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Meharry Biochem > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins

A

DEAK

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2
Q

are vitamins synthesized in the body

A

no , they must come from diet

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3
Q

what are the 3 active forms of vitamin A

A

retinol , retinal and retinoic acid

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4
Q

function of retinol

A

storage and transport

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5
Q

function of retinal

A

vision

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6
Q

function of retinoic acid

A

growth reproduction

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7
Q

deficiency in vitamin a can cause what

A

xeropathalemia aka night blindness

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8
Q

what is the active form of vitamin D3

A

cholecalciferol

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9
Q

what is the active form of vitamin D2

A

Ergocalciferol

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10
Q

list the steps of the synthesis of the active form of Vitamin D

A

Dehydrocholesterol from sun

calico —> calcidiol–> calcitriol (this is the active form ) targets intestines kidney and bones

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11
Q

vitamin D is a ____

A

Hormone!

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12
Q

vitamin D deficiency can lead to

A

rickets , osteomalacia

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13
Q

what is the major function of vitamin D

A

calcium absorption and homeostasis

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14
Q

What is the active form of vitamin K

A

Vitamin K Hydroxyquinone

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15
Q

major function of vitamin K

A

coagulation , calcium binding , bone mineralization

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16
Q

how does warfarin work

A

inhibits beta carboxylation of vitamin K which prevents vitamin k from converting to active form

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17
Q

deficiency in vitamin k can lead to

A

impaired blood clotting and hemorrhagic disease

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18
Q

what is the active form of vitamin E

A

alpha tocopherol

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19
Q

what are the 2 families of vitamin E

A

tocopherols and tocotrienols

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20
Q

what is the major function of vitamin E

A

antioxidant

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21
Q

are water soluble or fat soluble vitamins absorbed directly

A

water

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22
Q

which kind of vitamins can be stored

A

fat soluble, water soluble can not

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23
Q

how are fat soluble vitamins packed and what is required for transport

A

packaged in chylomicrons , require binding proteins for transport

24
Q

what is required for fat soluble vitamins to absorb

A

fat

25
Q

active form of vitamin c

A

ascorbic acid/ dehydroascorbic acid

26
Q

function of vitamin c

A

hydroxylation reactions , synthesis of biotin, collagin , neurotransmitters , enhances absorption of iron

27
Q

vitamin c deficiency can lead to

A

scurvy

28
Q

what are the B vitamines

A

thiamin B1, riboflavin B2, Niacin B3, Vitamin B6 , pantothenic acid, bitoin B7, b12, folic acid B9

29
Q

what is the active form of thamin

A

thiamin pyrophosphate

30
Q

vitamin B1 deficiency can lead to

A

beri beri , wernicke korsekoff syndrome

31
Q

what is the function of vitamin b6

A

coenzyme in pyruvate and alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

32
Q

what is the function of B2

A

coenzyme in oxidation reduction reactions

33
Q

B2 deficinecy can lead to

A

ariboflavinosis

34
Q

active form of niacin

A

nicotinic acid , nicotinamide

35
Q

what is niacin synthesized from from

A

tryptophan

36
Q

vitamin B6 defeiciy can lead to

A

pelagra

37
Q

active from of b6

A

pyrodoxal phosphate

38
Q

funciton of b6

A

transamination reactions

39
Q

B3 is also known as

A

niacin

40
Q

b2 is also known as

A

riboflavin

41
Q

B1 is also knowns as

A

thamin

42
Q

function of pantothenic acid

A

carrier of acyl group

43
Q

deficiency in patothenic acid can lead to

A

burning foot syndrome

44
Q

B7 is also known as

A

biotin

45
Q

biotin deficieny can lead to

A

dermatitis

46
Q

what can block absorption of biotin

A

avidiin in raw eggs

47
Q

function of biotin

A

carboxylation

48
Q

deficiency in what vitamin can lead to pernicious anemia

A

b12

49
Q

b12 function

A

intrinsic factor , absorption

50
Q

colbamins are related to

A

b12

51
Q

folic acid is what

A

b9

52
Q

active form of folic acid

A

tetrahydrofolate

53
Q

what 3 conditions can come from folic acid deficinecy

A

megaloblastic anemia , neural tube defect

54
Q

what vitamin is related to folate trap

A

b9

55
Q

anemia and goiters related to what mineals

A

iron, iodine

56
Q

major minerals

A

calcium , cholriide, phosphours, potassium , sulfur, sodium , Magnesisum

Meharry Biochem (17 decks)

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