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1st Aid Memorize > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Fat soluble

A

A, D, E, K

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2
Q

B1

A

thiamine (TTP)

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3
Q

B2

A

Riboflavin (FAD, FMN)

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4
Q

B3

A

Niacin (NAD+)

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5
Q

B5

A

Pantothenic acid (CoA)

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6
Q

B6

A

Pyridoxine (PLP)

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7
Q

B7

A

Biotin

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8
Q

B9

A

Folate

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9
Q

B12

A

Cobalamin

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10
Q

C

A

Ascorbic acid

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11
Q

A

A

Retinol

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12
Q

Function of Vit A

A
  • Antioxidant
  • Retinal pigment
  • Prevents squamous metaplasia
  • Normal differentiation of epithelial cells into specialized tissue
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13
Q

Function of Vit B1

A

Cofactor for dehydrogenase enzyme reactions like:

  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase
  • Alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase
  • Transketolase
  • Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase
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14
Q

Function of Vit B2

A

Component of FMN and FAD which are used as cofactors in redox reactions (ex. succinate dehydrogenase)

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15
Q

Function of Vit B3

A
  • Constituent of NAD+ and NADP+ (used in redox reactions

- Lowers VLDL and raises HDL

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16
Q

Function of Vit B5

A

Essential component of coA and fatty acid synthase

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17
Q

Function of Vit B6

A
  • Converted to pyridoxal phosphate (used in transamination, decarboxylation reactions, glycogen phosphorylase
  • Synthesis of cystathionine, heme, niacin, histamine and neurotransmitters
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18
Q

Function of Vit B7

A

Cofactor for carboxylation enzymes (add 1-carbon groups) like:

  • Pyruvate carboxylase
  • Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
  • Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
19
Q

Function of Vit B9

A
  • Converted to THF (coenzyme for 1-carbon transfer/methylation reactions)
  • Important for synthesis of nitrogenous bases in DNA and RNA
20
Q

Function of Vit B12

A

Cofactor for homocysteine methyltransferase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase

21
Q

Function of Vit C

A
  • Antioxidant
  • Facilitates iron absorption by reducing to Fe2+ state
  • Necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis
  • Necessary for dopamine-beta hydroxylase (converts DA to NE)
22
Q

Function of Vit D

A
  • Increase intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate

- Increase bone mineralizaiton

23
Q

Function of Vit E

A

-Antioxidant (protects RBCs and membranes from free-radical damage)

24
Q

Function of Vit K

A

Cofactor for gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues on various proteins required for blood clotting (2, 7, 9, 10, C, and S)

25
Q

Function of zinc

A
  • Essential for activity of >100 enzymes

- Help form zinc fingers (TF motif)

26
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Night blindness
  • Dry, scaly skin
  • Corneal degeneration
  • Immune suppression
A

A

27
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (confusion, opthalmoplegia, ataxia)
  • Beriberi
A

B1

28
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Cheilosis
  • Cornea vascularization
A

B2

29
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • RARE
  • Dermatitis
  • Alopecia
  • Enteritis
A

B7

30
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Glossitis
  • Diarrhea
  • Deentia
  • Dermatitis
A

B3

31
Q 
VITAMIN DEFICIENCY
-Convulsions
-Hyperirritability
Peripheral neuropathy
-Sideroblastic anemias
A

B6

32
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Dermatitis
  • Enteritis
  • Alopecia
  • Adrenal insufficiency
A

B5

33
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia
  • GLossitis
  • NO NEURO SYMPTOMS
  • Increase homocysteine (normal methionine)
A

B9

34
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Macrocytic, megaloblastic anemia
  • Paresthesias
  • Increased serum homocysteine and methylmalonic acid
A

B12

35
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Rickets
  • Osteomalacia
A

D

36
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Delayed wound healing
  • Hypogonadism
  • Decreased adult hair
  • Dysgeusia
  • Anosmia
  • Acrodermatitis enteropathica
A

Zinc

37
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Acanthocytosis
  • Muscle weakness
  • Posterior column and spinocerebellar tract demyelination
A

E

38
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

  • Swollen gums
  • Bruising
  • Hemarthrosis
  • Anemia
  • Poor wound healing
  • “Corkscrew hair”
  • Weakened immune response
A

C

39
Q

VITAMIN DEFICIENCY

-Neonatal hemorrhage (increase PT and PTT with normal bleeding time)

A

K

40
Q

VITAMIN EXCESS

  • Facial flushing
  • Hyperglycemia
  • Hyperuricemia
A

B3

41
Q

VITAMIN EXCESS

  • Teratogenic (cleft palate, cardiac abnormalities)
  • Arthralgias
  • Scaly skin
  • Pseudotumor cerebri
  • Hepatic toxicity
A

A

42
Q

VITAMIN EXCESS

  • Hypercalcemia
  • Hypercalciuria
  • Loss of appetite
  • Stupor
  • Seen in sarcoidosis!
A

D

43
Q

VITAMIN EXCESS

  • N/V
  • Diarrhea
  • Fatigue
  • Calcium oxalate kidney stones
  • Increased risk of iron toxicity
A

C

1st Aid Memorize (21 decks)

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