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MODULE 1 > vital signs > Flashcards

vital signs Flashcards

1
Q

what is cardiopulmonary for?

A

Heart and lungs

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2
Q

when do you do you measure vital signs?

A

ALWAYS among admissions, before/during/after any procedure, change in patients conditions, per physician (every 4 hours), before/during/after blood transfusions, after medications or interventions that affect vital signs, and when a patient’s conditions change/or in distress

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3
Q

Normal vital signs- temperature (Fahrenheit)

A

96.8 -100.4

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4
Q

What temperature is considered a fever by the centers of disease?

A

100.4°F

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5
Q

Average oral mouth, tympanic, and temporal temperature?

A

98.6°

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6
Q

Average rectal temperature?

A

99.5°

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7
Q

Average axillary temp?

A

97.7°

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8
Q

Pulse is how many BPM? (adults)

A

60-100 BPM

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9
Q

Respiration is how many breaths per minute?

A

12-20 breaths per minute

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10
Q

Oxygen saturation is ____ %?

A

Greater than or equal to 95%

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11
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

120/80

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12
Q

What is elevated blood pressure?

A

Systolic is 120-129 and diastolic is over 80

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13
Q

Hypertension blood pressure is ____ than elevated

A

Greater

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14
Q

Stage 1 of hypertension, what is the systolic and diastolic rate?

A

Systolic 130-139 OR diastolic is 80-89

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15
Q

Stage 2 of hypertension, what is the systolic and diastolic rate?

A

Systolic is greater than or equal to 140 OR diastolic is 90

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16
Q

Body temperature is produced by the ____

A

Hypothalamus

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17
Q

When our body produces heat, it increases our ___ & ____?

A

BMR (basal metabolic rate) and heart rate

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18
Q

What is the largest organ on the body?

A

Skin

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19
Q

What factors affect the body temperature?

A

Age, hormonal, environment, temperature alterations, exercise, circadian rhythm (sleep)

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20
Q

Is gender a factor in affecting body temperature?

A

No

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21
Q

When is the body temperature the lowest?

A

Dead of the morning

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22
Q

Defense mechanism to fighting a viral infection?

A

Fever 100.4°

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23
Q

When you have a fever, you will have an increase in four things, what are these?

A

Metabolism, heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen consumption

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24
Q

____ inability to promote heat loss or reduce production

A

Hyperthermia

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25
Q

Hyperthermia can cause a ____ because you have a body temperature of 104° or higher and have a ____ mortality rate

A

Heatstroke, high

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26
Q

Hyperthermia you will have increased _____ & decreased _______

A

Heart rate, blood pressure (breathing faster)

27
Q

No sweating is a sign of ______

A

Hyperthermia

28
Q

______ is caused from prolonged exposure to cold and the body’s inability to produce heat

A

Hypothermia

29
Q

During hypothermia, the body’s temperature is between ___ and _____

A

86° and 96.8°

30
Q

What is the equation to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?

A

C= (F-32) x 5/9

31
Q

What is the equation to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

A

F= (9/5 x 29) + 32

32
Q

____ temperature can be easily influenced by hot or cold foods and is approximately 1 degree lower than core temperature

A

Oral

33
Q

What is the most accurate temperature reading compared to core temperature?

A

Temporal

34
Q

List a few Nursing interventions for fever

A

Cool room environment, reduce external coverings, make sure clothes/bedding is dry, administer antipyretics as ordered are a few

35
Q

On the stethoscope, the bell, you will hear ____ pitch sounds

A

Low

36
Q

On a stethoscope, the diaphragm, you will hear ___ pitch sounds

A

High

37
Q

Assessment of pulse sites (4)

A

Radial (first), apical (if you can’t do radial), carotid, and dorsal pedis

38
Q

What is the baseline pulse?

A

60-100 BPM

39
Q

Nursing intervention for a patient with a rapid pulse

A

Ask to take slow/deep breaths, assess pain (0-10), assess anxiety/stress

40
Q

____ is the process of transporting oxygen into cells and transport carbon dioxide out of cells

A

Gas exchange

41
Q

Movement of gases into and out of the lung

A

Ventilation

42
Q

This is when the heart rate is lower than 60

A

Bradycardia

43
Q

When the heart rate is higher than 100 (rapid heart rate)

A

Tachycardia

44
Q

Assessment of respiration you will find the ___, ____, ____, and. ______

A

Rate, rhythm, depth, and Eupnea

45
Q

Nursing interventions for low O2 saturation would be?

A

Check location of pulse ox, raise the head of the bed, ask to take slow/deep breaths, and apply oxygen if necessary and contact physician

46
Q

_____ is the force exerted against the blood vessels by the blood

A

Blood pressure

47
Q

5 factors that affect arterial blood pressure

A

Cardiac output, peripheral resistance, blood volume, viscosity, and elasticity

48
Q

What is the korotkoff sounds?

A

Systolic is the first thump and diastolic is the last followed by silence

49
Q

Major factor in underlying stroke, contributing factor to heart attacks, frequently no symptoms

A

Hypertension BP

50
Q

Symptoms include skin mottling, clamminess, confusion, increased heart rate, or decreased urine output

A

Hypotension BP

51
Q

What is more common, hypertension or hypotension?

A

Hypertension

52
Q

Alternate blood pressure sites can be ____ or _____

A

Supine position or arterial line

53
Q

Nursing interventions for low BP would be?

A

Check O2 saturation, provide fluids, educate patient to call when getting up, and place patient in Trendelenburg position (head down in bed)

54
Q

Nursing interventions for high BP?

A

Assess for pain, reduce activity, assess for anxiety/stress, and rest

55
Q

Having or showing signs of a fever

A

Febrile

56
Q

Free from fever

A

Afebrile

57
Q

Fever of unknown origin

A

FUO

58
Q

Shortness of breath

A

Dyspnea

59
Q

Discomfort when breathing while laying down

A

Orthopnea

60
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing

61
Q

Do vital signs need to be taken at the same time every day?

A

Yes

62
Q

When do you assess pain after pain medication have been given?

A

At least 30 minutes after

63
Q

Nursing interventions for pain:

A

Provide pain medications if ordered and timely, reduce activity, and provide distractions

64
Q

What is the scale list for pain?

A

0- 10

MODULE 1 (27 decks)

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