Vocab 15 Flashcards
Freedmens Bureau
Who- General Oliver O. Howard, freed African Americans
What- Distributed food to millions of former slaves and established schools and churches.
Where- South USA
When- March 1865
Why- After the Civil War the freed African Americans didn’t have anywhere to go, so this is what the Federal government did to help.
Thirteenth Amendment
Who- Lincoln
What- Abolished slavery in the Southern part of the country
Where- Southern USA
When- 1865
Why- The Civil War ended up being fought over slavery and since the Unioin won the abolishment of slavery followed through in the rest of the country.
Radical Republicans
Who- Theadeus Stevens, Charles Sumner
What- Felt the Civil and Military leaders of the Civil War be punished and the people in the South should also be punished. They also wanted to protect the rights of African Americans.
Where- USA
When- 1860’s
Why- In congress people were arguing over what they should to to the people in the South.
Andrew Johnson
Who- Democrat turned Republican, President
What- Awful guy, didn’t like the freedom that African Americans now had. His reconstruction plan was similar to the Wade-Davis Plan, required states to abide to the federal laws again.
Where- USA
When- Dec 29, 1808 - July 31, 1875
Why- There was necessary reconstruction needed in the Southern states after the Civil War and he was trying to help Southern whites.
Black Codes
Who- State Legislatures in the South
What- Laws that gave white people power over formerly enslaved people.
Where- Southern USA
When- 1866
Why- So that white people could still have power over African Americans because they were racist.
Fourteenth Amendment
Who- People of the USA
What- Defined what citizenship was in the US and gave African Americans citizenship. Penalized states that didn’t follow this
Where- USA
When- April, 1866
Why- After the Civil War African Americans were not being treated as citizens and this amendment made it so they would have the same rights as citizens.
Reconstruction Bills
Who- Radicals
What - Made it so that states had to ratify the 14th and 15th amendments and gave a plan for election officials in states that didn’t ratify it by putting military officials in those states to rule over the regions until they compromised.
Where- USA
When- 1867
Why- There needed to be a plan for after the Civil War for the Southern states because unless things were actively forced to change, nothing would change.
Fifteenth Amendment
Who- Congress
What- Made it so states couldn’t deny suffrage to any citizen based on race or skin color.
Where- USA
When- 1870
Why- It was a part of reconstruction and helped give African Americans more rights.
Hiram Revels
Who- African American who served in the Senate.
What- Was one of the Two African Americans to serve in the Senate at the time. Played an important role in politics.
Where- USA
When- 1869-1901
Why- After the War African Americans were getting more rights, especially after the 15th Amendment. This gave them the ability to partake in politics.
Segregated Schools
Who- People in the South
What- Schools in the South were becoming separated by race
Where- Southern USA
When- 1870’s
Why- People in the South were racist and didn’t want to integrate the schools when African Americans were now allowed and supposed to get an education.
Crop-lien System
Who- Farmers
What- Let farmers purchase materials with credit that they would repay with their crops.
Where- Southern USA
When- 1860’s
Why- Because of the economic hardship after the Civil War and the freeing of African Americans, farmers now had to pay their workers and they didn’t have money for that and to buy supplies so this system was created.
Sharecropping
Who- African Americans and poor white people
What- These people would live on the land and work the land and then pay the person who owned the land a share of their crop.
Where- Southern USA
When- After the Civil War 1860-1890
Why- These people at the time were too poor to own land themselves so this was a way for them to live on land and have a job at the same time.
Panic of 1873
Who- People of USA, Jay Cooke and Company, Ulysses S. Grant
What- A financial crisis that started with the failure of a big investing bank company. Then people wanted the money from the war bonds they bought so they were pressuring the government to give back that money.
Where- USA
When- 1873
Why- In response to the Panic they handed out more money which caused inflation which changed the nation drastically.
William Seward
Who- Secretary of State
What- Purchased Alaska for the US, and got some of the Hawaii Islands.
Where- USA
When- 1869
Why- Expanded the US and had bold ideas that many people hated.
Enforcement Acts
Who- Republicans in Congress
What- KKK Acts, gave the government power to suspend state courts if they were being racist and prevented states from partaking in voting discrimination.
Where- Southern USA
When- 1870-1871
Why- Reconstruction was abandoned and white supremacists were beginning to rise in the South.
Ku Klux Klan
Who- Racist people
What- Racists terrorists that would terrorized African American communities
Where- Southern USA
When- 1866
Why- reconstruction had been abandoned and these people were mad about African Americans having rights.
Compromise of 1877
Who- Rutherford B. Hayes
What- The three branches of gov had to decide who would be prez, and then Repbs agreed to remove troops from the South for Dems.
Where- USA
When- 1877
Why- Hayes needed the votes to be president and this was the way Dems would be okay with him in office.
New South
Who- People in the South (Bourbons)
What- Made Dem the main political party. Got rid of reconstruction efforts
Where- Southern USA
When- 1870’s
Why- Because of Hayes’s Presidency and the removal of troops in the South, the Southern states were given more state power and were able to undo almost everything reconstruction built.
Atlanta Compromise
Who- Booker T. Washington
What- Gave a speech on his philosophy of race. He said how they had to earn the respect of white people and that was by getting an education and proving their worth in society by contributing to it.
Where- Atlanta, Georgia
When- 1895
Why- As an advocate for vocational education he wanted to promote people to add to society and get white people to see African Americans as equals.
Booker T. Washington
Who- African American Education Advocate
What- Advocated for African American education. and race equality. Said African Americans should be educated in trades.
Where- Southern USA
When- late 1800’s
Why- He wanted African Americans to help promote themselves in society and this was a way for them to do that
Jim Crow Laws
Who- African Americans, White supremacists
What- Laws that restricted African Americans from voting by creating requirements for it, laws that segregated public and private establishments, promoted white supremacy.
Where- Southern USA
When- 1890’s
Why- Because of the removal of reconstruction the Southern States were able to get away with this inhumane treatment
Plessy vs Ferguson
Who- Supreme Court
What- Court case that ruled things could be segregated in the South if they were “separate but equal”
Where- Southern USA
When- 1890’s
Why- There was an argument that segregation violated the 14th and 13th Amendments but the Supreme Court ruled otherwise.
Ida B Wells
Who- African American Journalist
What- Co-founded the NAACP and advocated for gender and racial equality.
Where- USA
When- late 1800’s
Why- Her writing changed people’s perspective on the lynching that was going on in the US at the time.
