Virginia Henderson: Nursing Need Theory Flashcards
considered to be The 20th Century Florence Nightingale, The Nightingale of Modern Nursing, Modern-Day Mother of Nursing, The First Lady of Nursing
Virgina Henderson
Have basic needs that are components of health; Have a mind and body that is intertwined and interconnected; Require assistance and aid to achieve health and independence; Wholeness of the patient is achieved through balancing physiological and emotional needs.
Man
Biological, Spiritual, Psychological, and Sociological
Components of the Patient to be considered
Individual’s ability to function independently as outlined in the 14 components; Nurses are key persons in promoting health, prevention of illness and being able to cure; Good health is a challenge because it is affected by numerous factors such as age, cultural background, emotional balance, and others.
Health
One of the elements of Henderson’s 14 activities for client assistance; Maintaining conduciveness for promoting health; Also includes individual relation to the family; Provide good conditions which help the patient to perform independently.
Environment
Nurses temporarily assist an individual who lacks the necessary strength, will, and knowledge to satisfy one or more of the 14 basic needs; expected to carry out a physician’s therapeutic plan, but individualized care is the result of the nurse’s creativity in planning for care.
Nursing
“to get inside the patient’s skin and supplement will or knowledge according to his needs”
The Role of Nurse
1) Nurses care for patients until they can care for themselves once again.
2) Patient’s desire to return to health.
3) Nurses are willing to serve.
4) Mind and body are inseparable and are interrelated.
Assumptions of the Need Theory
- The nurse as a substitute for the patient.
- The nurse as a helper to the patient.
- The nurse as a partner with the patient.
Theoretical Assertions: The Nurse-Patient Relationship
- Breathe normally
- Eat and drink adequately
- Eliminate by all avenues of elimination.
- Move and maintain desirable posture
- Sleep and rest
- Select suitable clothing
- Maintain body temperature
- Keep body clean and well-groomed and
protect the skin
Physiological Needs
- Avoid environmental dangers and avoid injuring others
Safety Needs
- Communicate with others
11. Worship according to one’s faith
Belongingness and Love Needs
- Work at something providing a sense of accomplishment
- Play or participate in various forms of recreation
- Learn, discover, or satisfy curiosity
Esteem Needs
The concept of nursing formulated by Henderson in her definition of nursing and the 14 components of basic nursing is uncomplicated and self-explanatory.
- It can be used without difficulty as a guide for nursing practice by most nurses.
- Henderson’s work is relatively simple yet generalizable with some limitations.
- Her work can be applied to the health of individuals of all ages.
- Each of the 14 activities can be the basis for research.
Strengths of the Theory
- Lack of a conceptual linkage between physiological and other human characteristics.
- No concept of the holistic nature of human beings.
- Lacks interrelation of factors and the influence of nursing care
Weaknesses of the Theory
