Vocab Units 46-50 Flashcards
exception
예외
Common Usages:
… 예외로 하고… = except for…
예외 없이 = without exception
Examples:
그것은 유일한 예외예요 = That is the only exception
PLAY예외를 다 설명할 필요가 있어요 = You need to explain all of the exceptions
PLAY영어문법을 공부할 때 예외를 그냥 다 외워야 돼요
= When you study English grammar, you just need to memorize all of the exceptions
신입생만 예외로 하고 모든 학생들이 체육대회에 참가해야 해요
= With the exception of freshmen, all students must participate in the physical competition/event
photocopier
복사기
Examples:
PLAY복사기를 수리해야 되었어요 = We had to repair the photocopier
PLAY우리 회사는 새로운 복사기가 필요해요 = Our office needs a new photocopier
칼라 복사기가 있는 곳을 찾기 위해 한 시간 넘게 걸어 다녔어요
= In order to find a place with a color photocopier, I walked around for over an hour
오늘 새로운 복사기가 올 거라서 이 오래된 것을 버려야 돼요
= The new photocopier will come today, so we have to throw out this old one
freshman
신입생
Common Usages:
신입생 입학설명회 = an information session for potential freshmen
신입생 환영회 = freshmen orientation
Examples:
PLAY신입생들에게 반말을 해야지 = You should speak in 반말 to the freshmen students
PLAY신입생들을 위해 선물을 준비해야 할 거예요 = We will have to prepare a present for the freshmen
신입생만 예외로 하고 모든 학생들이 체육대회에 참가해야 해요 = With the exception of freshmen, all students must participate in the physical competition/event
fate
운명
Common Usages:
운명적으로 = fatefully
운명적인 사랑 = fateful love
운명에 맡기다 = to leave things to fate/to let things happen as they should
Examples:
PLAY운명을 믿어야지 = You need to trust (in) fate
제가 당신을 만나게 된 건 하늘이 정해준 운명이에요 = Meeting you was fate set by the heavens
사람들이 언젠가 죽는 것은 어쩔 수 없는 운명이다 = The fact that people die someday is an inevitable fate/destiny
vision
시력
Common Usages:
시력보호 = protection of one’s vision/eyesight
시력이 떨어지다/나빠지다 = for one’s eyesight to get worse
시력이 좋아지다 = for one’s eyesight to get better
Examples:
PLAY시력이 안 좋아서 안경을 써야 돼요 = My eyesight isn’t good so I have to wear glasses
PLAY시력이 워낙 안 좋아서 화면에 가까이 있어야 되었어요
= My eyesight isn’t good, so I had to be close to the screen
시력보호를 위해 어렸을 때부터 텔레비전을 멀리서 보는 습관을 갖는 것이 중요해요
= To protect your eyesight, it is important to get in the habit of watching television from far away from when you are young
clam
조개
Common Usages:
조갯살 = the “meat” (edible part of) a shell fish/clam
Examples:
PLAY조개를 넣어야지 = You need to put clams in
국을 끓일 때 조개를 넣어서 육수를 내면 국물이 더욱 맛있어요 = When you make “boil” soup, if you put clams into the broth, the water (“soup water”) tastes more delicious
hero
영웅
Examples:
PLAY영웅이 왕비를 살려야지 = The hero should save the queen
김연아 선수는 모든 대한민국 국민들이 좋아하는 스포츠 영웅과 같은 선수예요
= Kim Yeo-na is the kind of sports hero all Korean citizens like/love
끝까지 최선을 다할 수 있도록 힘을 주신 저의 어머님이 진정한 영웅이에요
= My mother, who puts everything she has into things (who always does her best) is a true/real hero
myth
신화
Common Usages:
건국신화 = the myth of how a nation is born (Korea’s is particularly interesting)
단군신화 = the myth of “Dangun”
Examples:
한국의 건국신화는 모두가 알아야 하는 상식입니다
= Korea’s “birth myth” is common knowledge that all people need to know
가난한 집안에서 태어나 이렇게 큰 성공을 이룬 이 사람의 이야기는 신화와 같아요
= The story of this person being born into a poor family and achieving this much success is like a myth/legend
queen
왕비
Examples:
PLAY영웅이 왕비를 살려야지 = The hero should save the queen
PLAY모든 사람들이 왕비가 하는 말을 동의해야 돼요 = Everybody has to agree with what the queen says
세계에서 가장 잘 알려진 왕비 중 한 명은 영국의 왕비에요
= The most well known queen in the world is the Queen of England
왕비가 존재하는 나라는 현재 별로 많지 않아요
= There aren’t that many nations that currently have a queen
screen
화면
Notes: This word is used to refer to the screen of something electric – like a television, computer or movie screen. To refer to the screen that keeps bugs out, the word “방충망” should be used.
Common Usages:
화면이 안 보이다 = to not be able to see the screen
Examples:
다들 화면을 볼 수 있도록 조금 비켜 주세요 = Please move a little bit so that everybody can see the screen
로그인을 이미 했지만 그 화면이 안 보여요 = I already logged in, but I don’t see that screen
시력이 워낙 안 좋아서 화면에 가까이 있어야 되었어요 = My eyesight isn’t good, so I had to be close to the screen
fence
울타리
Common Usages:
울타리를 쌓다 = to build/put up a fence
가족이라는 울타리 = the idea that a family acts as a fence to protect somebody (a child)
Examples:
울타리를 넘어야 돼요 = We need to go over the fence
강아지가 울타리를 뛰어 넘고 토끼를 뒤따라갔어요
= The puppy jumped over the fence and chased after the rabbit
저는 가족이라는 울타리 안에서 행복하게 유년시절을 보냈어요
= I spent childhood happily within what is known as the “fence of family”
to agree
동의하다
Common Usages:
동의서 = a consent form
동의함 = “I agree/accept” (usually printed on documents or the internet where you need to indicate that you “accept” something like the terms and conditions)
Examples:
PLAY제 말에 동의해야 해요 = You need to agree with what I’m saying
PLAY모든 사람들이 왕비가 하는 말을 동의해야 돼요 = Everybody has to agree with what the queen says
그 규칙에 동의하든지 안 하든지 그 규칙을 따라야 돼요
= It doesn’t matter if you agree with the rule or not, you have to follow it
야당이 새로운 정책에 동의하게 하기 위해 거짓말을 했어요
= We lied in order to make the opposition (party) agree with the new policy
이 의견에 동의하지 않는 사람은 제 사무실로 오후에 찾아오세요
= People who don’t agree with this opinion, please come and see (“find”) me in my office this afternoon
to review, to examine
검토하다
Common Usages:
철저히 검토하다 = to review thoroughly
Examples:
PLAY결과를 다시 검토해야겠다 = We’ll have to examine the results again
PLAY결과를 발표하기 전에 자료를 검토해야 돼요 = Before announcing the results, we need to examine the data
이 자료를 철저히 검토하고 나서 모두들 준비가 되면 회의를 진행하겠습니다
= After everyone has reviewed the data thoroughly and is ready, we will proceed / continue with the meeting.
to take something away
뺏다
Notes: 뺏다 is used when the sentence is in the perspective of the person taking away an object. For example:
나는 슬기에게서 핸드폰을 뺏었어요 = I took Seulgi’s cell phone away from her
뺏기다 is used when the sentence is in the perspective of the person who had the object taken from him/her.
나는 슬기에게 핸드폰을 뺏겼어요 = I had my cell phone taken away by Seulgi
Common Usages:
강제로 뺏다 = to take away against one’s will
Examples:
PLAY우리 아들이 핸드폰을 많이 쓰고 있어서 핸드폰을 뺏어야 할 것 같아요
= Our son is using his cell-phone a lot, so we’ll probably have to take it away from him
to pull out
뽑다
Notes: 빼다 and 뽑다 have very similar meanings. 뽑다 is usually used when an object is stuck into something and you need to remove it. For example, when pulling out a hair (which is stuck into your skin) 뽑다 is usually used. However, the usages often overlap. For example, when pulling out a tooth, it is acceptable to say “이빨을 뽑다” or “이빨을 빼다.”
Common Usages: 돈을 뽑다 = to take out money (from an ATM) 이빨을 뽑다 = to pull out a tooth 머리카락을 뽑다 = to pull out a hair 피를 뽑다 = to take out blood
to succeed
성공하다
Examples:
제가 친구의 성공을 너무 기뻐했어요 = I am very happy/glad about/of my friend’s success
PLAY성공하고 싶으면 매일 열심히 해야 돼요 = If you want to succeed, you need to work hard every day
게임을 하는 것만큼 일을 열심히 하면 성공할 수 있다
= If you work as much as you play games, you can succeed
가난한 집안에서 태어나 이렇게 큰 성공을 이룬 이 사람의 이야기는 신화와 같아요
= The story of this person being born into a poor family and achieving this much success is like a myth/legend
to connect
연결하다
Examples:
TV를 켜고 싶으면 이거를 TV에 연결해야 해요
= If you want to turn on the TV, you need to connect this thing to the TV
핸드폰 배터리가 떨어져서 집에 도착하자마자 충전기에 연결해서 충전을 했어요
= I ran out of battery, so as soon as I arrived home I connected (my phone) to my charger and charged it
to cooperate
협조하다
Common Usages:
협조를 구하다 = to ask/request for help/cooperation
Examples:
PLAY이 일을 끝내고 싶으면 우리는 협조해야 해요
= If you want to finish this work, we need to cooperate
경찰은 이 지역의 살인사건의 단서를 찾기 위해 지역주민들에게 협조를 구했다
= In order to find clues concerning the locality’s murder incident, police sought cooperation from local residents
to be vivid, graphic
생생하다
Common Usages:
꿈이 생생하다 = for a dream to be vivid
Examples:
어제 꾼 꿈 내용이 아직도 생생해서 기분이 이상해요
= I still vividly remember the contents of my dream (what I dreamed about) yesterday, so I feel weird
이 그림은 각 색깔의 느낌을 생생하게 표현해서 더 높은 가치가 있습니다
= This painting has a higher value because it vividly expresses the feeling of each color
to be mature
성숙하다
Examples:
PLAY직장에서 성숙하게 행동해야 돼요 = You need to act maturely at work
저는 막내이지만 형과 누나보다 더 성숙해요
= Even though I am the youngest I am more mature than my older brother and sister
보통 청소년기에 여학생들이 남학생들보다 더 성숙해요
= Usually during adolescence, female students are more mature than male students
closely
가까이
Examples:
PLAY그렇게 가까이 앉을 필요가 없어요 = There’s no need to sit that close
PLAY시력이 워낙 안 좋아서 화면에 가까이 있어야 되었어요= My eyesight isn’t good, so I had to be close to the screen
so/very, by nature
워낙
Notes: 워낙 has two meanings, and it is often hard to know which meaning is being used in a sentence. One meaning allows it to be used much like “아주” or “매우” to have the meaning of “very.” For example:
그 학생이 워낙 조용해요 = That student is very quiet
It can also be used to indicate that something has always been the case. This often translates to “originally” or “by nature,” and is similar to the meaning of “원래” in Korean. For example:
그 학생이 워낙 조용해요 = That student, by nature, is quiet
grass
잔디
Common Usages:
인조잔디 = artificial grass (“turf”)
잔디를 깎다 = to mow the lawn
Examples:
PLAY잔디를 깎아야 되지만 밖에 나가기 싫어요
= I have to cut/mow the grass/lawn, but I don’t want to go outside
잔디보호를 위해 꼭 정해진 길로만 지나가 주세요
= In order to protect the lawn, please only go/walk/pass by on the designated path
security
경비
Common Usages: 경비 아저씨 = security guard 경비실 = security office/room 경비를 강화하다 = to strengthen security 경비를 서다 = to be on guard 경비가 삼엄하다 = for security to be strict
Examples:
PLAY그 아파트가 경비 아저씨가 있지만 안전하지 않아요
= Even though that apartment (complex) has a security guard, it isn’t safe
이 곳은 사람들의 안전을 위해 열 명의 경호원들이 경비를 서요
= For the safety of this area, there are ten security guards/body guards on guard
공항에서는 테러위험방지를 위해 경비가 다른 곳보다 삼엄해요
= Security at airports is more strict to prevent against the dangers of terrorism
line
선
Notes: “줄” can also be translated to “line” and can be confused with 선. “줄” usually refers to a string or rope (and is also used to refer to a queue of people). “선” is usually more abstract or something that can’t be manipulated.
Common Usages: 호선 = a line on the subway. For example, “Line 2” 차선 = a lane (of traffic) “a car line” 국경선 = border line 시선 = one’s eye line 선을 그리다 = to draw a line 선을 긋다 = to draw a line
Examples:
주차를 이 선 안에 해야 되지 않아요? = Don’t you have to park between these lines?
2호선은 서울 도심 주위를 돌아요 = Line 2 circles around the downtown of Seoul
수학시간에 도형에 대해 배울 때는 선을 그릴 일이 많기 때문에 꼭 자를 가져와 주세요
= In math class, when you learn about figures there are many times where you will draw lines, so please bring a ruler
sense, feeling
감각
Common Usages:
감각신경 = sensory nerves
(패션) 감각이 뛰어나다 = to have a keen sense of (fashion)
감각이 마비되다 = for something to go numb (for feeling to be “paralyzed”)
Examples:
PLAY마취를 했지만 입에 아직 감각이 있어요
= I received freezing/anesthetic, but there is still feeling in my mouth
슬기는 패션 감각이 뛰어나 많은 사람들이 그녀를 패션스타라고 생각해요
= Seulgi has a keen sense of fashion, so many people think of her as a fashion star
limit
한계
Common Usages:
한계를 넘어서다 = to go over a limit
한계를 뛰어넘다 = to go over a limit
한계에 도달하다 = to reach a limit
Examples:
저는 제 자신의 한계를 뛰어넘기 위해 최선을 다해서 운동을 해요
= In order to exceed my limits, I put everything I’ve got into exercise
에베레트산을 오르는 일은 인간의 한계를 넘어서는 아주 힘든 일이에요
= Climbing Mount Everest is a difficult task that pushes the limits of humans
pain
고통
Common Usages:
뼈와 살을 깎는 고통 = an idiom for severe pain
고통을 버티다/참다 = to endure pain
고통을 감내하다 = a difficult way to say “to endure pain”
Examples:
고통으로 인해 저는 일에 집중하지 못했어요 = I couldn’t concentrate as a result of the pain
상처에 치료를 받았지만 아직 고통이 있어요 = I received treatment on my wound, but there is still pain
환자분이 느끼는 고통은 부작용 중 하나 일 뿐이에요
= The pain you are feeling is just one of the side effects
뼈가 아플 때 고통을 버티려고 이 약을 먹어요
= When your bones are sore, in order to endure the pain, take this medicine
sun
태양
Notes: 태양 is more often used in scientific usages of the word “sun.” When looking at the sun, or referring to it rising and setting, the word “해” is often used.
Common Usages:
태양계 = solar system
태양열 발전 = solar power
wound
상처
Common Usages: 상처를 받다 = to receive a wound 상처를 입다 = to be wounded 상처를 씻다 = to clean a wound 마음의 상처 = a wound to one’s mind/spirit/heart 상처를 치료하다 = to heal a wound
Examples:
상처에 치료를 받았지만 아직 고통이 있어요 = I received treatment on my wound, but there is still pain
제가 어렸을 때 왕따를 당한 것은 마음의 상처가 되었어요 = Suffering as an outcast when I was young left scars on my spirit
to stick out of, to stretch out of
내밀다
Common Usages:
혀를 내밀다 = to stick out one’s tongue
명함도 못 내밀다 = to not be able to get anywhere with a skillset
Examples:
친구는 저를 놀리기 위해 혀를 내밀면서 제 별명을 불렀어요
= To tease me, my friend called out my nickname while sticking out his tongue
이 정도의 경험으로는 이 회사에 명함도 못 내밀어요
= With that level of experience, he won’t get anywhere (won’t even be able to give out his business card)
to shout, to scream
소리 지르다
Notes: This is technically two words in Korean, but they often come hand-in-hand, and in English “scream” is only one word.
소리 질러! = “Make some noise!” (Common at a rock concert or some event with a crowd)
Examples:
소리를 많이 질러도 그는 제 말을 듣지 못했어요
= Regardless of how much I screamed he didn’t hear my voice
시위자들이 소리를 지르기도 했고 가게창문을 깨기도 했어요
= The protesters screamed and also broke store windows too
저는 동생을 간지럽게 해서 소리를 지르게 했어요
= I tickled my younger brother to the point that it made him scream
위험에 처하면 망설이지 말고 크게 소리를 지르세요!
= When you run into danger, don’t hesitate, and just scream loudly!
to give someone an anesthetic
마취하다
Common Usages:
전신마취 = full/general anesthetic
부분마취 = local anesthetic
Examples:
PLAY마취를 했지만 입에 아직 감각이 있어요
= I received freezing/anesthetic, but there is still feeling in my mouth
통증에도 불구하고 마취 없이 소화기관에 수술을 받았어요
= Despite the pain, he had surgery on his digestive organs without anesthesia
전신마취를 하는 것은 건강에 좋지 않고 위험하니 신중하게 고려해야 합니다
= Getting general anesthesia isn’t good for your health and is dangerous, so you should think carefully (about it)
to appear, to come in view
나타내다
Common Usages:
감정을 나타내다 = to show one’s emotions
Examples:
이 사진이 무언가를 나타내기 위해 찍은 사진 같아서 분석을 해 봐야 해요
= I think this picture was taken to show something, so we should analyze it
이 미술작품은 행복한 가족을 나타내는 작품으로 10만 달러 이상의 가치가 있습니다
= This work of art shows a happy family, and it is worth more than 100,000 dollars
to participate
참가하다
Common Usages:
대회에 참가하다 = to participate in a competition
Examples:
PLAY그 경기에 참가하고 싶지만 네가 안 하면 나도 안 할래
= I want to participate in the match, but if you don’t do it, then I won’t
신입생만 예외로 하고 모든 학생들이 체육대회에 참가해야 해요
= With the exception of freshmen, all students must participate in the physical competition/event
미술대회에 참가하는 신입생들은 잊지 말고 꼭 10시까지 모여주세요
= Freshmen participating in the art competition, don’t forget, and be sure to gather by 10 o’clock
to appear, come in view
나타나다
Examples:
이 길을 계속 따라가다 보면 찾고 있는 시장이 나타날 거예요
= If you keep following this road, the market you are looking for will appear, come into view
PLAY모든 사람들이 그를 싫어하지만 그는 파티에 나타났어요
= Even though everybody hates him, he showed up at the party
PLAY그 사람의 얼굴이 기억 안 났지만 갑자기 제 꿈에 나타났어요
= I had forgotten that person’s face, but it suddenly appeared to me in my dream
반 이상의 학생들이 늦게 약속장소에 나타나서 선생님이 화가 났어요
= The teacher was mad because more than half of the students showed up late to the meeting place
to do something first
우선
Notes: 우선 is used to indicate that one action will occur before doing something else, usually because the first action has priority over the second. It is hard to give a translation that fits every usage, but often times you will see the translation as “priority.”
Examples:
우리가 가기 전에 나는 우선 밥을 먹고 싶어 = Before we go, I want to eat first
PLAY오늘 우리가 달에 대한 것을 배울 거지만 우선 태양에 대한 것을 배워야 돼요
= Today, we’ll learn about the moon, but first, we must learn about the sun
우선 내일 무엇을 입을지 정하기 위해 옷장을 확인했다
= First things first, in order to set what I will wear for tomorrow, I checked my closet
우선 비행기표를 사고 나서 함께 일정을 짜는 게 더 나을 것 같아요
= It will probably be better if we first buy the plane ticket and then set the plans together
하지만 펭귄이 있는 곳은 동물원 입구에서 멀다고 하니 아빠와 나는 우선 다른 동물들을 먼저 봤다 = But (because) the place the penguins are was said to be far from the zoo entrance, so Dad and I saw other animals first
beyond, over
너머
Notes: 너머 is used to describe a location “beyond” a specified noun. The location being described is usually ambiguous, but “너머” allows the speaker to indicate that (even though we don’t exactly where location is), we do know that it happened beyond a specific noun. For example, look at the following sentence:
저는 창문 너머로 봤어요 = I looked beyond (through) the window
garden
정원
Notes: In Korea, most people don’t own a house with a yard or grass. “정원” is used to refer to having a house with any form of grass, and it doesn’t necessarily need to be a garden with flowers.
Common Usages:
정원사 = gardener
정원을 가꾸다 = to look after a garden (or simply “to garden”)
Examples:
정원이 있는 집에서 사는 게 제 꿈이에요 = It is my dream to live in a house with a garden
나이가 먹으면 정원을 가꾸는 것은 좋은 운동이에요 = When you get older, doing gardening is good exercise
PLAY그 정원이 아름다워도 내일 그 장소에서 건물을 지을 거예요 = Regardless of if that garden is beautiful, tomorrow we will construct a building on that location
baby animals
새끼
Notes: When an animal has a baby, Korean people call the babies “새끼” instead of “애기.”
Common Usages:
개새끼 = Technically this translates to a “baby dog,” but this is a very derogatory term in Korea
새끼를 낳다 = to give birth to a baby
Examples:
PLAY어미를 찾아도 이미 고양이 새끼가 다 죽었어요
= Regardless of if you find the mother, the baby cats (kittens) all died
이 강아지는 새끼를 가져서 매우 예민하니 조심해 주세요
= Since this dog has puppies it is very sensitive, so please be careful
어미는 새끼에게 먹이를 주기 위해 매일 아침마다 사냥을 해요
= The mother hunts every morning in order to feed her babies
mother for animals
어미
Notes: When an animal has a baby, Korean people don’t call the mother “어머니.” Instead, they call them “어미.” For a Korean beginner, this word usually only comes up if you read children’s stories, where the characters are often animals.
Examples:
PLAY어미를 찾아도 이미 고양이 새끼가 다 죽었어요
= Regardless of if you find the mother, the baby cats (kittens) all died
어미는 새끼에게 먹이를 주기 위해 매일 아침마다 사냥을 해요
= The mother hunts every morning in order to feed her babies
half price
반값
Common Usages:
반값할인 = half price discount
Examples:
저는 이 책을 반값에 샀어요 = I bought this shirt for half price
PLAY그 제품을 반값으로 줘도 저는 안 살 거예요
= Regardless of if you give me that product at half price, I’m not going to buy it
내일 백화점에서 몇몇 브랜드가 반값할인을 할 예정이니 꼭 가서 쇼핑을 해야 해요
= I need to go shopping in the department store tomorrow because some of the brands are scheduled to have a half-price discount
the outcome of a game (a win or loss)
승패
Common Usages:
승패를 다투다 = to fight/compete for victory (and, by context, to not lose)
승패를 떠나… = Win or lose…
Examples:
승패를 떠나 결과를 받아들이는 자세는 매우 중요해요
= Win or lose, the attitude of acceptance is extremely important
오늘 삼성과 두산은 이번 시즌 우승을 위한 마지막 승패를 다툴 예정입니다
= Today, Samsung and Doosan (the sponsoring companies of two baseball teams in Korea) are scheduled to fight/compete (in the last game) for this season’s title
individual/ly
개별
Common Usages:
개별 과제 = individual task
개별적으로 = individually
Examples:
나이가 아무리 어려도 막내를 포함해 모든 사람들은 개별로 신청해야 돼요
= Regardless of how young, including the youngest, every person must apply individually
이 대회에 참가하고 싶은 학생은 개별적으로 신청해주세요
= Students, please apply individually if you want to participate in this competition
