Vocab 16 Flashcards
Buffalo (Economic Importance)
Who- Native Americans that lived on the plains
What- Was used for food, clothes,b blankets, weapons, etc.
Where- Great Plains, USA
When- 1800’s
Why- The Buffalo influenced their way off life, they traveled to hunt it and used it for trading.
Plains Indians
Who- Native Americans who lived on the Greta Plains
What- Lived on the plains and had similar lifestyles and gender roles. Believed in spiritual gods. They would travel to hunt Buffalo. Fought white settlers.
Where- Great Plains USA
When- 1800’s
Why- They had an economic importance for the natives.
Coolies
Who- People from across the Pacific traveling to America
What- Indentured servants who’s situations where similar to slavery.
Where- USA
When- Mid 1800’s
Why- Many came seeking better working conditions and to escape the poverty from their homeland.
Chinatowns
Who- Chinese Immigrants
What- Communities of Chinese Immigrants that addressed common social and financial issues.
Where- American Cities (San Fran)
When- 1900
Why- Chinese Immigrants were coming over in search of a better life and they established communities within America based on their ethnicity
Transcontinental Rail Road
Who- Chinese Immigrants
What- Had a huge economic impact and created work for immigrants (specifically Chinese) coming to America.
Where- USA
When- 1869
Why- This transportation system connected the different parts of the country due to immigrant labor
Chinese Exclusion Act
Who- Congress
What- Banned Chinese Immigrants in the country from becoming naturalized citizens and stopped Chinese emigration for the next 10 years
Where- USA
When- 1882
Why- Congress was facing political pressures because people thought the Chinese Immigrants were uncivilized
Homestead Act
Who- Fed gov, people in the US
What- Permitted Western settlers to buy 160 acres of land for a small fee as long as the worked the land for five years.
Where- Western USA
When- 1862
Why- It would create a bigger agricultural market, it would get people to settle western lands, it was a form of government relief to people who had no prospects.
Mining
Who- Western Settlers
What- Went out west to mine for gold and silver
Where- Western US (California)
When- 1849
Why- In hopes of earning more money by mining than they would have previously earned
Rocky Mountain School
Who- Painters, Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Moran
What- Painters that would paint the ruggedness of the west that were very popular.
Where- Western USA
When- 1880’s-1890’s
Why- More people were moving out west and people wanted to portray the wilderness of the west.
Mark Twain
Who- American Writer
What- Wrote books about life on the early frontier and the far west.
Where- USA
When- 1870’s-1880’s
Why- His works reflected the yearning for freedom that the west gave people because it was the last place where you could escape civilization in America.
Frederick Jackson Turner/”Passing of the Frontier”
Who- Fredrick Turner
What- Gave speech that argued that the end of the frontier marked the end of one of the most important democratizing forces in American life.
Where- USA
When- 1893
Why- His idea was wrong because the frontier he was talking about had already been settled by natives. But he did point out that farming land would be harder to come by in the future because had all been claimed.
Buffalo (Destruction)
Who- People in the US (Natives included)
What- The hunting and increased settlement on the Great Plains was too much for the Buffalo to be able to outlive and they were basically exterminated.
Where- Great Plains, USA
When- 1875
Why- Because of settlement this happened. Important because Natives needed Buffalo to survive so this ruined their lifestyle.
Concentration Policy
Who- Native Americans, White people
What- Created reservations for indigenous people to live in. This allowed for the gov to take land easily from natives.
Where- USA
When- 1851
Why- What people wanted Native Americans to all live in one area separate from them.
George A. Custer
Who- Colonel
What- Killed Black Kettle who was from the Sand Creek Massacre
Where- Texas border, Washita River
When- 1868
Why- The Cheyenne tribe was now at war with white settlers and since he was one they killed him and his men.
Sand Creek Massacre
Who- Cheyenne tribe, Arapaho tribe, white settlers, Colonel J.M. Chivington
What- The Col killed 133 people after they had accepted the invitation of peace from the governor.
Where- Sand Creek, Colorado
When- 1864
Why- Natives were attacking settlers to get their territory back. This was the response to that
Chief Joseph
Who- Leader of Nez Perce Tribe
What- They were being forced into a reservation when some of the Native attacked and he told the others to flee the American Troops. He tried to escape to Canada but was caught right before the border and then was forced to surrender.
Where- Idaho
When- 1877
Why- This happened because of the gov forcing Natives to move to reservations. Showed that natives didn’t have a choice in this.
Little Bighorn
Who- George A. Cluster
What- Battle between whites and natives, Cluster killed the natives even though he was greatly out numbered.
Where- Southern Montana
When- 1876
Why- This battle was a result of Native resistance to giving up their land and living on reservations.
Geronimo
Who- Native American from Chiricahua Tribe
What- Didn’t want to bow down to white settlers, fought and built bases along the west coast. He eventually had to surrender because he realized he would never win
Where- West Coast
When- 1874
Why- Because of the attempt to relocate them to reservations they resisted.
Ghost Dance Movement
Who- Prophet Wovoka
What- A spiritual awakening that had a conspicuous feature that was ecstatic visions. These visions included Buffalo coming back and white people leaving the plains
Where- Nevada
When- 1890
Why- Bcuz the government had forced many natives into reservations they began hoping for their normal lives back and this was a sign of that.
Wounded Knee
Who- Seventh Calvary, Custer
What- When the Seventh Calvary tried to round up Sioux Natives, fighting broke out and the Calvary massacred the natives
Where- Wounded Knee, South Dakota
When- December 29, 1890
Why- They had resisted being put on a reservation
Commercial Agriculture
Who- Farmers
What- Specialized in cash crops, made them reliant on banks and transportation to move the crops. This lead to over production and a drop in the price of goods. Became an international business over time.
Where- USA
When- late 1800’s
Why- Because of the land the gov was giving out more people became farmers and the only way to really make money as a farmer is cash crops so that’s what people did.
