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1st Aid Memorize > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

CNS location of NE synthesis

A

Locus ceruleus (pons)

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2
Q

CNS location of DA synthesis

A

Ventral tegmentum and SNc (midbrain)

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3
Q

CNS location of 5-HT synthesis

A

Raphe nucleus (pons, medulla, midbrain)

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4
Q

CNS location of Ach synthesis

A

Basal nucleus of Meynert

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5
Q

CNS location of GABA synthesis

A

nucleus accumbens

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6
Q

Neurotransmitter levels in Anxiety

A

High NE

Low 5-HT and GABA

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7
Q

Neurotransmitter levels in Depression

A

Low NE, DA and 5-HT

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8
Q

Neurotransmitter levels in HD

A

High DA

Low Ach and GABA

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9
Q

Neurotransmitter levels in PD

A

Low DA and 5-HT

High Ach

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10
Q

Neurotransmitter levels in Alzheimer disease

A

Low Ach

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11
Q

Where is ADH made?

A

supraoptic nucleus

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12
Q

Where is oxytocin made?

A

paraventricular nucleus

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13
Q

What part of the hypothalamus controls hunger?

A

Lateral Area

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14
Q

What part of the hypothalamus controls satiety?

A

Ventromedial area

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15
Q

What part of the hypothalamus controls cooling?

A

Anterior hypothalamus

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16
Q

What part of the hypothalamus controls heating?

A

Posterior hypothalamus

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17
Q

What part of hypothalamus controls circadian rhythm?

A

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

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18
Q

EEG when awake

A

Beta waves (high frequency, low amp)

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19
Q

EEG when awake (eyes closed)

A

Alpha waves

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20
Q

EEG when in Stage N1 Non-REM sleep

A

Theta waves

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21
Q

EEG when in Stage N2 Non-REM sleep

A

Sleep spindles and K complexes

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22
Q

EEG when in Stage N3 Non-REM sleep

A

Delta waves (lowest frequency, highest amplitude)

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23
Q

EEG when in REM sleep

A

Beta waves

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24
Q

What stage of sleep has bruxism (teeth clenching)?

A

N2

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25
Q

What stage of sleep has sleep walking, night terrors and sleep enuresis?

A

N3

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26
Q

What receives input from spinothalamic and dorsal columns/medial leminiscus?

A

VPL of thalamus

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27
Q

What info does the VPL of the thalamus receive?

A

Pain and temperature

Pressure, touch, vibration and proprioception

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28
Q

What receives information from the trigeminal and gustatory pathway?

A

VPM of thalamus

29
Q

What info does the VPM of the thalamus receive?

A

Face sensation

Taste

30
Q

What receives information from CN II?

A

LGN of the thalamus

31
Q

What information does the LGN receive?

A

Vision (sends it to calcarine sulcus)

32
Q

What receives information from the superior olive and inferior colliculus of the tectum?

A

MGN of the thalamus

33
Q

What information does the MGN receive?

A

Hearing (sends it to auditory cortex of temporal lobe)

34
Q

What receives input form the basal ganglia and the cerebellum?

A

VL of thalamus

35
Q

What information does the VL receive?

A

motor

36
Q

Achilles reflex

A

S1-S2

37
Q

Patellar reflex

A

L3-L4

38
Q

Biceps reflex

A

C5-C6

39
Q

Triceps reflex

A

C7-C8

40
Q

Cremaster reflex

A

L1-L2

41
Q

Anal wink reflex

A

S3-S4

42
Q

Corneal reflex (aff and eff)

A

Aff: V1 (nasociliary branch)
Eff: VII (temporal branch= orbicularis oculi)

43
Q

Lacrimation reflex (aff and eff)

A

Aff: V1
Eff: VII

44
Q

Jaw Jerk reflex (aff and eff)

A

Aff: V3 (sensory from muscle spindle)
Eff: V3 (motor from masseter)

45
Q

Pupillary reflex (aff and eff)

A

Aff: II
Eff: III

46
Q

Gag reflex (aff and eff)

A

Aff: IX
Eff: X

47
Q

CN that exits from cribriform plate

A

CN I

48
Q

CN that exits from middle cranial fossa

A

II-VI

49
Q

CN that exits from posterior cranial fossa

A

VII-XII

50
Q

CN that exits from superior orbital fissure

A

III, IV, V1 (opthalmic branch), VI

(with opthalmic vein and sympathetic fibers

51
Q

CN that exits from Foramen Rotundum

A

V2 (maxillary)

52
Q

CN that exits from optic canal

A

CN II

with opthalmic artery and central retinal vain

53
Q

CN that exits from foramen ovale

A

V3 (mandibular)

54
Q

CN that exits from foramen spinosum

A

NONE! middle meningeal artery does

55
Q

CN that exits from jugular foramen

A

CN IX, X, XI

with jugular vein

56
Q

CN that exits from internal auditory meatus

A

CN VII, VIII

57
Q

CN that exits via foramen magnum

A

spinal roots of XI

with brain stem and vertebral arteries

58
Q

CN that exits via hypoglossal canal

A

CN XII

59
Q

Nucleus solitarius

A

VII, IX, X

60
Q

Nucleus ambiguus

A

IX, X, XI

61
Q

Dorsal motor nucleus

A

X

62
Q

CN that pass through cavernous sinus

A

VI (medial), III (superolateral), IV, V1, V2 (inferolateral)

Internal carotid artery also makes a loop to pass through

63
Q

Where is low frequency sound best heard?

A

Apex near helicotrema

64
Q

Where is high frequency sound best heard?

A

Base of cochlea

65
Q

Stroke with dysphagia and hoarseness

A

PICA (nucleus ambiguus affected)

66
Q

Stroke with facial nerve paralysis

A

AICA (facial nucleus affected)

67
Q

Stroke with tongue affected (deviates ipsilaterally)

A

ASA (caudal medulla affected)

68
Q

Stroke with contralateral hemianopia with macular sparing

A

PCA

69
Q

Vessel affected in “locked in syndrome”

A

basilar artery

1st Aid Memorize (21 decks)

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