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1 pharmacology > CV - anti-lipemic agents > Flashcards

CV - anti-lipemic agents Flashcards

1
Q

lifestyle stuff

A
  • omega 3, 6 fish oil
  • psyllium fiber w h2o
  • niacin vit B3
  • –ae of skin flusing or itching - may decr dose
  • –incr blood glucose so no DM2
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2
Q

total cholesterol range

LDL + HDL

A

<200mg/dL
LDL <100
HDL >40

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3
Q

triglyceride range

A

<150

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4
Q

4 categories of anti-lipemic agents

A

1 HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
2 bile acid sequestrants
3 cholesterol absorption inhibitor
4 fibrates

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5
Q

HMG-CoA reductase

drug names

A

1 atorvastin
2 simvastin
3 rosuvastin

statin drugs, number 1 drug in the world

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6
Q

HMG-CoA reductase
statin drugs
MOA

A
  • decr manufacture of LDL, VLDL
  • incr HDL
  • stops sat fats fr being broken down into cholesterol
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7
Q

HMG-CoA reductase
statin drugs
Tx

A
  • hypercholesterolemia
  • prevent coronary events
  • protects against MI
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8
Q

HMG-CoA reductase
statin drugs
AE

A
  • hepatotoxicity
  • myopathy
  • rhabdomyolysis
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9
Q

HMG-CoA reductase
statin drugs
CI

A

cat X

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10
Q

HMG-CoA reductase
statin drugs
RN/teaching

A
  • monitor LFT after 12wk + Q6mo
  • monitor creatinine kinase [CK]
  • monitor + report muscle pain
  • use contraceptives
  • take pill in evening
  • avoid grapefruit
  • avoid ETOH
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11
Q

asian clients should avoid which statin?

A

rosuvastatin

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12
Q

take statin drugs in the evening bc

A

that is when most cholesterol is synth

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13
Q

with statin, you should monitor…

A

LFT: AST + ALT
CK
muscle pain

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14
Q

bile is made in the ____ from ____ stored in ______

A

liver
cholesterol
gallbladder

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15
Q

common drugs that are added w statins

A

ezetimibe + bile acid sequestrants

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16
Q

Bile-Acid Sequestrants

drug names

A

colesevelam, colestipol, cholestyramine

17
Q

colesevelam, colestipol, cholestyramine [bile-acid-seq]

MOA

A

reduce cholesterol especially LDL

18
Q

colesevelam, colestipol, cholestyramine [bile-acid-seq]

Tx

A
  • *DM2 - lowers blood gluc

- BILE DUCT DISEASE - decr bile in partial biliary obstruction

19
Q

colesevelam, colestipol, cholestyramine [bile-acid-seq]

A/E

A
  • constipation/gas

- decr absorption of fat soluble vits ADEK

20
Q

colesevelam, colestipol, cholestyramine [bile-acid-seq]

CI

A
  • use contraception but NOT ORAL contraceptives

- bowel obstruction

21
Q

colesevelam, colestipol, cholestyramine [bile-acid-seq]

A
  • interferes w many other drugs
  • take 1 hr before or 4 hr after other drugs
  • not systemically absorbed
  • incr high fiber
  • incr oral fluid
  • take med w food or 8oz h2o
22
Q

bile-acid-seq is commonly used w _____

A

statin

23
Q

fibrate

drug names

A

gemfibrozil

fenofibrate

24
Q

gemfibrozil, fenofibrate

MOA

A
  • decr triglyceride levels

- incr HDL levels

25
Q

gemfibrozil, fenofibrate

A/E

A

gallstone
myopathy
hepatotoxicity
—-anorexia, NV, jaundice

26
Q

gemfibrozil, fenofibrate

CI

A
  • Hx liver problems

- gallbladder disease

27
Q

gemfibrozil, fenofibrate

RN/teaching

A

monitor ability to eat fried foods

-can cause bloating + upset stomach

28
Q

if pt taking gemfibrozil or fenofibrate

gets bloated + upset stomach fr eating fried foods, then this indicates…

A

gallbladder problems

29
Q

do not give ____ with statins

A

fibrates

statins increase the risk of myopathy

30
Q

cholesterol absorption inhibitor

drug name

A

ezetimibe

31
Q

ezetimibe [cholesterol absorption inhibitor]

MOA

A

limits reabsorption of cholesterol secreted in bile

+ absorption of cholesterol fr food

32
Q

ezetimibe [cholesterol absorption inhibitor]

Tx

A

med used alone or in combo w statin

33
Q

ezetimibe [cholesterol absorption inhibitor]

A/E

A

hepatitis

myopathy

34
Q

ezetimibe [cholesterol absorption inhibitor]

CI

A

pre-existing liver disorders

35
Q

ezetimibe [cholesterol absorption inhibitor]

rn/TEACHING

A

LFT, CK

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1 pharmacology (33 decks)

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