Vitamins + Minerals Flashcards
*iron supplements
drug names
*1 ferrous sulfate
*2 iron dextran
3 iron sucrose
4 SFGC
iron supplements
MOA
replacement
iron supplements
Tx
iron-deficiency anemia
-incr RBC production
*iron supplements
A/E
- GI distress
- teeth staining
- anaphylaxis
- —-epinephrine 1:1,000
iron supplements
RN/teach
- if intolerable, admin w food
- —-food greatly decr absorption
- teach that stool can become black or dark green
- —-usually goes away w contd use
- dilute liquid form w water/juice
- use a straw w liquid form; rinse mouth after
- monitor VS w parenteral irone
- antidote (deferozamine)
- take 1 hr before meals
why do you monitor VS w parenteral iron?
risk for hypotension or anaphylaxis
what is the antidote for iron supplements
deferoxamine mesylate
“-de”-remove
“fero”-iron
when do you administer iron supplements?
1 hr before meals
- if intolerable, admin w food
- —-food greatly decr absorption
vitamin B12 aka
cobalamin
vitamin B12
drug name
cyanocobalamin
vitamin B12
MOA
replacement
vitamin B12
Tx
- megaloblastic macrocytic anemia
- —affects all blood cells produced in bone barrow
- loss of parietal cells (intrinsic factor)
- –means pt cant absorb IV, loss of acid
vitamin B12
CI
w severe deficiency, also use folic acid in comb w B12
absorption of B12 in sm intestines require…
intrinsic factor
-produced by parietal cells of stomach
pernicious anemia leads to ______ RBCs
macrocytic
-more overly large RBC (megaloblasts) than normal RBC
vitamin B12
A/E
diarrhea > hypo-K
vitamin B12
RN/teach
- monitor s/s of B12 deficiency
- —-beefy red tongue
- pallor
- neuropathy
- encourage high B12 diet
which drugs cause B12 deficiency
Banana Bag
Tx
- ETOH
- malnutrition
- wernicke’s encephalopathy
potassium supplements
drug names
- K Cl
- K gluconate
potassium supplements
MOA
replacement
PO or IV infusion
*potassium supplements
Tx
- hypo-K
- concurrent w DIURETICS or STEROIDS
- replacement after prolonged diarrhea, laxatives, vomiting
potassium supplements
CI
- ESRD
- renal disease
potassium supplements
A/E
- GI distress (take w meals)
- hyper-K
potassium supplements
RN/teach
- caution w K-sparing diuretics
- ACE inhibitors
- ***NEVER GIVE IV PUSH
- assess for PHLEBITIS + irritation
*potassium supplements
IV dosage/admin
- never give IV push
- periph: <10 meq/hr
- centrl: <20meq/hr
*potassium supplements
oral RN/teach
- DONT dissolve in mouth
- assess ability to swallow
- take w meals
Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide
MOA
replacement
*Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide
Tx
- hypo-Mg (<1.3mEq/L)
- Torsades de Points
- tocolysis
- prevent seizures
1st line of Tx for torsades de points?
Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide
w Tx of TOCOLYSIS w Mg sulfate, if there is no DTR, you should administer ______
Ca Gluconate
Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide
CI
- AV blocks
- rectal bleeding
- NV
- Abd pain
Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide
A/E
- muscle weakness
- flaccid paralysis
- suppress electrical conduction thru AV node of hrt
- resp depression
A patient has a positive Chvostek sign. The nurse interprets this as a sign of
neuromuscular excitability
-can be caused by HYPOcalcemia, HYPOmagnesemia
*Mg sulfate/citrate/hydroxide
RN/teach
- monitor for absent DTR
- always have IV Ca Gluconate in room
if admin IV Mg sulfate, always put on monitor for…
