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EMT-Basic > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin trade name?

A

Bayer

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2
Q

Aspirin Class?

A

NSAID, Antiplatelet

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3
Q

Aspirin MOA?

A

Anti-inflammatory agent and anti-fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping, thereby decreasing formation of new clots.

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4
Q

Aspirin indications?

A

Pain, fever, inflammation, chest pain of cardiac origin

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5
Q

Aspirin Contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity, recent bleeding, Peptic ulcer, bleeding disorders, children with viral infections (Reye’s syndrome)

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6
Q

Aspirin side effects?

A

Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reactions.

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7
Q

Aspirin Route?

A

Oral (PO)

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8
Q

Aspirin dose?

A

160-325mg for chest pain (adults).

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9
Q

Aspirin interactions?

A

Caution with patients who are taking anticoagulants.

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10
Q

Aspirin administration concerns?

A

Do not administer for pain caused by trauma or for fevers in children; patients with chest pain must be able to chew tablets.

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11
Q

Albuterol trade name?

A

Ventolin, ProAir

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12
Q

Albuterol Class?

A

Beta-2 Agonist

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13
Q

Albuterol MOA?

A

Simulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation.

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14
Q

Albuterol indications?

A

Asthma, difficulty breathing with wheezing. Bronchospasm.

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15
Q

Albuterol contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity, tachycardia; chest pain of cardiac origin.

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16
Q

Albuterol Side effects?

A

tachycardia, tremors, anxiety.

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17
Q

Albuterol Dose?

A

1-2 inhalations, wait 5 minutes before repeating dose.

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18
Q

Albuterol Route?

A

Inhalation

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19
Q

Albuterol administration concerns?

A

Patient must inhale in one breath, coach patient on holding breath for 5 seconds after inhalation.

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20
Q

Epinephrine Trade Name?

A

EpiPen

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21
Q

Epinephrine class?

A

Alpha/Beta Adrenergic agonist

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22
Q

Epinephrine MOA?

A

Stimulates nervous system. Causes bronchodilation and vasoconstriction

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23
Q

Epinephrine Indications?

A

Anaphylaxis, severe asthma

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24
Q

Epinephrine contraindications?

A

Chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension.

NONE in life-threatening situations.

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25
Q

Epinephrine side effects?

A

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness.

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26
Q

Epinephrine interactions?

A

Increase effects of other nervous system stimulants.

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27
Q

Epinephrine dose?

A

0.3mg for adults.
.15mg for children.

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28
Q

Epinephrine administration concerns?

A

Medication will last approximately 5 minutes. Do not repeat dose.

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29
Q

Naloxone trade name?

A

Narcan

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30
Q

Naloxone Class?

A

Opioid antagonist

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31
Q

Naloxone MOA?

A

Reverses respiratory depression. Competes with opioids at receptor sites, reversing effects.

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32
Q

Nalaxone Indications?

A

Opioid poisoning. Pinpoint pupils

33
Q

Naloxone Contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity

34
Q

Naloxone route?

A

Intramuscular, Nasal

35
Q

Naloxone side effects?

A

Nausea, vomiting

36
Q

Naloxone dose?

A

2mg IN.
IM auto-injector

37
Q

Naloxone Admin concerns?

A

Patients may wake up combative.

38
Q

Nitroglycerin trade name?

A

Nitrostat, Nitro-Bid

39
Q

Nitroglycerin class?

A

Nitrate Vasodilator

40
Q

Nitroglycerin MOA?

A

Dilates blood vessels (vasodilation)

41
Q

Nitroglycerin Indications?

A

Chest pain of cardiac origin

42
Q

Nitroglycerin Contraindications?

A

Hypotension.
Viagra use within previous 24 hours.
Any head injury.

43
Q

Nitroglycerin side effects?

A

Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea

44
Q

Nitroglycerin dose?

A

.4mg, 3 doses over 15 minute period.

45
Q

Oral Glucose class?

A

carbohydrate.

46
Q

Oral Glucose MOA?

A

Provides glucose for cell use.

47
Q

Oral Glucose indications?

A

Hypoglycemia

48
Q

Oral Glucose contraindications?

A

Decreased level of consciousness.
Nausea.
Vomiting.

49
Q

Oral Glucose side effects?

A

hyperglycemia if overused.
Nausea.
Vomiting

50
Q

Oxygen class?

51
Q

Oxygen MOA?

A

Provides oxygen to be absorbed by lungs.
Reverses hypoxia.

52
Q

Oxygen indications?

A

hypoxia.
respiratory distress.

53
Q

Oxygen contraindications?

A

Do not use near open flames.

Do not use on patient with COPD.

54
Q

Oxygen dose?

A

2-15 L/min (titrate to SpoO2 >93%)

55
Q

Oxygen route?

A

Inhalation (nasal cannula, mask)

56
Q

Acetaminophen trade name?

57
Q

Acetaminophen class?

A

Analgesic, antipyretic

58
Q

Acetaminophen MOA?

A

Analgesic.
Fever reducer.

59
Q

Analgesic?

A

reduces or eliminates pain.

60
Q

Acetaminophen indications?

A

Pain, fever.

61
Q

Acetaminophen contraindications?

A

hypersensitivity.
liver disease.

62
Q

Acetaminophen routes?

63
Q

Acetaminophen dose?

A

500-1,000 mg every 4 hours as needed.

64
Q

Diphenhydramine trade name?

65
Q

Diphenhydramine class?

A

Antihistamine (H1 Blocker)

66
Q

Diphenhydramine MOA?

A

blocks histamine receptors, reducing allergic symptoms.

67
Q

Diphenhydramine indications?

A

Mild allergic reaction

68
Q

Diphenhydramine contraindications?

A

asthma.
glaucoma.
hypertension.
infants.

69
Q

Diphenhydramine side effects?

A

Sedation (sleepy), dry mouth, urinary retention.

70
Q

Diphenhydramine dose?

A

25 to 50mg

71
Q

Ibuprofen trade name?

72
Q

Ibuprofen class?

73
Q

Ibuprofen MOA?

A

NSAID that reduces inflammation and fever.
analgesic.

74
Q

Ibuprofen indications?

A

mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches.

75
Q

Ibuprofen contraindications?

A

peptic ulcer.
renal impairment.
hypersensitivity.

76
Q

Ibuprofen side effects?

A

Nausea.
Vomiting.
stomach pain.
stomach bleeding.
allergic reactions

77
Q

Ibuprofen dose?

A

200-400mg every 4 to 6 hours.

EMT-Basic (17 decks)

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