Vitamins + Minerals

Question 1

*iron supplements

drug names

Answer 1

*1 ferrous sulfate
*2 iron dextran
3 iron sucrose
4 SFGC

Question 2

iron supplements

MOA

Answer 2

replacement

Question 3

iron supplements

Tx

Answer 3

iron-deficiency anemia

-incr RBC production

Question 4

*iron supplements

A/E

Answer 4

• GI distress
• teeth staining
• anaphylaxis
• —-epinephrine 1:1,000

Question 5

iron supplements

RN/teach

Answer 5

• if intolerable, admin w food
• —-food greatly decr absorption
• teach that stool can become black or dark green
• —-usually goes away w contd use
• dilute liquid form w water/juice
• use a straw w liquid form; rinse mouth after
• monitor VS w parenteral irone
• antidote (deferozamine)
• take 1 hr before meals

Question 6

why do you monitor VS w parenteral iron?

Answer 6

risk for hypotension or anaphylaxis

Question 7

what is the antidote for iron supplements

Answer 7

deferoxamine mesylate

“-de”-remove
“fero”-iron

Question 8

when do you administer iron supplements?

Answer 8

1 hr before meals

• if intolerable, admin w food
• —-food greatly decr absorption

Question 9

vitamin B12 aka

Answer 9

cobalamin

Question 10

vitamin B12

drug name

Answer 10

cyanocobalamin

Question 11

vitamin B12

MOA

Answer 11

replacement

Question 12

vitamin B12

Tx

Answer 12

• megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
• —affects all blood cells produced in bone barrow
• loss of parietal cells (intrinsic factor)
• –means pt cant absorb IV, loss of acid

Question 13

vitamin B12

CI

Answer 13

w severe deficiency, also use folic acid in comb w B12

Question 14

absorption of B12 in sm intestines require…

Answer 14

intrinsic factor

-produced by parietal cells of stomach

Question 15

pernicious anemia leads to ______ RBCs

Answer 15

macrocytic

-more overly large RBC (megaloblasts) than normal RBC

Question 16

vitamin B12

A/E

Answer 16

diarrhea > hypo-K

Question 17

vitamin B12

RN/teach

Answer 17

• monitor s/s of B12 deficiency
• —-beefy red tongue
• pallor
• neuropathy
• encourage high B12 diet

Question 18

which drugs cause B12 deficiency

Question 19

Banana Bag

Tx

Answer 19

• ETOH
• malnutrition
• wernicke’s encephalopathy

Question 20

potassium supplements

drug names

Answer 20

• K Cl

- K gluconate

Question 21

potassium supplements

MOA

Answer 21

replacement

PO or IV infusion

Question 22

*potassium supplements

Tx

Answer 22

• hypo-K
• concurrent w DIURETICS or STEROIDS
• replacement after prolonged diarrhea, laxatives, vomiting

Question 23

potassium supplements

CI

Answer 23

• ESRD

- renal disease

Question 24

potassium supplements

A/E

Answer 24

• GI distress (take w meals)

- hyper-K

Question 25

potassium supplements

RN/teach

Answer 25

• caution w K-sparing diuretics
• ACE inhibitors
• ***NEVER GIVE IV PUSH
• assess for PHLEBITIS + irritation

Question 26

*potassium supplements

IV dosage/admin

Answer 26

• never give IV push
• periph: <10 meq/hr
• centrl: <20meq/hr

Question 27

*potassium supplements

oral RN/teach

Answer 27

• DONT dissolve in mouth
• assess ability to swallow
• take w meals

Question 28

Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide

MOA

Answer 28

replacement

Question 29

*Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide

Tx

Answer 29

• hypo-Mg (<1.3mEq/L)
• Torsades de Points
• tocolysis
• prevent seizures

Question 30

1st line of Tx for torsades de points?

Answer 30

Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide

Question 31

w Tx of TOCOLYSIS w Mg sulfate, if there is no DTR, you should administer ______

Answer 31

Ca Gluconate

Question 32

Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide

CI

Answer 32

• AV blocks
• rectal bleeding
• NV
• Abd pain

Question 33

Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide

A/E

Answer 33

• muscle weakness
• flaccid paralysis
• suppress electrical conduction thru AV node of hrt
• resp depression

Question 34

A patient has a positive Chvostek sign. The nurse interprets this as a sign of

Answer 34

neuromuscular excitability

-can be caused by HYPOcalcemia, HYPOmagnesemia

Question 35

*Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide

RN/teach

Answer 35

• monitor for absent DTR

- always have IV Ca Gluconate in room

Question 36

if admin IV Mg sulfate, always put on monitor for…