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1 Pharmacology > Antifungals + Antivirals + immunization > Flashcards

Antifungals + Antivirals + immunization Flashcards

1
Q

types of antifungals

A
  • amphoteracin B
  • azoles
  • nystatin
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2
Q

amphoteracin B

Tx/route

A
  • severe systemic fungal infections

- IV only!!

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3
Q

azoles

drug names

A
  • ketoconazole
  • fluconazole
  • miconazole
  • clotrimazole
  • itraconazole
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4
Q

ketocon, flucon, micon, clotrim, itracon [-azole]

AE

A
  • liver toxicity
  • possible incr blood glucose
  • drowsy
  • decr sex drive
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5
Q

ketocon, flucon, micon, clotrim, itracon [-azole]

RN teaching

A
  • take w food or cola
  • avoid ETOH
  • blood test required
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6
Q

nystatin

MOA

A

antifungal w antibiotic properties

  • swish n spit/swallow
  • powder into skin folds
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7
Q

antiviral

drug names

A
  • acyclovir
  • ganciclovir
  • oseltamavir
  • ribavirin
  • valacyclovir
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8
Q

acyclovir, ganciclovir, oseltamivir, ribavirin, valacyclovir

AE

A
  • extravasation risk
  • burning
  • itching
  • headache
  • vertigo
  • nephrotoxic
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9
Q

acyclovir, ganciclovir, oseltamivir, ribavirin, valacyclovir

RN teaching

A
  • incr fluid intake during + up to 2 hr after IV
  • extravasation risk
  • give w meals
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10
Q

acyclovir, ganciclovir, oseltamivir, ribavirin, valacyclovir

Tx

A
  • shingles
  • chickenpox
  • herpes
  • RSV
  • zoster
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11
Q

herpes can cause…

A

aseptive meningitis

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12
Q

acyclovir

Tx

A

reduces number of outbreaks + shortens healing time for herpes

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13
Q

oseltamavir phosphate

Tx

A
  • shortens duration of flu symptoms (stuffy nose, cough)

- may reduce chance of getting flue

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14
Q

oseltamivir phosphate

timing

A
  • w/in 48hr of onset of flu s/s

- 6 wks following exposure

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15
Q

oseltamivir phosphate + flu shots

A

still needs annual flu shots but not w/in couple of weeks

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16
Q

types of immunizations

A
  • active immunity
  • passive immunity
  • vaccines
17
Q

active immunity

A
  • antigen enters body (get sick or virus), body develops antibodies
  • long-lasting
  • develops over weeks to months
  • natural vs artificial
18
Q

passive immunity

A

antibodies creased by another human or animal, then inserted into patient’s body

  • provides TEMPORARY immunity
  • eg) plasma transfusion in covid cases
  • natural vs artificial
19
Q

vaccines

A

can be made from dead virus cells or live attenuated virus cells

20
Q

live virus vaccines

Tx

A
  • intranasal flu
  • MMR
  • varicella
  • varicella-zoster
  • rotavirus
  • yellow fever
21
Q

intranasal flu vaccine

CI/AE

A

CI: pregnant, antivirals

AE: cough, fever, headache, myalgia

22
Q

MMR

CI

A

allergy to gelatin or neomycin

23
Q

live virus vaccines

A

similar to natural infections

  • helps create strong + long-lasting immune response
  • 1-2 doses of most live vaccines can give lifetime of protections against germ and the disease it cause
24
Q

live vaccines

limitations

A

ppl w weakened immune systems, long term health problems, or who’ve had an organ transplant should contact their health care provider
eg) pregnant, HIV/AIDS, CA,

-needs to be kept cool so dont travel well

25
Q

antihelminthic/antiparasitic

A

kills amoebas, helminths, protozoas

26
Q

antihelminthic/antiparasitic

drug name

A

metronidazole (Flagyl)

27
Q

metronidazole (Flagyl) [anti helminthic/parasitic]

AE

A
  • dark urine
  • metallic taste
  • disulfiram-like rxn
  • abd pain
  • headache
  • seizure
28
Q

metronidazole (Flagyl) [anti helminthic/parasitic]

RN teaching

A
  • avoid ETOH for 1-2 days after you stop taking meds
  • dark urine is not harmful
  • metallic taste
29
Q

antimalarial drugs

A

hydrochloroquine, chloroquine

30
Q

hydrochloroquine, chloroquine [anti malarial]

AE

A
  • blindness
  • visual changes
  • photophobia (wear sunnies)

1 Pharmacology (33 decks)

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