Dorothea Elizabeth Orem: Self-Care Deficit Theory Flashcards
She was one of America’s foremost nursing theorist who developed the Self-care Deficit Nursing Theory
Dorothea Elizabeth Orem
- Anyone that is being cared for either singly or social units
- The material object of nurses and others who provide direct care
Man
- It is being structurally and functionally as a whole or sound
- Encompasses both health for individuals and group
- Human health is the ability to reflect on oneself, symbolize experience, and communicate with others
Health
It has physical, chemical, and biological features which includes family, culture, and community
Environment
- It is an art which the nurses gives specialized assistance to patients and persons with disabilities to meet self-care needs
- Nurses also participates in the medical care the individual receives from the physician
Nursing
- To stay alive and remain functional, humans engage in constant communication and connect among themselves and their environment.
- The power to act deliberately is exercised to identify needs and to make needed judgements
- Mature human beings experience privations in the form of action in care of self and others involving making life-sustaining and function-regulating actions
- Human Agency is exercised in discovering, developing, and transmitting to other ways and means to identify needs for, and make inputs into, self and others.
- Groups of human beings withe structured relationships cluster tasks and allocate responsibilities for providing care to group members.
Assumptions of the Self-Care Deficit Theory
comprises the practice of activities that a person initiates or performs on their own behalf to maintain life and healthful functioning
Self-Care
the care that is provided to a person who is unable to perform the self-care needed to maintain life and healthful functioning
Dependent-Care
a formulated and expressed insight about actions to be performed that are known or hypothesized to be necessary in the regulation of human functioning and development
Self-Care Requisites
- Factors to be controlled or managed to keep an aspect of human functioning and development.
- The nature of required action
2 Elements of Self-Care Requisites
- Universally required goals are to be met through self-care or dependent-care
- Self-Care requisites common to men, women, and children
Universal Self-Care Requisites
- Provisions of conditions that promote development
- Engagement in self-development
- Prevention of or overcoming effects of human conditions and life situations that can adversely affect human development
Developmental Self-Care Requisites
- Exists for persons who are ill or injured, who have specific forms of pathological conditions or disorders, including defects and disabilities, and who are under medical diagnosis and treatment
- The characteristics of health deviation as conditions extending over time determines the types of care demands that individuals experience as they live with the effects of pathological conditions and live through their durations.
Health Deviation Self-Care Requisites
consists of the summation of care measures necessary at specific times or over a duration of time to meet all of an individual’s known self-care requisites, particularized for existent conditions & circumstances by methods appropriate for the following:
- Controlling or managing factors identified in the requisites, the values of which are regulatory of human functioning (sufficiency of air, water, and food)
- Fulfilling the activity element of the requisites (maintenance, promotion, prevention, and provision)
Therapeutic Self-Care Demand
Summation of care measures at a specific point in time for meeting the dependent’s therapeutic self care demand when his/her self agency is not adequate or operational
Dependent Care Demand
Person’s ability to regulate their own human functioning, development, and in self care which is affected by its basic conditioning factors
Self Care Agency
Ability of a person to know the therapeutic self care demand of the dependent person. Regulates the development and exercise of the dependent’s self care agency.
Dependent Care Agency
Relationship between the person’s therapeutic self care demand and his or her powers of self-care agency. The constituent developed self care capabilities within self care agency are inadequate or inoperable for knowing some or all components of the projected self-care demand.
Self-Care Deficit
Exist when the dependent care provider’s agency is not adequate to meet the therapeutic self care demand of the person receiving dependent care
Dependent Care Deficit
- Comprises the developed capabilities of nurses that empowers them to represent themselves
- Enables nurses to act, know, and help others meet their therapeutic self are demands and not to regulate the development of their self agency
- Assist persons who provide dependent care to regulate exercise of their dependent care agency
Nursing Agency
A professional function performed before and after nursing diagnosis and prescription. Its purpose is to provide guides for achieving needed and foreseen result in the production of nursing toward the achievement of nursing goals
Nursing Design
Series and sequences of deliberate practical actions of nurses performed at times in coordination with the actions of their patients
Nursing System
Sequential series of actions that will overcome or compensate for the health-associated limitations of individuals
Helping Methods
1) acting for or doing for another
3) guiding and directing
3) providing physical or psychological support
4) providing and maintaining an environment that supports personal development
5) teaching
Methods are as follows:
- condition or affect the value of the therapeutic self-car
- ten factors include:
1. Age
2. Gender
3. Developmental state
4. Health State
5. Patter of Living
6. Health Care System Factors
7. Family System Factors
8. Sociocultural Factors
9. Availability of Resources
10. External environment factors
Basic Conditioning Factors
- Orem’s theory provides a thorough foundation for nursing practice. It is useful for professional nurses in nursing practice, nursing education, and administration.
- The terms self-care, nursing systems, and self-care deficit are simple for a new student nurse to understand and can be explored further as they gain more knowledge and experience.
Implications of the Nursing Theory to Nursing Practice and Nursing Education
1) Orem’s Theory and the Nursing Process
2) Wholly Compensatory Nursing System
3) Partial Compensatory Nursing System
4) Supportive-Educative System
Application to Actual Health Care Situations
