Pharmacology Flashcards by Thomas Berry

Aspirin trade name?

Bayer

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Aspirin Class?

NSAID, Antiplatelet

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Aspirin MOA?

Anti-inflammatory agent and anti-fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping, thereby decreasing formation of new clots.

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Aspirin indications?

Pain, fever, inflammation, chest pain of cardiac origin

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Aspirin Contraindications?

Hypersensitivity, recent bleeding, Peptic ulcer, bleeding disorders, children with viral infections (Reye’s syndrome)

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Aspirin side effects?

Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reactions.

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Aspirin Route?

Oral (PO)

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Aspirin dose?

160-325mg for chest pain (adults).

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Aspirin interactions?

Caution with patients who are taking anticoagulants.

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Aspirin administration concerns?

Do not administer for pain caused by trauma or for fevers in children; patients with chest pain must be able to chew tablets.

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Albuterol trade name?

Ventolin, ProAir

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Albuterol Class?

Beta-2 Agonist

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Albuterol MOA?

Simulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation.

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Albuterol indications?

Asthma, difficulty breathing with wheezing. Bronchospasm.

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Albuterol contraindications?

Hypersensitivity, tachycardia; chest pain of cardiac origin.

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Albuterol Side effects?

tachycardia, tremors, anxiety.

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Albuterol Dose?

1-2 inhalations, wait 5 minutes before repeating dose.

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Albuterol Route?

Inhalation

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Albuterol administration concerns?

Patient must inhale in one breath, coach patient on holding breath for 5 seconds after inhalation.

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Epinephrine Trade Name?

EpiPen

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Epinephrine class?

Alpha/Beta Adrenergic agonist

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Epinephrine MOA?

Stimulates nervous system. Causes bronchodilation and vasoconstriction

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Epinephrine Indications?

Anaphylaxis, severe asthma

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Epinephrine contraindications?

Chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension.

NONE in life-threatening situations.

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Epinephrine side effects?

Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness.

Epinephrine interactions?

Increase effects of other nervous system stimulants.

Epinephrine dose?

0.3mg for adults. .15mg for children.

Epinephrine administration concerns?

Medication will last approximately 5 minutes. Do not repeat dose.

Naloxone trade name?

Narcan

Naloxone Class?

Opioid antagonist

Naloxone MOA?

Reverses respiratory depression. Competes with opioids at receptor sites, reversing effects.

Nalaxone Indications?

Opioid poisoning. Pinpoint pupils

Naloxone Contraindications?

Hypersensitivity

Naloxone route?

Intramuscular, Nasal

Naloxone side effects?

Nausea, vomiting

Naloxone dose?

2mg IN. IM auto-injector

Naloxone Admin concerns?

Patients may wake up combative.

Nitroglycerin trade name?

Nitrostat, Nitro-Bid

Nitroglycerin class?

Nitrate Vasodilator

Nitroglycerin MOA?

Dilates blood vessels (vasodilation)

Nitroglycerin Indications?

Chest pain of cardiac origin

Nitroglycerin Contraindications?

Hypotension. Viagra use within previous 24 hours. Any head injury.

Nitroglycerin side effects?

Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea

Nitroglycerin dose?

.4mg, 3 doses over 15 minute period.

Oral Glucose class?

carbohydrate.

Oral Glucose MOA?

Provides glucose for cell use.

Oral Glucose indications?

Hypoglycemia

Oral Glucose contraindications?

Decreased level of consciousness. Nausea. Vomiting.

Oral Glucose side effects?

hyperglycemia if overused. Nausea. Vomiting

Oxygen class?

gas

Oxygen MOA?

Provides oxygen to be absorbed by lungs. Reverses hypoxia.

Oxygen indications?

hypoxia. respiratory distress.

Oxygen contraindications?

Do not use near open flames. Do not use on patient with COPD.

Oxygen dose?

2-15 L/min (titrate to SpoO2 >93%)

Oxygen route?

Inhalation (nasal cannula, mask)

Acetaminophen trade name?

Tylenol

Acetaminophen class?

Analgesic, antipyretic

Acetaminophen MOA?

Analgesic. Fever reducer.

Analgesic?

reduces or eliminates pain.

Acetaminophen indications?

Pain, fever.

Acetaminophen contraindications?

hypersensitivity. liver disease.

Acetaminophen routes?

PO (oral)

Acetaminophen dose?

500-1,000 mg every 4 hours as needed.

Diphenhydramine trade name?

Benadryl

Diphenhydramine class?

Antihistamine (H1 Blocker)

Diphenhydramine MOA?

blocks histamine receptors, reducing allergic symptoms.

Diphenhydramine indications?

Mild allergic reaction

Diphenhydramine contraindications?

asthma. glaucoma. hypertension. infants.

Diphenhydramine side effects?

Sedation (sleepy), dry mouth, urinary retention.

Diphenhydramine dose?

25 to 50mg

Ibuprofen trade name?

Motrin

Ibuprofen class?

NSAID

Ibuprofen MOA?

NSAID that reduces inflammation and fever. analgesic.

Ibuprofen indications?

mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches.

Ibuprofen contraindications?

peptic ulcer. renal impairment. hypersensitivity.

Ibuprofen side effects?

Nausea. Vomiting. stomach pain. stomach bleeding. allergic reactions

Ibuprofen dose?

200-400mg every 4 to 6 hours.