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Meharry Biochem > Metabolism > Flashcards

Metabolism Flashcards

Lecture 1

1
Q

the universal currency of free energy is…

A

ATP

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2
Q

Where do we get energy

A

calories

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3
Q

What are the 3 main sources of calories? Rank which ones are the most effective

A

Calories come from
 carbohydrates (40-60%),
 fat (30-40%) and
 protein (10-15%)

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4
Q

What is the average energy requirement for someone

A

1920 to 2900 Kcal/ day

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5
Q

T/F ATP is an energy storage molecule

A

False, it quickly hydrolyzes

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6
Q

What are the storage molecules for plants and animals

A

glycogen and starch

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7
Q

would pregnancy be considered normal or abnormal metabolism

A

Normal!

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8
Q

Would adaptation to periods of starvation be considered normal or abnormal metabolism

A

normal

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9
Q

Define: The interconversion of chemical
compounds in the body through
metabolic pathways

A

Metabolism

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of metabolic pathways? And give an example of each

A

 Anabolic - glycogen synthesis
 Catabolic - glycolysis
 Amphibolic- Citric acid cycle

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11
Q

is catabolism exo or endo thermic ?

A

Exothermic

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12
Q

is anabolism exo or endo thermic ?

A

Endothermic

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13
Q

Metabolism = _______ + _______

A

Metabolism = Anabolism + Catabolism

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14
Q

If Anabolism is more than Catabolism = ?

A

If Anabolism is more than Catabolism=Obesity

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15
Q

Catabolism is more than Anabolism

A

Catabolism is more than Anabolism =Emaciation

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16
Q

All catabolic reactions involve _______, which allows energy to be captured in high-energy bonds in ATP
and similar molecules

A

All catabolic reactions involve electron
transfer, which allows energy to be
captured in high-energy bonds in ATP
and similar molecules

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17
Q

Electron transfer is directly related to

what ?

A

Electron transfer is directly related to

oxidation and reduction

18
Q

The removal of electron from a molecule or

atom is known as

A

Oxidation

19
Q

Oxygen is an oxidizer or reducer?

A

Oxygen is an oxidizer

20
Q

if a molecule donates an e it becomes..

A

oxidized

21
Q

if a molecule accepts an e it becomes…

A

reduced

22
Q

The typical electron acceptor that we see is

A

molecular oxygen, which gets converted to h20

23
Q

The substances that are being broken down catabolism are getting oxidized or reduced?

A

oxidized

24
Q

how many electrons and protons are stripped off by NAD?

A

2 electrons and 2 protons per NAD+

25
Q

is NAD an e acceptor or donor

A

acceptor

26
Q

ATP is the ultimate product of anabolic or catabolic pathways or both?

A

catabolic

27
Q

How many high energy bonds are in ATP

A

2

28
Q

How many high energy bonds in ADP ?

A

1

29
Q

How many high energy bonds in AMP ?

A

0

30
Q

Where are high energy bonds found ?

A

between phosphate groups

31
Q

what is a dehydrogenation ?

A

an oxidation reaction during which a proton and an electron are lost

32
Q

what is a hydrogenation ?

A

a reduction reaction during which both a proton and an electron are gained

33
Q

is glycolysis anabolic or catabolic

A

catabolic

34
Q

Generally what are the products of glycolysis?

A

ATP and compounds that are employed by celllular respiration to generate additional atp

35
Q

list the 3 main pathways for energy production

A
  1. glycolysis
  2. citric acid cycle
  3. Oxidative phosphorylation
36
Q

how many protons and electrons are found in an atom of h

A

An atom of hydrogen contains only one proton (H+)

and one electron (e)

37
Q

T/F: The term proton and the term hydrogen

ion (H+) are interchangeable

A

Therefore, the term proton and the term hydrogen

ion (H+) are interchangeable

38
Q

T/F Electrons have stored energy, or potential energy,
ready to do work and when an atom or molecule
loses that electron (becomes oxidized) that energy
is released and able to do cellular work

A

True

39
Q

How many protons and electrons are removed by NAD

A

•NAD+ removes two hydrogen atoms (2H+ and 2e)
from its substrate. Both electrons but only one
proton is accepted by the NAD+ to produce its
reduced form, NADH + H+.

40
Q

How many protons and electrons are removed by FAD?

A

FAD or flavin adenine dinucleotide, removes two
hydrogen atoms (2H+ and 2e)
from its substrate.
Both electrons and both protons are accepted by the
FAD to produce its reduced form, FADH2

41
Q

What 2 things are used to generate proton motive force

A

FADH2, and NADH

Meharry Biochem (17 decks)

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