Chapter 6

Question 1

Covering each lung is a layer of very smooth, glistening tissue called ________.

Answer 1

pleura

Question 2

The ______________ is the outer layer that lines the chest wall and diaphragm.

Answer 2

parietal pleura

Question 3

The _______________ is the inner layer that is directly attached to the surface of the lungs.

Answer 3

visceral pleura

Question 4

What is the mathematical equation for cardiac output?

Answer 4

Cardiac Output = Heart Rate * Stroke Volume

Question 5

What body system is considered to be the most complex?

A. Cardiovascular
B. Nervous
C. Musculoskeletal
D. Integumentary

Answer 5

B. Nervous

Question 6

What body system has the largest single organ?

A. Integumentary
B. Nerous
C. Skeletal
D. Endocrine

Answer 6

A. Integumentary System

Question 7

Which organ is the integumentary system associated with?

Answer 7

Skin

Question 8

Twelve pairs of ribs attach to the __________ section of the spinal column.

Answer 8

Thoracic

Question 9

The bony prominence on the lateral/superior aspect of the thigh is called the…

Answer 9

Greater trochanter

Question 10

Together, the right and left lungs contain ___________ lobes.

Answer 10

Five

Question 11

Which of the following are central pulses?

A. Femoral and carotid
B. Brachial and radial
C. Temporal and pedal
D. popliteal and ulnar

Answer 11

A. Femoral and carotid

Question 12

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in…

A. tachycardia
B. a strong pulse.
C. vasoconstriction
D. a slower heart rate.

Answer 12

D. a slower heart rate.

Question 13

The _________ fills the entire anteroposterior depth of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

Answer 13

Liver

Question 14

Abnormalities in metabolism are most likely to be caused by dysfunction of the…

A. Pancreas
B. thyroid gland
C. adrenal gland
D. parathyroid gland

Answer 14

A. Pancreas

Question 15

Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular:

Answer 15

Disease

Question 16

Which of the following statements regarding aerobic metabolism is correct?

A. Anaerobic metabolism can be supported in most of the body’s cells for up to 10 minutes.

B. Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular oxygen is limited.

C. The body functions optimally and produces maximum ATP during aerobic metabolism.

D. Without anaerobic metabolism, perfusion to the body will suffer and cellular death will occur.

Answer 16

B. Anaerobic metabolism produces lactic acid and occurs when cellular oxygen is limited.

Question 17

The air you breathe is ________ oxygen, and the air you exhale is ________ oxygen.

Answer 17

21% Oxygen
16% Oxygen

Question 18

The nose, chin, umbilicus (navel), and spine are examples of __________ anatomical structures.

Answer 18

midline

Question 19

The axial skeleton is composed of the:

A. arms, legs, and pelvis.
B. lower part of the torso and the legs.
C. skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.
D. bones that constitute the pelvic girdle.

Answer 19

C. skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a facial bone:

A. Mastoid
B. Maxilla
C. Mandible
D. Zygoma

Answer 20

A. Mastoid

Question 21

The mastoid is part of the _______ bone.

Answer 21

Temporal

Question 22

The maxilla is a ______ bone.

Answer 22

facial

Question 23

the mandible is a ________ bone

Answer 23

facial

Question 24

the zygoma is a _______ bone

Answer 24

facial

Question 25

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the...

Answer 25

coccyx

Question 26

The carpal bones form the...

Answer 26

wrist

Question 27

The elbow is an example of a _________ joint.

Answer 27

Hinge

Question 28

Skeletal muscle is also called...

Answer 28

striated muscle OR voluntary muscle.

Question 29

What are the three types of muscle?

Answer 29

Skeletal Cardiac Smooth

Question 30

As the bronchus divides into smaller bronchioles, the terminal ends of these smaller passages form the: A. pleura B. alveoli C. bronchi D. capillaries

Answer 30

B. alveoli

Question 31

Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar membrane in the lungs through a process called...

Answer 31

diffusion

Question 32

Dead space is the portion of the respiratory system that...

Answer 32

contains no alveoli and does not participate in gas exchange.

Question 33

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the...

Answer 33

myocardium

Question 34

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the....

Answer 34

pulmonary veins

Question 35

The electrical impulse of the heart normally begins at the: A. sinoatrial node. B. bundle of His. (atrioventricular bundle) C. purkinje fibers. D. atrioventricular node.

Answer 35

A. sinoatrial (SA) node.

Question 36

The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the...

Answer 36

capillaries

Question 37

White blood cells, which are also called leukocytes, function by: A. producing the body's erythrocytes B. producing blood-clotting factors C. protecting the body from infection D. carrying oxygen and other nutrients.

Answer 37

C. protecting the body from infection

Question 38

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include: A. acetylcholine and insulin B. epinephrine and norepinephrine. C. glucagon and noradrenaline. D. norepinephrine and acetylcholine

Answer 38

B. epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 39

The central nervous system is composed of the: A. brain and spinal cord B. brain and sensory nerves C. motor and sensory nerves D. spinal cord and sensory nerves

Answer 39

A. brain and spinal cord

Question 40

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?

Answer 40

the brainstem

Question 41

Which of the following organs or structures lies within the retroperitoneal space? A. spleen B. kidneys C. gallbladder D. ascending aorta

Answer 41

B. kidneys

Question 42

Which of the following glands regulates the function of all other endocrine glands in the body? A. thyroid B. pituitary C. adrenal D. parathyroid

Answer 42

B. pituitary