Metabolism

Question 1

the universal currency of free energy is…

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

Where do we get energy

Answer 2

calories

Question 3

What are the 3 main sources of calories? Rank which ones are the most effective

Answer 3

Calories come from
 carbohydrates (40-60%),
 fat (30-40%) and
 protein (10-15%)

Question 4

What is the average energy requirement for someone

Answer 4

1920 to 2900 Kcal/ day

Question 5

T/F ATP is an energy storage molecule

Answer 5

False, it quickly hydrolyzes

Question 6

What are the storage molecules for plants and animals

Answer 6

glycogen and starch

Question 7

would pregnancy be considered normal or abnormal metabolism

Answer 7

Normal!

Question 8

Would adaptation to periods of starvation be considered normal or abnormal metabolism

Answer 8

normal

Question 9

Define: The interconversion of chemical
compounds in the body through
metabolic pathways

Answer 9

Metabolism

Question 10

What are the 3 types of metabolic pathways? And give an example of each

Answer 10

 Anabolic - glycogen synthesis
 Catabolic - glycolysis
 Amphibolic- Citric acid cycle

Question 11

is catabolism exo or endo thermic ?

Answer 11

Exothermic

Question 12

is anabolism exo or endo thermic ?

Answer 12

Endothermic

Question 13

Metabolism = _______ + _______

Answer 13

Metabolism = Anabolism + Catabolism

Question 14

If Anabolism is more than Catabolism = ?

Answer 14

If Anabolism is more than Catabolism=Obesity

Question 15

Catabolism is more than Anabolism

Answer 15

Catabolism is more than Anabolism =Emaciation

Question 16

All catabolic reactions involve _______, which allows energy to be captured in high-energy bonds in ATP
and similar molecules

Answer 16

All catabolic reactions involve electron
transfer, which allows energy to be
captured in high-energy bonds in ATP
and similar molecules

Question 17

Electron transfer is directly related to

what ?

Answer 17

Electron transfer is directly related to

oxidation and reduction

Question 18

The removal of electron from a molecule or

atom is known as

Answer 18

Oxidation

Question 19

Oxygen is an oxidizer or reducer?

Answer 19

Oxygen is an oxidizer

Question 20

if a molecule donates an e it becomes..

Answer 20

oxidized

Question 21

if a molecule accepts an e it becomes…

Answer 21

reduced

Question 22

The typical electron acceptor that we see is

Answer 22

molecular oxygen, which gets converted to h20

Question 23

The substances that are being broken down catabolism are getting oxidized or reduced?

Answer 23

oxidized

Question 24

how many electrons and protons are stripped off by NAD?

Answer 24

2 electrons and 2 protons per NAD+

Question 25

is NAD an e acceptor or donor

Answer 25

acceptor

Question 26

ATP is the ultimate product of anabolic or catabolic pathways or both?

Answer 26

catabolic

Question 27

How many high energy bonds are in ATP

Answer 27

2

Question 28

How many high energy bonds in ADP ?

Answer 28

1

Question 29

How many high energy bonds in AMP ?

Answer 29

0

Question 30

Where are high energy bonds found ?

Answer 30

between phosphate groups

Question 31

what is a dehydrogenation ?

Answer 31

an oxidation reaction during which a proton and an electron are lost

Question 32

what is a hydrogenation ?

Answer 32

a reduction reaction during which both a proton and an electron are gained

Question 33

is glycolysis anabolic or catabolic

Answer 33

catabolic

Question 34

Generally what are the products of glycolysis?

Answer 34

ATP and compounds that are employed by celllular respiration to generate additional atp

Question 35

list the 3 main pathways for energy production

Answer 35

1. glycolysis 2. citric acid cycle 3. Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 36

how many protons and electrons are found in an atom of h

Answer 36

An atom of hydrogen contains only one proton (H+) | and one electron (e)

Question 37

T/F: The term proton and the term hydrogen | ion (H+) are interchangeable

Answer 37

Therefore, the term proton and the term hydrogen | ion (H+) are interchangeable

Question 38

T/F Electrons have stored energy, or potential energy, ready to do work and when an atom or molecule loses that electron (becomes oxidized) that energy is released and able to do cellular work

Answer 38

True

Question 39

How many protons and electrons are removed by NAD

Answer 39

•NAD+ removes two hydrogen atoms (2H+ and 2e) from its substrate. Both electrons but only one proton is accepted by the NAD+ to produce its reduced form, NADH + H+.

Question 40

How many protons and electrons are removed by FAD?

Answer 40

FAD or flavin adenine dinucleotide, removes two hydrogen atoms (2H+ and 2e) from its substrate. Both electrons and both protons are accepted by the FAD to produce its reduced form, FADH2

Question 41

What 2 things are used to generate proton motive force

Answer 41

FADH2, and NADH