Vitamins Flashcards
What are the fat soluble vitamins
DEAK
are vitamins synthesized in the body
no , they must come from diet
what are the 3 active forms of vitamin A
retinol , retinal and retinoic acid
function of retinol
storage and transport
function of retinal
vision
function of retinoic acid
growth reproduction
deficiency in vitamin a can cause what
xeropathalemia aka night blindness
what is the active form of vitamin D3
cholecalciferol
what is the active form of vitamin D2
Ergocalciferol
list the steps of the synthesis of the active form of Vitamin D
Dehydrocholesterol from sun
calico —> calcidiol–> calcitriol (this is the active form ) targets intestines kidney and bones
vitamin D is a ____
Hormone!
vitamin D deficiency can lead to
rickets , osteomalacia
what is the major function of vitamin D
calcium absorption and homeostasis
What is the active form of vitamin K
Vitamin K Hydroxyquinone
major function of vitamin K
coagulation , calcium binding , bone mineralization
how does warfarin work
inhibits beta carboxylation of vitamin K which prevents vitamin k from converting to active form
deficiency in vitamin k can lead to
impaired blood clotting and hemorrhagic disease
what is the active form of vitamin E
alpha tocopherol
what are the 2 families of vitamin E
tocopherols and tocotrienols
what is the major function of vitamin E
antioxidant
are water soluble or fat soluble vitamins absorbed directly
water
which kind of vitamins can be stored
fat soluble, water soluble can not
how are fat soluble vitamins packed and what is required for transport
packaged in chylomicrons , require binding proteins for transport
what is required for fat soluble vitamins to absorb
fat
active form of vitamin c
ascorbic acid/ dehydroascorbic acid
function of vitamin c
hydroxylation reactions , synthesis of biotin, collagin , neurotransmitters , enhances absorption of iron
vitamin c deficiency can lead to
scurvy
what are the B vitamines
thiamin B1, riboflavin B2, Niacin B3, Vitamin B6 , pantothenic acid, bitoin B7, b12, folic acid B9
what is the active form of thamin
thiamin pyrophosphate
vitamin B1 deficiency can lead to
beri beri , wernicke korsekoff syndrome
what is the function of vitamin b6
coenzyme in pyruvate and alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
what is the function of B2
coenzyme in oxidation reduction reactions
B2 deficinecy can lead to
ariboflavinosis
active form of niacin
nicotinic acid , nicotinamide
what is niacin synthesized from from
tryptophan
vitamin B6 defeiciy can lead to
pelagra
active from of b6
pyrodoxal phosphate
funciton of b6
transamination reactions
B3 is also known as
niacin
b2 is also known as
riboflavin
B1 is also knowns as
thamin
function of pantothenic acid
carrier of acyl group
deficiency in patothenic acid can lead to
burning foot syndrome
B7 is also known as
biotin
biotin deficieny can lead to
dermatitis
what can block absorption of biotin
avidiin in raw eggs
function of biotin
carboxylation
deficiency in what vitamin can lead to pernicious anemia
b12
b12 function
intrinsic factor , absorption
colbamins are related to
b12
folic acid is what
b9
active form of folic acid
tetrahydrofolate
what 3 conditions can come from folic acid deficinecy
megaloblastic anemia , neural tube defect
what vitamin is related to folate trap
b9
anemia and goiters related to what mineals
iron, iodine
major minerals
calcium , cholriide, phosphours, potassium , sulfur, sodium , Magnesisum