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EMT-Basic > Vocab List One > Flashcards

Vocab List One Flashcards

1
Q

the front surface of the body

A

Anterior

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2
Q

regarding anatomical position: situated remote from the surface

A

Deep

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3
Q

pertaining to the back surface of the body

A

Dorsal

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4
Q

stretching, or moving jointed parts into or toward a straight condition.

A

Extension

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5
Q

situated outside

A

External

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6
Q

bending, or moving jointed parts into or toward a straight condition.

A

flexion

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7
Q

Regarding anatomical position: situated below

A

inferior

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8
Q

Regarding anatomical position: situated inside

A

internal

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9
Q

situated away from the body’s midline

A

lateral

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10
Q

lying horizontal on the left side.

A

left lateral recumbent

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11
Q

situated toward the body’s midline.

A

Medial

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12
Q

away from a central structure

A

peripheral

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13
Q

pertaining to the back surface of the body

A

posterior

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14
Q

lying horizontal, face down and flat

A

prone

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15
Q

situated nearest the point of origin

A

proximal

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16
Q

a drawing back, as the tongue.

A

retraction

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17
Q

situated near the surface

A

superficial

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18
Q

situated above

A

superior

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19
Q

lying horizontal, flat not he back and face up

A

supine

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20
Q

Brady-

A

slow

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21
Q

bradycardia

A

an abnormally slow heart rate

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22
Q

Cardio-

A

heart

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23
Q

cardiogenic

A

origination in the heart

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24
Q

Contra-

A

against, opposite

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25
Q

contraindicated

A

inadvisable

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26
Q

Inter-

A

between

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27
Q

intercostal

A

between two ribs

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28
Q

Intra-

A

within

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29
Q

introral

A

within the mouth

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30
Q

Naso-

A

nose

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31
Q

oronasal

A

pertaining to the nose and mouth

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32
Q

-pnea

A

breath, breahting

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33
Q

orthopnea

A

difficult breathing except in an upright position.

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34
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs

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35
Q

Super-

A

above, excess

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36
Q

superficial

A

lying on or near the surface

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37
Q

Supra-

A

Above, over

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38
Q

suprapubic

A

situated above the pubic arch.

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39
Q

Tachy-

A

fast

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40
Q

tachycardia

A

a very fast heart rate

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41
Q

A-

A

without, lacking, deficient

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42
Q

afebrile

A

without fever

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43
Q

BI-

A

two, twice, double, both

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44
Q

bilateral

A

pertaining to two sides

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45
Q

DYS-

A

bad, difficult, abnormal, incomplete.

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46
Q

dyspnea

A

labored breathing

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47
Q

Hem/a, Hem/o, Hemat/o

A

blood

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48
Q

hematomat

A

a localized collection of blood

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49
Q

Or/O

A

mouth

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50
Q

oral

A

pertaining to the mouth

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51
Q

any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart

A

artery

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52
Q

auscultation

A

listening

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53
Q

AVPU what is the acronym stand for and what does it classify?

A

alert, verbal response, painful response, unresponsive.

Classifies a patient’s level of responsiveness.

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54
Q

The force of blood against the walls of the blood vessels?

A

blood pressure.

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55
Q

Artery of the upper arm.

A

brachial artery

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56
Q

a thin-walled, microscopic blood vessel where oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place.

A

capillary

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57
Q

the pulse felt along the large carotid artery on either side of the neck.

A

carotid pulse

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58
Q

specific signs of circumstances under which it is not appropriate and may be harmful to administer a particular drug to a patient.

A

contraindications

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59
Q

a blue or gray color resulting from lack of oxygen in the body.

A

cyanosis

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60
Q

the pressure remaining in the arteries when the heart is relaxed and refilling.

A

diastolic blood pressure.

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61
Q

a condition of being stretched, inflated, or larger than normal.

A

distention

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62
Q

shortness of breath; labored or difficult breathing.

A

dyspnea

63
Q

specific signs of circumstances under which it is appropriate to administer a drug to a patient.

A

indications

64
Q

touching or feeling. Apulse or blood pressure may be palpated with the fingertips.

A

palpation

65
Q

the supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the
body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.

A

perfusion

66
Q

the vessels that carry blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary arteries.

67
Q

the rhythmic beats felt as the heart pumps blood through the arteries.

A

pulse

68
Q

inadequate perfusion of the cells and tissues of the body caused by insufficient flow of blood through the capillaries.

A

shock

69
Q

an indication of a patient’s condition that is objective, or can be observed by another person; an indication that can be seen, heard, smelled, or felt by the EMT-B or others.

A

sign

70
Q

the breastbone

A

sternum

71
Q

the pressure created when the heart contracts and forces blood out into the arteries

A

systolic blood pressure

72
Q

the “windpipe”; the structure that connects the pharynx to the l lungs.

A

trachea

73
Q

a position in which the patient’s feet and legs are higher than the head

A

Trendelenburg position

74
Q

the breathing in of air or oxygen or providing breaths artificially.

A

ventilation

75
Q

the inferior portion of the sternum

A

xiphoid process

76
Q

A scratch or a scrape

A

Abrasion

77
Q

The microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange with the
bloodstream takes place.

A

Alveoli

78
Q

The largest artery in the body

A

Aorta

79
Q

Absence of breathing

A

Apnea

80
Q

when the heart stops producing electrical impulses.

A

Asystole

81
Q

the two upper chambers of the heart

A

Atria

82
Q

a slow heart rate: any pulse below 60 beats per min(bpm)

A

bradycardia

83
Q

the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

A

cerebrospinal fluid (csf)

84
Q

an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside

A

closed wound

85
Q

to get smaller

A

constrict

86
Q

blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart

A

coronary arteries

87
Q

the grating sound or feeling of broken bones rubbing together: also called crepitus.

A

Crepitation

88
Q

the muscular structure that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

A

Diaphragm

89
Q

to get larger

A

dialte

90
Q

swelling resulting from the buildup of fluid in the tissues

A

Edema

91
Q

the outer layer of skin

A

epidermis

92
Q

the leaf-shaped structure that prevents food and foreign matter from entering the trachea

A

epiglottis

93
Q

the breaking of a bone

A

fracture

94
Q

swelling cause by the collection of blood under the skin

A

hematoma

95
Q

an insufficiency of oxygen int he body’s tissues (cells)

A

hypoxia

96
Q

laceration

A

a cut

97
Q

open wound

A

an injury in which the skin is interrupted exposing the tissue beneath

98
Q

movement of a part of the chest in the opposite direction of the rest of the chest during respirations.

A

paradoxical motion

99
Q

the black center of the eye

A

pupil

100
Q

hypoperfusion

A

shock

101
Q

the stretching or tearing of ligaments

A

sprain

102
Q

a rapid heart rate; any pulse rate over 100 bpm?

A

tachycardia

103
Q

the windpipe; the structure that connects the pharynx to the lungs.

A

trachea

104
Q

any blood vessel returning blood to the heart

A

vein

105
Q

the two lower chambers of the heart

A

ventricles.

106
Q

bleeding from an artery, which is characterized by bright red blood and is rapid, profuse, and difficult to control.

A

Arterial bleeding

107
Q

the major artery of the upper arm.

A

brachial artery

108
Q

bleeding from capillaries, which is characterized by a slow, oozing flow of blood.

A

capillary bleeding

109
Q

shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss, but by inadequate pumping action of the heart. It is often the result of a heart attack or congestive
heart failure.

A

cardiogenic shock

110
Q

when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to
maintain perfusion.

A

compensated shock

111
Q

occurs when the body can no longer compensate for low blood
volume or lack of perfusion. Late signs such as decreasing blood pressure become evident.

A

Decompensated shock

112
Q

the major artery supplying the thigh.

A

femoral artery

113
Q

refers to the optimum limit of one hour between time of injury and surgery at the hospital.

A

golden hour

114
Q

bleeding, especially severe bleeding.

A

hemorrhage

115
Q

shock resulting from blood loss

A

hemorrhagic shock

116
Q

inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body’s cells to
supply them with oxygen and nutrients.

A

Hypoperfusion

117
Q

shock resulting from blood or fluid loss.

A

hypovolemic shock

118
Q

when the body has lost the battle to maintain perfusion to vital organs.
Even if adequate vital signs return, the patient may die days later due to organ failure.

A

Irreversible Shock

119
Q

hypoperfusion due to nerve paralysis (sometimes caused by spinal cord
injuries) resulting in the dilation of blood vessels that increases the volume of the circulatory
system beyond the point where it can be filled.

A

Neurogenic shock

120
Q

the supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the cells and tissues of the
body as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.

A

Perfusion

121
Q

refers to an optimum limit of ten minutes at the scene with a serious
trauma patient.

A

Platinum Ten Minutes

122
Q

a bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage to apply
pressure to help control bleeding.

A

pressure dressing

123
Q

a site where a main artery lies near the surface of the body and directly over a
bone. Pressure on such a point can stop distal bleeding.

A

pressure point

124
Q

also know as hypoperfusion. The inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to
the body’s cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. A life-threatening condition.

A

shock

125
Q

a device used for bleeding control that constricts all blood flow to and from an
extremity.

A

tourniquet

126
Q

bleeding from a vein, which is characterized by dark red or maroon blood
and as a steady flow, easy to control.

A

venous bleeding

127
Q

gas bubble in the bloodstream.

A

air embolism

128
Q

an exaggerated immune response

A

allergic reaction

129
Q

the dilation, or ballooning, of a weakened section of the wall of an artery.

A

aneurysm

130
Q

pain in the chest, occurring when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of the heart muscle is not receding enough oxygen.

A

angina pectoris

131
Q

a condition in which artery walls become hard and stiff due to calcium deposits.

A

arteriosclerosis

132
Q

the ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own

A

automaticity.

133
Q

the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions

A

autonomic nervous system

134
Q

a system of specialized muscle tissues that conduct
electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat.

A

cardiac conduction system

135
Q

the brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system (CNS)

136
Q

the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord

A

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

137
Q

mild closed head injury without detectable damage to the brain.
Complete recovery is usually expected.

A

concussion

138
Q

the failure of the heart to pump efficiently,
leading to excessive blood or fluids in the lungs, the body, or both.

A

congestive heart failure (CHF)

139
Q

a bruise; in brain injuries, a bruised brain caused when the force of a
blow to the head is great enough to rupture blood vessels.

A

Contusion

140
Q

an intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in
the abdomen.

A

Evisceration

141
Q

high blood sugar.

A

hyperglycemia

142
Q

low blood sugar.

A

hypoglycemia

143
Q

a hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as medication by many diabetics

A

insulin

144
Q

bulging of the neck veins

A

jugular vein distention (JVD)

145
Q

a medication that dilates the blood vessels.

A

nitroglycerin

146
Q

accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles

A

pedal edema

147
Q

What are the three planes of the body?

A

Coronal (frontal) plane.
Sagittal (longitudinal) plane.
Transverse (axial) plane.

148
Q

Separates the front (anterior) and back (posterior) of the body.

A

Coronal (frontal) plane

149
Q

separates the left and right sides of the body.

A

Sagittal (longitudinal) plane

150
Q

separates the upper (superior) and lower (inferior) halves of the body.

A

Transverse (axial) plane

151
Q

What is the soft, semi flexible material that is found within joints?

A

Cartilage.

152
Q

There are more than _______ muscles in the musculoskeletal system.

A. 200
B. 400
C. 600
D. 800

A

C. 600

153
Q
A

EMT-Basic (11 decks)

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