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1st Aid Memorize > Neoplasia > Flashcards

Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

BRC-ABL

A

CML, ALL

GOF in tryosine kinase

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2
Q

bcl-2

A

Follicular and undifferentiated lymphomas

GOF in anti-apoptotic molecule

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3
Q

BRAF

A

Melanoma

GOF in serine/threonine kinase

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4
Q

c-kit

A

GIST

GOF in cytokine receptor for stem cell factor

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5
Q

c-myc

A

Burkitt lymphoma

GOF in transcription factor

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6
Q

HER2/neu (c-erbB2)

A

Breast, ovarian, gastric carcinomas

GOF in tyrosine kinase

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7
Q

L-myc

A

Lung tumor

GOF in transcription factor

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8
Q

N-myc

A

Neuroblastoma

GOF in transcription factor

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9
Q

ras

A

Colon, lung and pancreatic cancer

GOF in GTPase

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10
Q

ret

A

MEN 2A and 2B

GOF in tyrosine kinase

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11
Q

APC

A 
Colorectal cancer (FAP)
(LOF)
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12
Q

BRCA1 and BRCA2

A

Breast and Ovarian

LOF in DNA Repair protein

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13
Q

CPD4/SMAD4

A 
Pancreatic cancer
(DPC= deleted in pancreatic cancer)
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14
Q

DCC

A 
Colon Cancer
(DCC= deleted in colon cancer)
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15
Q

MEN1

A

MEN type 1

LOF

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16
Q

NF1

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1

LOF in RAS GTPase activating protein (neurofibromin)

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17
Q

NF2

A

Neurofibromatosis type 2

LOF in Merlin (schwannomin) protein

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18
Q

p16

A

Melanoma

LOF in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A

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19
Q

p53

A 
Most cancer (Li-Fraumeni syndrome)
(LOF in TF for p21 to prevent block of G1 to S)
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20
Q

PTEN

A

Breast, prostate, endometrial cancer

LOF

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21
Q

Rb

A

Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma

LOF in inhibitor of E2F (can’t block G1 to S)

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22
Q

TSC1

A

Tuberous sclerosis

LOF in hamartin protein

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23
Q

TSC2

A

Tuberous sclerosis

LOF of Tuberin protein

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24
Q

VHL

A

von Hippel-Lindau disease

LOF in HIF1a

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25
Q

WT1 and WT2

A

Wilms Tumor (nephroblastoma)

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26
Q

What is alkaline phosphate a marker for?

A
  • Mets to bone and liver
  • Paget disease of bone
  • Seminoma (placental ALP)
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27
Q

What is alpha-fetoprotein a marker for?

A
  • HCC
  • Hepatoblastoma
  • Yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor
  • Testicular cancer
  • Mixed germ cell tumor (secreted with beta-hCG)
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28
Q

What is beta-hCG a marker for?

A
  • Hydatidiform moles and Choriocarcinomas (gestational trophoblastic disease)
  • Testicular cancer
  • Pregnancy
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29
Q

What is CA-15-3/CA-27-29 a marker for?

A

Breast cancer

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30
Q

What is CA-19-9 a marker for?

A

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

31
Q

What is CA-125 a marker for?

A

Ovarian cancer

32
Q

What is calcitonin a marker for?

A

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

33
Q

What is CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) a marker for?

A
  • Nonspecific for 70% colorectal and pancreatic cancers

- Also produced by gastric, breast and medullary thyroid carcinomas

34
Q

What is PSA a marker for?

A
  • Used to follow prostate adenocarcinoma

- Can be elevated in BPH and prostatitis

35
Q

What is S-100 a marker for?

A

-Neural crest origin (melanomas, neural tumors, schwannomas, Langerhans cell histiocytosis)

36
Q

What is TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phsophatase) a marker for?

A

-Hairy cell leukemia (B-cell neoplasm)

37
Q

EBV associated cancer.

A

Burkitt lymphoma
Hodgkin lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
CNS lymphoma

38
Q

HBV/HCV associated cancer.

A

HCC

39
Q

HHV-8 associated cancer.

A
  • Kaposi sarcoma

- Body cavity fluid B-cell lymphoma

40
Q

HPV (16, 18) associated cancer.

A
  • Cervical and penile/anal carcinoma

- Head & Neck or throat cancer

41
Q

H. pylori associated cancer

A
  • Gastric adenocarcinoma

- MALT lymphoma

42
Q

HTLV-1 associated cancer.

A

-Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

43
Q

Liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) associated cancer.

A

Cholangiocarinoma

44
Q

Schistosoma haematobium associated cancer.

A

Bladder cancer (squamous cell)

45
Q

Aspergillus aflatoxins associated cancer

A

HCC

46
Q

Alkylating agent associated cancer

A

Leukemia/lymphoma

47
Q

Aromatic amines (benzidine, 2-naphthylamine) associated cancer

A

Transitional cell bladder carcinoma

48
Q

Arsenic associated cancer

A
  • Angiosarcoma (liver)
  • Lung cancer
  • Squamous cell skin cancer
49
Q

Asbestos associated cancer

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma –> mesothelioma

50
Q

Carbon tetrachloride associated cancer

A

Centrilobular necrosis; fatty chancer

51
Q

Cigarette smoke associated cancer

A
  • Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder
  • Squamous cell carcinoma/adenocarcinoma of esophagus
  • RCC
  • Squamous cell carcinoma of larynx
  • Squamous/Small cell carcinoma of lung
  • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
52
Q

Ethanol associated cancer

A

HCC

53
Q

Ionizing radiation associated cancer

A

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

54
Q

Nitrosamines (smoked foods) associated cancer

A

Gastric cancer

55
Q

Radon associated cancer

A

Lung cancer (2nd leading cause after cigarettes)

56
Q

Vinyl chloride associated cancer

A

Angiosarcoma of liver

57
Q

Cancer with hypercalcemia from increased calcitriol

A
  • Hodgkin lymphoma

- some non-Hodgkin lymphomas

58
Q

Cancer with Cushing syndrome fro increased ACTH

A

Small cell lung cancer

59
Q

Cancer with SIADH

A
  • Small cell lung carcinoma

- Intracranial neoplasms

60
Q

Cancer with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (due to Ab against pre-synaptic Ca2+ channels at NMJ)

A

Small cell lung carcinoma

61
Q

Cancers with polycythemia

A
  • RCC
  • Hemangioblastoma
  • HCC
  • Leiomyoma
  • Pheochromocytoma
62
Q

Cancers with Hypercalcemia from PTHrP release

A
  • Squamous cell lung cancer
  • RCC
  • Breast cancer
63
Q

Cancers with pasmmoma bodies

A
  • Papillary carcinoma of thyroid
  • Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary
  • Meningioma
  • Malignant mesothelioma
64
Q

Carcinomas that spread hematogenously

A
  • RCC (renal vein)
  • HCC (hepatic vein)
  • Follicular carcinoma of thyroid
  • Choriocarcinoma
65
Q

Brain mets usually from what places?

A

Lung> breast > GU

66
Q

Liver mets usually from what places?

A

Colon» stomach > pancreas

67
Q

Bone mets usually from what places?

A

Prostate, breast > lung > thyroid

68
Q

Blastic bone mets from where?

A

PROSTATE

breast is lytic and blastic

69
Q

Acanthosis nigricans associated cancer

A

Visceral (stomach) malignancy

70
Q

Actinic keratosis associated cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (skin)

71
Q

Dermatomyositis associated cancer

A

Lun cancer

72
Q

Myasthenia gravis associated cancer

A

Thymoma

73
Q

Tuberous sclerosis associated cancer

A

Giant cell astrocytoma
Renal angiomyolipoma
Cardiac rhabdomyoma

1st Aid Memorize (21 decks)

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