VIROLOGY Flashcards
Smallest infectious agent (?)
20 nm – 200 nm
Electron microscope (?) – larger size
20x20 nm – 250x300 nm
– contain no enzymes associated with energy
obligate parasite
Either [?] (bacteria is both)
RNA or DNA
Metabolism is entirely dependent on the [?] for biosynthesis
host cell
Requires [?] in order to replicate
living cells
largest DNA
Poxviridae (pox virus)
smallest DNA
Parvoviridae
largest RNA
Paramyxoviridae
smallest RNA
Enteroviridae (enetro virus)
Eschunna Code of ancient Mesopotamia
23 BC
Bite of mad dogs to affect human disease or “Rabies”
23 BC
The Natural History of Man
Aristotle
Reviewed madness in dogs
Aristotle
1796
Edward Jenner
Used cowpox to vaccinate against smallpox
Edward Jenner
VARIOLATION by Chinese
Edward Jenner
With Sarah Nelmes (milkmaid)
Edward Jenner
Small pox has been long eradicated
Edward Jenner
1885
Louis Pastuer
experimented with rabies vaccination
Louis Pastuer
termed ”virus” and “vaccination”
Louis Pastuer
experimented cholera, anthrax, rabies
Louis Pastuer
1886
John Buist
scottish pathologist
John Buist
stained lymph from skin lesions of a smallpox
John Buist
“elementary bodies” - infectious part of the microorganism
John Buist
Smallpox virus particles
John Buist
described the first “filterable” infectious agent called TMV
Dmitri Iwanowski
smallest virus; smaller than bacteria; isolated in plants (leaf of tobacco)
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
first to discriminate viruses and other infectious agents
Dmitri Iwanowski
1892
Dmitri Iwanowski
1898
Martinus Beijerinick
extended Iwanowski’s work with TMV (Tobacco Mosaic Virus)
Martinus Beijerinick
developed the concept of the virus as a distinct entity
Martinus Beijerinick
demonstrated foot and mouth disease
Friedrich Loeffier (1852-1915) and Paul Frosch (1860-1928)
first to prove that viruses also affects plants and animals
Friedrich Loeffier (1852-1915) and Paul Frosch (1860-1928)
1900
Walter Reed
demonstrated that yellow fever is spread by mosquitos/insect vectors
Walter Reed
proved that poliomyelitis is a virus
Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper (1868-1943)
proved that viruses also infects humans
Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper (1868-1943)
1908
Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper (1868-1943)
demonstrated that a virus (Rous sarcoma virus) can cause cancer in chickens
Francis Peyton Rous (1879-1970)
1911
Francis Peyton Rous (1879-1970)
discovered viruses infecting bacteria (bacteriophage)
Frederick Twort (1877-1950)
1915
Frederick Twort (1877-1950)
1917
Felix d’Herelle (1873-1949)
coins the term “bacteriophage”
Felix d’Herelle
1938
Max Theller (1899-1972)
developed a live attenuated vaccine against yellow fever transmitted via mosquito)
Max Theller (1899-1972)
1940
Helmuth Ruska (1908-1973)
used an electron microscope which showed complete virus particles or virions
Helmuth Ruska (1908-1973)
1941
George Hirst