VIRO: FE RETRO-PNEUMO Flashcards
What enzyme transcribes viral RNA into double-stranded DNA in Retroviridae?
Reverse transcriptase
It is the enzyme responsible for integrating viral DNA into the host genome.
Integrase
The term ‘Retro’ in Retroviridae refers to what process?
Reverse transcription
These retroviruses are capable of horizontal transmission.
Exogenous retroviruses
These retroviruses are remnants of ancient infections integrated into host DNA.
Endogenous retroviruses
What does the gag gene encode?
Major structural nonglycosylated polyproteins
The pol gene in retroviruses encodes what proteins?
Reverse transcriptase and integrase enzyme
It is the genus of retroviruses that induce neoplastic transformation in cells.
Oncogenic retroviruses
This retrovirus genus causes lifelong infections with long incubation periods.
Lentivirus
What is the primary mode of transmission for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)?
Bites (through saliva)
These are the four clinical phases of FIV infection.
Acute, prolonged asymptomatic, vague clinical signs, terminal phase
This test is used for diagnosing Equine Infectious Anemia.
AGID test (Coggins test)
The primary cells targeted by Maedi/Visna virus.
Monocytes
It is the primary source of Small Ruminant Lentivirus transmission.
Milk from infected animals
What are the main genera of Birnaviridae?
Avibirnavirus, Aquabirnavirus, Blosnavirus, Entomobirnavirus
What is the common name for Infectious Bursal Disease?
Gumboro Disease
The main target cells of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV).
B lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius
The primary route of transmission for IBDV.
Oral route
What is the key feature of the nucleocapsid in Paramyxoviridae?
Helical symmetry with herring-bone appearance
The genus of Paramyxoviridae that causes Newcastle Disease.
Avulavirus
This strain of Newcastle Disease Virus is the most pathogenic.
Velogenic
It is the causative agent of ‘Sheep and Goat Plague’.
Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)
The viral genus responsible for Canine Distemper.
Morbillivirus
What viral genus includes the pathogen for ‘Blue Eye Disease’ in pigs?
Rubulavirus
These viruses use G protein for cell attachment instead of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase.
Pneumoviridae
This virus causes Swollen Head Syndrome in chickens.
Avian Metapneumovirus (Type A & B)
What is the primary replication site for Paramyxoviridae?
Cytoplasm
These cellular structures are formed due to Paramyxovirus infection.
Syncytia and intracytoplasmic inclusions
The natural reservoir for Henipaviruses.
Pteropus sp. (Fruit bats)
This Henipavirus causes severe respiratory disease in horses.
Hendra Virus
It is the amplifying host for Nipah Virus.
Pigs
What are the three strains of Newcastle Disease Virus?
Velogenic, Mesogenic, Lentogenic
This genus includes Bovine Parainfluenza Virus 3, associated with ‘shipping fever’.
Respirovirus
What virus in Paramyxoviridae causes mumps?
Rubulavirus
This virus in Pneumoviridae is a major cause of respiratory disease in cattle.
Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus
What genus does Turkey Rhinotracheitis virus belong to?
Metapneumovirus
The primary vector of Equine Infectious Anemia.
Haematophagous insects (e.g., Tabanus spp., Stomoxys spp.)
This term describes the presence of multiple petechiae in visceral organs of fish with Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis.
Ropey mucus
What type of genome do Birnaviridae viruses have?
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)
This retrovirus genus is known for causing immunodeficiency diseases in animals.
Lentivirus
What is the most prominent lesion caused by Infectious Bursal Disease?
Cloacal bursa (bursa of Fabricius)
This type of retrovirus has a high mutation rate due to errors in reverse transcription.
Retroviridae
What serological test is commonly used to diagnose Feline Immunodeficiency Virus?
ELISA
This virus is implicated in chronic stomatitis and gingivitis in cats.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
The primary cells targeted by Equine Infectious Anemia Virus.
Macrophages, monocytes, Kupffer cells
This term describes an ancient retroviral infection where viral DNA is integrated into the host genome.
Endogenous retrovirus
