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Microbiology > Viruses > Flashcards

Viruses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are two types of coatings found on viruses?

A

Envelopes and capsids

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1
Q

What is a virus?

A

A single or double strand of nucleus acid, either DNA or RNA covered by a protien coat (capsid)

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2
Q

What is a capsid?

A

A protien coat

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3
Q

What is an envelope?

A

Putter coatig can be made of protien, lipid, carb, or a combination

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4
Q

What type of viruses are resistant to disinfectants?

A

Lipid enveloped

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5
Q

What are bacteriophages?

A

Viruses that only infect bacteria

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6
Q

What are antibody attachment sites?

A

Enveloped viruses that have spikes on their surface

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7
Q

What do antibody attachment sites allow?

A

Allow virus to mutate rapidly

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8
Q

What are four shapes of viruses?

A

Helical, polyhedral, complex, enveloped

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9
Q

What is a helical shaped virus?

A

Rod shaped capsid

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10
Q

What is the polyhedral shape?

A

Many sided figure

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11
Q

What is a complex shape?

A

Bacteriophage

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12
Q

What is an enveloped shape?

A

Envelope is flexible and appears spherical

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13
Q

How do you identify the shape of a virus?

A

Electron microscope

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14
Q

What shape is rabies?

A

Bullet shaped

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15
Q

How are viruses categorized?

A

By shape

16
Q

What are two suggestions for grouping viruses?

A

By type of cell infected and according to single, double, DNA or RNA

17
Q

What is the most commonway to cultivate viruses?

A

Chick embryos

18
Q

Why is growing viruses hard?

A

Most animal cells grow poorly and die quickly

19
Q

What can be used to grow viruses but is considered irregular?

A

Cancerous cells

20
Q

What line of cancer cells are still in use today from someone who died in 1951?

A

Hela line

21
Q

Describe the lytiC cycle (5)

A

Virus infects cell, host DNA used to make viral DNA protiens, large number of viral pieces collect, then make new viruses, then kill host to release new viruses

22
Q

Describe the lysogenic cycle (3)

A

Viral DNA or RNA is spliced into the host DNA, host cell continues dividing without expressing viral genes, viral DNA signaled to detach from host DNA and goes into lytiC cycle

23
Q

How long can a virus exist in the lysogenic cycle?

A

Many years

24
Q

What is the routine for prokaryotic infection?

A

Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release

25
Q

What is the infection routine for eukaryotes? (7)

A

Attachment, endocarditis, capsid dissolves, free DNA/RNA to nucleus, biosynthesis, maturation, release

26
Q

What is the assembly stage in prokaryotic and eukaryotic infection?

A

Maturation

27
Q

What is the penetration step in eukaryotes?

A

Endocytosis

Microbiology (22 decks)

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