 떨어뜨려서 공이 터졌어요 = I threw the ball on the ground and it exploded 오늘 제가 사는 곳에서 아주 큰 사건이 터졌어요 = A big scandal erupted today where I live PLAY뭔가 터지는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard something explode 배가 곧 터질 것 같아서 더 못 먹겠어요 = I can’t eat anymore because my stomach is (like it is) about to explode

Answer 67

기대다 Notes: Make sure not to confuse this word with 기대하다 (to expect, to be excited) ``` Common Usages: 문에 기대다 = to lean against a door 벽에 기대다 = to lean against a wall 사람에게 기대다 = to rely on somebody ~를/을 벽에 기대다 = to lean something against a wall ``` Examples: 허리가 아플 때는 벽에 기대는 것이 도움이 돼요 = When my back/hip hurts, it is helpful to lean against a wall 문이 완전히 열릴 때까지 버스에서 내리거나 문에 기대지 마세요 Until the door is fully/completely open, don’t get off the bus or lean on the door

Answer 68

얻다 ``` Common Usages: 인기를 얻다 = to become famous (to gain popularity) 신임을 얻다 = to gain trust 정보를 얻다 = to acquire/gain information 지식을 얻다 = to acquire/gain knowledge 기회를 얻다 = to gain/get an opportunity ``` Examples: 오늘 핸드폰을 사서 많은 사은품을 얻었어요 = I bought a cell phone today and got a lot of free stuff (thrown in) 그 회사원이 승진을 해서 동료들한테 인기를 얻었어요 = That worker’s popularity increased because he got promoted

Answer 69

임신하다 Common Usages: 임신 중절 수술 = an abortion 임신시키다 = to get a person pregnant 임신한 지 얼마나 됐어요? = How long have you been pregnant for? Examples: 20대 후반이 되면 많은 사람들이 임신을 해요 = Many people in their late 20s get pregnant 슬기가 임신해서 회사에 오는 것이 힘들겠어요 = It must be difficult for Seulgi to come to the office because she is pregnant

Answer 70

보이다 Notice that the Korean sentence above is predicated by an intransitive verb (보이다), which means it cannot act on an object. The English translation is predicated by a transitive verb (to see), which means it can act on an object. A more direct translation of the Korean sentence would be “the TV can’t be seen.” However, this phrase is often used to indicate that one cannot see something. The same could be said for the sentences below: PLAY저는 소방서가 보여요 = I can see the fire station PLAY입장료가 얼마인지 안 보여요 = I can’t see how much the admission cost is PLAY나는 여기서 산이 안 보여 = I can’t see the mountains from here PLAY초등학교가 보여요? = Can you see the elementary school? PLAY가격표가 안 보여요 = I can’t see the price tags PLAY흡연 구역이 안 보여요 = I can’t see the smoking area 공기가 맑은 곳에서는 많은 별이 보여요 = You can see a lot of stars where the air is clear You can also use 보이다 in sentences to indicate that something looks like something. By placing 같이 (which is the adverb form of the word 같다) after a noun and predicating the whole sentence with 보이다, you can create this meaning. For example: PLAY너는 원숭이 같이 보여 = You look like a monkey PLAY저의 남자친구는 교수님 같이 보여요 = My boyfriend looks like the professor PLAY너는 고등학생 같이 보여 = You look like a high school student 저의 여자친구는 연예인 같이 보여요 = My girlfriend looks like a celebrity ~아/어 보이다 can be added to adjectives to indicate that something “looks like” an adjective: 저는 그 사람보다 더 똑똑해 보여요 = I look smarter than that person PLAY왜 그렇게 행복해 보여요? = Why do you look so happy 다른 사람들이 그 남자가 잘생기지 않다고 하지만 저한테는 왠지 잘생겨 보여요 Other people say that man isn’t handsome, but to me he looks handsome for some reason 그 여자가 오늘 화장을 하지 않아서 아주 달라 보여요 = That girl looks very different today because she didn’t do her makeup

Answer 71

들리다 Common Usages: 환청이 들리다 = to hear things (hallucinations) Notes: The word 들리다 is the passive form of 듣다 and is used to indicate that something can or cannot be heard. For example: 소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear the sound Notice that the Korean sentence above is predicated by an intransitive verb (들리다), which means it cannot act on an object. The English translation is predicated by a transitive verb (to hear), which means it can act on an object. A more direct translation of the Korean sentence would be “the sound cannot be heard.” However, this phrase is often used to indicate that one cannot hear something. The same could be said for the sentences below: PLAY저는 소리가 안 들려요 = I can’t hear anything PLAY나는 네 목소리가 안 들려 = I can’t hear your voice PLAY첫차가 출발하는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard the sound of the first car/bus departing PLAY뭔가 터지는 소리가 들렸어요 = I heard something explode PLAY목소리가 잘 들려 = I hear you (your voice) well

Answer 72

짜다 Notes: In English, I would only ever say “salty” if something literally has too much salt on it. In Korea, they use this word to refer to anything that has been over-spiced, which is, in effect putting too much salt in something. Therefore, while it might be rare to hear somebody say that something is “too salty” in English, you will hear it every day in Korean. Common Usages: 짜게 먹다 = to eat something salty Examples: 한국 음식은 대체적으로 짜요 = Korean food is generally salty 우리가 너무 짜게 먹었어요 = We ate too salty (this would never be said in English, but Korean people say this often after they ate a meal that was overly spiced/salted)