Viruses Flashcards
What are two types of coatings found on viruses?
Envelopes and capsids
What is a virus?
A single or double strand of nucleus acid, either DNA or RNA covered by a protien coat (capsid)
What is a capsid?
A protien coat
What is an envelope?
Putter coatig can be made of protien, lipid, carb, or a combination
What type of viruses are resistant to disinfectants?
Lipid enveloped
What are bacteriophages?
Viruses that only infect bacteria
What are antibody attachment sites?
Enveloped viruses that have spikes on their surface
What do antibody attachment sites allow?
Allow virus to mutate rapidly
What are four shapes of viruses?
Helical, polyhedral, complex, enveloped
What is a helical shaped virus?
Rod shaped capsid
What is the polyhedral shape?
Many sided figure
What is a complex shape?
Bacteriophage
What is an enveloped shape?
Envelope is flexible and appears spherical
How do you identify the shape of a virus?
Electron microscope
What shape is rabies?
Bullet shaped
How are viruses categorized?
By shape
What are two suggestions for grouping viruses?
By type of cell infected and according to single, double, DNA or RNA
What is the most commonway to cultivate viruses?
Chick embryos
Why is growing viruses hard?
Most animal cells grow poorly and die quickly
What can be used to grow viruses but is considered irregular?
Cancerous cells
What line of cancer cells are still in use today from someone who died in 1951?
Hela line
Describe the lytiC cycle (5)
Virus infects cell, host DNA used to make viral DNA protiens, large number of viral pieces collect, then make new viruses, then kill host to release new viruses
Describe the lysogenic cycle (3)
Viral DNA or RNA is spliced into the host DNA, host cell continues dividing without expressing viral genes, viral DNA signaled to detach from host DNA and goes into lytiC cycle
How long can a virus exist in the lysogenic cycle?
Many years
