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MODULE 1 > pharmacology quiz 4 > Flashcards

pharmacology quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Herbals- what an RN needs to know
major drawback:

A

may delay important diagnosis & treatment

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2
Q

herbals & the RN: teach patients to look for products labeled ____

A

‘standardized’ - more likely to have accurate amounts and more purified form of the herb

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3
Q

all of our vitamins and mineral supplements are not watched by the FDA - true or false

A

true

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4
Q

to know if our supplements are a good product or not is watched by the _____

A

CGMP - current good manufacturing practices

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5
Q

cannabis & CBD **

A

nausea or pain, stays in system for 30 days

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6
Q

CBD is not regulated: true or false

A

true

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7
Q

Ginko biloba:

A

avoid before surgery, can cause bleeding when used with anticoagulants

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8
Q

garlic:

A

naturally known to lower BP/cholesterol, natural antibiotic - cause bleeding
- avoid before surgery
-drops sugars

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9
Q

ginger root

A

used to treat nausea, joint pain, causes bleeding, irregular heart, lowers BP and sugar levels

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10
Q

feverfew

A

migraine, prophylaxis, helps new moms milk come in, increased risk of bleeding, avoid in pregnant moms

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11
Q

St. John’s Wort

A

do not use with other antidepressants
-serotonin syndrome

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12
Q

valerian root:

A

calming or help with sleep, can make a patient drowsiness

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13
Q

Kava:

A

relieves anxiety, promote sleep, and relaxes but cause liver damage. Illegal in U.S.

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14
Q

ephedra:

A

used as a diet supplement & performance working drug, banned in the U.S., damaging to heart and CNS

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15
Q

music _____ the levels of the stress hormone _____ and renders people less anxious

A

lowers; cortisol

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16
Q

avoid ‘healers’ who:

A

promise immediate relief, state their way is the only sure way, refuse to work with health care providers, claim to have all the answers, use testimonials that claim amazing results

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17
Q

vaccines for adults:

A

influenza, tetanus/diptheria (Td or Tdap), shingles, and pneumonia

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18
Q

vaccine information statements:

A

required by CDC and law, must be given prior to vaccination and prior to every dose, regardless of age, available in over 40 languages

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19
Q

documentation for vaccines:

A

edition date of the VIS- back right bottom corner, date VIS is provided, office address/name/title of person who administers, and vaccine manufacturer and lot #

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20
Q

pharmacokinetics:

A

how the drug moves through the body

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21
Q

pharmacodynamics:

A

how the drug affects the body

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22
Q

HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

A

atorvastatin (lipitor), simvasatin (zocor)

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23
Q

side effects of statins:

A

decrease liver function/liver failure

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24
Q

what are statins for:

A

reduce LDL and triglycerides

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25
Q

beta blockers medications:

A

atenolol (tenormin), metoprolol (toprol, lopressor)

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26
Q

what are indications for beta blockers:

A

hypertension, chest pain, and assists the workload of the heart

27
Q

side effects for beta blockers:

A

low HR & BP, dizziness, hides symptoms of hypoglycemia, do not stop abruptly, CHF

28
Q

ace inhibitor meds:

A

lisinopril (zestril), enalapril (vasotec), captopril (capoten)

29
Q

indications for Ace Inhibitors:

A

hypertension, heart failure (helps prevent the heart from remodeling)

30
Q

side effects of ace inhibitors

A

angioedema, dry cough, high potassium levels

31
Q

enteral (GI tract) medications are ___

A

oral

32
Q

parental (outside the GI tract)

A

IV, subQ, IM

33
Q

first pass effect:

A

certain drugs that are completely metabolized by the liver the first time they pass through the liver

34
Q

drug metabolism mainly takes place in ___

A

liver

35
Q

levels of drug responses:

A

MEC (minimum effective concentration), therapeutic range (drug safely given), toxic concentration (too high, can kill pt)

36
Q

peak is:

A

1-2 hours after the last dose, highest amount of drug in body

37
Q

trough is:

A

lowest amount of drug in the body, seconds before next dosage

38
Q

loading drug:

A

tapering drug, larger dose then lower then lower

39
Q

ED50 =

A

average effective dose

40
Q

LD50=

A

lethal effective

41
Q

relative potency:

A

minimum amount of drug needed to elicit a response

42
Q

new response of drug-drug interactions:

A

effect not seen with single drug alone

43
Q

inhibit:

A

reduce the effects

44
Q

potentiate:

A

intensifies the effects

45
Q

empty stomach for a drug means:

A

1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal

46
Q

SABA (rescue inhalers)

A

albuterol (proair, proventil, ventolin), levalbuterol, bronchodilator (fast acting)

47
Q

side effects of a SABA:

A

tachycardia, anxiety and tremors, and insomnia

48
Q

fluoroquinolones:

A

levofloxacin (levaquin), ciprofloxacin (cipro)

49
Q

indications for fluoroquinolones:

A

bacterial antibiotics, bacterial respiratory infections, can treat some strep/staph infections, UTI

50
Q

side effects of fluoroquinolones

A

joint pain, c-diff, liver toxicity, renal failure, prolonged QT syndrome, achilles tendon rupture

51
Q

corticosteroids:

A

prednisone, methylprednisone, hydrocortisone, inhaled corticosteroids

52
Q

indications for corticosteroids

A

reduce inflammation, suppress the immune system

53
Q

corticosteroids- tons of side effects:

A

increased appetite, weight gain, mood changes, GI irritation, restlessness

54
Q

idiosyncratic effect:

A

uncommon drug response

55
Q

paradoxical effect:

A

opposite of the intended drug response

56
Q

latrogenic disease:

A

result of medical care or treatment

57
Q

physical dependence:

A

body has adapted to drug exposure in such a way that abstinence syndrome happens

58
Q

synthetic thyroxine (T4) indication:

A

hypothyroidism

59
Q

synthetic thyroxine (T4) side effects

A

tachycardia, palpations, dyspnea on exertion, goiter

60
Q

proton pump inhibitors

A

pantoprazole, omeprazole, lansoprazole

61
Q

indications of proton pump inhibitors:

A

GERD, peptic ulcers, stress ulcer prophylaxis

62
Q

proton pump inhibitors side effects:

A

hypomagnesemia, c-diff, bone fracture, cutaneous lupus

63
Q

hydrocodone indications:

A

pain, cough

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