Vocab 27 Flashcards
Atlantic Charter
Who- Woodrow Wilson, FDR
What- A joint declaration that set out goals for the world after WWII, emphasizing self-determination, free trade, disarmament, and peace.
Where- The Whole world
When- 1941
Why- To promote countries getting along
United Nations
Who- Nations of the World (allied powers)
What- Created to prevent wars and promote growth throughout the world
Where- San Fran, Cali
When- April 25, 1945
Why- World War 2 was devastating and they wanted to prevent anything like that from happening again
Yalta Conference
Who- Churchill, Stalin, FDR
What- Talk about what to do with the land in Europe after the war.
Where- Yatla, Russia
When- February 1945
Why- Laid out the groundwork for what would occur in Europe the next few years
Containment
Who- USA, Great Britain
What- They agreed to work to contain the power of the soviet union
Where- USA
When- 1945
Why- The Soviets had a lot of power in Asia as well and they were communists which America didn’t like
Douglas MacArthur
Who- Military General
What- Governed Japan when America occupied the area
Where- Japan
When- 1940’s
Why- Japan was in a wreck after WW2, and America took control to prevent them from sticking back.
Mao Zedong
Who- Communist
What- Fought against Chinese nationalist gov in hopes of having a communist gov
Where- USA
When- 1940’s
Why- He helped create a war within China that the USA didn’t know who to support and couldn’t recognize as the power in Asia
George F. Kennan
Who- American Diplomat
What- Said “ long term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.”
Where- USA
When- 1940’s
Why- He felt the only way to deal with the soviet union was to prevent them from expanding
Marshall Plan
Who- Secretary of State George C. Marshall
What- Provide economic assistance to all European nations (including the Soviet Union) that would join in drafting a program for recovery for Europe.
Where- USA
When- June 1947
Why- Europe was in turmoil after the war and many nations need help to recover and rebuild. The US feared that they wouldn’t be able to so this was their way of helping.
Truman Doctrine
Who- George F. Kennan, Truman
What- Gave money to Turkey and Greece to stop communism and Soviet Union
Where- USA
When- 1946
Why- Soviet Forces were putting pressure on Turkey and Greece but with this the USA gave those nations money so they could prevent communism
National Security Act
Who- USA
What- Reshaped the nation’s major military and diplomatic institutions. It created a new Department of Defense to oversee all branches of the armed services. Created NCS out of the White house and CIA
Where- USA
When- 1947
Why- INcrease National security and improve efficiency in the gov by getting rid of separate agencies and merging them
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Who- USA and Western Europe
What- Group of Nations that said if you attacked one of the nations all of them would respond (their were 12 nations)
Where- Around the World
When- April 4, 1949
Why- Due to the crisis of split Berlin
NSC-68
Who- Truman and George Kennan
What- Established itself from the non-communist world and said no to communism
Where- USA
When- 1950
Why- To go against Soviet Russia
Warsaw Pact
Who- Soviet Union
What- NATO but for communists
Where- Eastern Europe
When- 1955
Why- Because other nations made NATO
Fair Deal
Who- Truman
What- expansion of Social Security benefits, the raising of the legal minimum wage from 40 to 65 cents an hour, a program to ensure full employment through aggressive use of federal spending and investment, a permanent Fair Employment Practices Act, public housing and slum clearance, long-range environmental and public works planning, and government promotion of scientific research
Where- USA
When- mid 19th century
Why- Wanted to help the country and wartime vets that had just returned
Taft-Hartley Act
Who- Congress
What- made illegal the so-called closed shop (a workplace in which no one can be hired without first being a member of a union). And although it continued to permit the creation of so-called union shops (in which workers must join a union after being hired), it permitted states to pass “right-to-work” laws prohibiting even that.
Where- USA
When- 1947
Why- There had been a growing resentment towards Unions due to Conservative opinion and labor shortages during the war
Korean War
Who- USA, South Korea, North Korea
What- Communist North Korea attacked pro-Western South Korea each side gained the other’s capital at a time but then there would be pushback.
Where- Korea
When- June 24, 1950 - 1953
Why- Due to the Cold War the tensions between communists and pro-western sides was very string and this was the breaking point for this nation
Alger Hiss
Who- Member of State Department
What- Was an accused communist and spent time in jail due to a claim that he passed gov papers onto the communist party
Where- USA
When- 1950’s
Why- This was important because it led many people to think Democrats supported communism
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
Who- Nixon
What- Went after people (Democrats and people in Hollywood) that were suspected communists
Where- USA
When-1950’s
Why- Many people at the time believed that communism was the end of the world so they created this committee to protect the American Republic
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
Who- Scientist who worked on the atomic bomb
What- Were sentenced to death due to them being accused of giving papers to the Soviet Union on the creation of the atomic bomb
Where- USA
When- 1951-1953
Why- Based on their brother-in-law’s testimony they were convicted and sentenced to death. They were communists
Whitaker Chambers
Who- Times Editor
What- Went against Alger Hiss and got him sent away. He was once a communist but then completely turned against the party.
Where- USA
When- 1950’s
Why- Got a guy who could’ve been totally innocent sent away.
Joseph McCarthy
Who- Republican Senator
What- Claimed to have a list of 205 communists in the fed gov
Where- USA
When- 1950’s
Why- McCarthy repeated and expanded his accusations, he emerged as the nation’s most prominent leader of the crusade against domestic subversion.
McCarthyism
Who- Joseph McCarthy
What- People (Mainly Republicans) against communism that believed Joseph McCarthy
Where- USA
When- 1950’s
Why- These people went after suspected communists and caused problems for the gov
