Dorothy Johnson: Behavioral System Model Flashcards
author of the BEHAVIORAL SYSTEM MODEL which today is being used as model for nursing practice on an institution-wide basis; For her, the continuous improvement of care was the ultimate goal of nursing
Dorothy Johnson
Patient; referred to as the behavioral system that is composed of seven behavioral subsystems; he strives to make continual adjustments to achieve, maintain, or regain balance
Man
opposite of illness; dynamic state that needs to be balanced
Health
not directly defined by Johnson; all elements of the human system’s surroundings that influences the behavioral system; factors that require the behavioral system to adjust and adapt to maintain equilibrium
Environment
An external force acting to preserve the organization and integration of the patient’s behavior to an optimal level through temporary regulatory mechanisms; external assistance for the patient in times of system imbalance.
Nursing
1) Biological system
2) Behavioral system
Two Major Subsystems
Focus of medicine, refers to the human anatomy
Biological system
Focus of nursing
Behavioral system
To help the patient return or maintain to his or her equilibrium
Nurse’s role
The hexagon represents man as a behavioral system made up of integrated subsystems (sexual, aggressive, dependency, and achievement). These subsystems are behaviors that make up man. They constantly work together to maintain equilibrium for effective functioning and adaptation of man to the environment
Normal Conditions
Happens when force and stress from the environment disturbs the equilibrium of man’s behavioral system and subsystems. From here functioning and adaptation becomes ineffective, and as it goes on, it will feedback to more force and stress that would further disturb the system. The intervention of the nurse is now required to help bring back equilibrium in between the system and its subsystems.
Behavioral Disorder
States that each individual has patterned, purposeful, repetitive ways of acting that comprises a behavioral system specific to that individual; advocates the fostering of efficient and effective behavioral functioning in the patient to prevent illness
Behavioral System Model
An imbalance in each system
Disequilibrium
Behavior associated with the development and maintenance of interpersonal relationships with parents, peers, and authority figures.
Attachment or Affiliative Subsystem
Behavior associated with obtaining assistance
from others to complete tasks and/or for emotional support.
Dependency Subsystem
Behavior associated with intake of needed
resources from the external environments
Ingestive Subsystem
Behavior associated with the release of physical
waste products from the body
Eliminative Subsystem
Behavior associated with gender identity
Sexual Subsystem
Behavior associated with responses to threats to ensure survival
Aggressive-Protective Subsystem
Behavior associated with mastery of oneself to
produce a desired effect or some standard of self-excellence
Achievement Subsystem
1) The behavioral system is composed of subsystems and these subsystems are organized and work together to make the entire system work.
2) Man or the system constantly tries to keep his equilibrium no matter the external forces from the environment.
3) The behavioral system is essential to man
4) System balance reflects adjustments and adaptations that are successful in some way and to some degree.
Assumptions of the Theory
Guides nursing practice, education, and research, generates new ideas about nursing and differentiates nursing from other health professions; provides definitive goals and straightforward course planning.
Implication to Nursing Education
The theory is used in used in in-patient, out-patient, and community settings as well as in nursing administration; Can be used in hospitals as a framework for diagnosing the problems of the patient and proposing and evaluating comprehensive nursing care
Implication to Nursing Practice
Best applied in the assessment and evaluation phase of the nursing process, during which the nurse can determine whether or not there is balance in the subsystems of the patient.
Application to Actual Health Care Situation
