Chapter 6 Flashcards
Covering each lung is a layer of very smooth, glistening tissue called ________.
pleura
The ______________ is the outer layer that lines the chest wall and diaphragm.
parietal pleura
The _______________ is the inner layer that is directly attached to the surface of the lungs.
visceral pleura
What is the mathematical equation for cardiac output?
Cardiac Output = Heart Rate * Stroke Volume
What body system is considered to be the most complex?
A. Cardiovascular
B. Nervous
C. Musculoskeletal
D. Integumentary
B. Nervous
What body system has the largest single organ?
A. Integumentary
B. Nerous
C. Skeletal
D. Endocrine
A. Integumentary System
Which organ is the integumentary system associated with?
Skin
Twelve pairs of ribs attach to the __________ section of the spinal column.
Thoracic
The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the…
Greater trochanter
Together, the right and left lungs contain ___________ lobes.
Five
Which of the following are central pulses?
A. Femoral and carotid
B. Brachial and radial
C. Temporal and pedal
D. popliteal and ulnar
A. Femoral and carotid
Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in…
A. tachycardia
B. a strong pulse.
C. vasoconstriction
D. a slower heart rate.
D. a slower heart rate.
The _________ fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.
Liver
Abnormalities in metabolism are most likely to be caused by dysfunction of the…
A. Pancreas
B. thyroid gland
C. adrenal gland
D. parathyroid gland
A. Pancreas
Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular:
Disease
Which of the following statements regarding aerobic metabolism is correct?
A. Anaerobic metabolism can be supported in most of the body’s cells for up to 10 minutes.
B. Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular oxygen is limited.
C. The body functions optimally and produces maximum ATP during aerobic metabolism.
D. Without anaerobic metabolism, perfusion to the body will suffer and cellular death will occur.
B. Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular oxygen is limited.
The air you breathe is ________ oxygen, and the air you exhale is ________ oxygen.
21% Oxygen
16% Oxygen
The nose, chin, umbilicus (navel), and spine are examples of __________ anatomical structures.
midline
The axial skeleton is composed of the:
A. arms, legs, and pelvis.
B. lower part of the torso and the legs.
C. skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.
D. bones that constitute the pelvic girdle.
C. skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.
Which of the following is not a facial bone:
A. Mastoid
B. Maxilla
C. Mandible
D. Zygoma
A. Mastoid
The mastoid is part of the _______ bone.
Temporal
The maxilla is a ______ bone.
facial
the mandible is a ________ bone
facial
the zygoma is a _______ bone
facial
The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the…
coccyx
The carpal bones form the…
wrist
The elbow is an example of a _________ joint.
Hinge
Skeletal muscle is also called…
striated muscle OR voluntary muscle.
What are the three types of muscle?
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the:
A. pleura
B. alveoli
C. bronchi
D. capillaries
B. alveoli
Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called…
diffusion
Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that…
contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.
The muscle tissue of the heart is called the…
myocardium
The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the….
pulmonary veins
The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the:
A. sinoatrial node.
B. bundle of His. (atrioventricular bundle)
C. purkinje fibers.
D. atrioventricular node.
A. sinoatrial (SA) node.
The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the…
capillaries
White blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by:
A. producing the body’s erythrocytes
B. producing blood-clotting factors
C. protecting the body from infection
D. carrying oxygen and other nutrients.
C. protecting the body from infection
Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include:
A. acetylcholine and insulin
B. epinephrine and norepinephrine.
C. glucagon and noradrenaline.
D. norepinephrine and acetylcholine
B. epinephrine and norepinephrine.
The central nervous system is composed of the:
A. brain and spinal cord
B. brain and sensory nerves
C. motor and sensory nerves
D. spinal cord and sensory nerves
A. brain and spinal cord
All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?
the brainstem
Which of the following organs or structures lies within the retroperitoneal space?
A. spleen
B. kidneys
C. gallbladder
D. ascending aorta
B. kidneys
Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body?
A. thyroid
B. pituitary
C. adrenal
D. parathyroid
B. pituitary
