Virgil's Georgics: Lines 411-444 Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Give two examples of polyptoton

A

‘Quanto/ tanto’ and ‘talis/ qualem’

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2
Q

What is the effect of the polyptoton?

A

Emphasises the struggle back and forth between Proteus and his captors

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3
Q

What does Cyrene use to aid her son?

A

Divine intervention

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4
Q

What is ambrosia?

A

Food of the gods

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5
Q

How does Cyrene use divine intervention?

A

She invigorates him with the scent of ambrosia and carries him to Proteus’ cave

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6
Q

Why does Cyrene help Aristaeus in hiding?

A

Gods are not supposed to help with human affairs

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7
Q

Give two other examples of divine mothers helping their mortal children

A

Thetis with Achilles

Venus with Aeneas

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8
Q

Is ‘drenched’ a common meaning for ‘perduxit’?

A

No

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9
Q

Which line is a golden line?

A

Line 417

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10
Q

What is the effect of the golden line here?

A

Represent perfume wafting in front of Aristaeus’ face using chiasmus

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11
Q

What is the structure of chiasmus?

A

ABBA

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12
Q

What technique has been used with the word ‘dulcis’?

A

Spondee- it fills the whole first foot

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13
Q

Is the golden line acting as a clausula?

A

No

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14
Q

Where is there an abnormal, heavy pause on line 418?

A

Before ‘est specus ingens’

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15
Q

Where is there contrast on line 418?

A

Between the accent and ictus with ‘est specus’

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16
Q

What is accent?

A

The naturally stressed syllable based on normal pronunciation and it’s position in the line

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17
Q

What is ictus?

A

When the natural stress of a word is overruled by the position in the line, creating a clash between the way it would normally be pronounced and the way it has to be pronounced to fit the meter

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18
Q

State the sibilance on line 420

A

‘Sinus scindit sese’

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19
Q

What does the sibilance on line 420 represent?

A

The hissing of the shallow waves on the sand

20
Q

What is Sirius?

A

The dog star

21
Q

What does the first clause on line 425 refer to?

A

The time of year as the Dog Star is associated with the hottest weather

22
Q

What does the second clause on lines 425-427 refer to?

A

The time of day as the sun being at midday or the time of year again being summer

23
Q

On lines 425-427, there is a lexical field of what?

A

Heat - almost every word conveys the intensity of heat

24
Q

What is the imagery of the moist sea scattering over the land a contrast with?

A

The previous description of dry, parched ground and intense heat

25
Q

What two techniques are used in line 432?

A

Spondiac movement and sibilance

26
Q

What is the effect of the spondiac movement on line 432?

A

The elongated, leisurely activity of Proteus and his seals

27
Q

What is the effect of the sibilance on line 432?

A

Highlights the scorching sun on the seals’ and Proteus’ skin

28
Q

Where else is the simile found about Proteus being a shepherd?

A

Homer’s Odyssey

29
Q

What is the impact of describing Proteus as a shepherd?

A

Reminds us of the pastoral nature of the Georgics as a whole

30
Q

What does bucolic mean?

A

Relating to the pleasant aspects of the countryside and country life

31
Q

Where is it bucolic in this passage?

A

The tranquil description of animals and pastures

32
Q

Where is there enjambment?

A

‘Occupat’

33
Q

How does line 440 reinforce a sense of drama?

A

The rhythm of the dactyl continues after the end of the sentence which ends at the first foot

34
Q

Where else is there an unusual pause? Why?

A

Line 416 after ‘perduxit’ to make a golden line on line 417

35
Q

Why does Cyrene sprinkle ambrosia on Aristaeus?

A

To give him a pleasant aroma to make his meeting with Proteus more pleasant. Enhances his appearance

36
Q

Why did Virgil use the word ‘breathed’?

A

They believed you breathed out your soul when you died so it shows the ambrosia is cleaning him in and out

37
Q

Where is Virgil being poetic?

A

With ‘half its course’ rather than ‘midday’

38
Q

Describing the hot weather is an example of what?

A

Pathetic fallacy

39
Q

Where is there synecdoche?

A

‘Tecta’ meaning roof instead of home

40
Q

Which word on line 435 is onomatopoeic?

A

‘Balatibus’

41
Q

Who is Vesper?

A

Goddess of the evening

42
Q

Why does Virgil mention Vesper?

A

Elaborate way of saying it is the evening

43
Q

Why does Virgil use a simile of Proteus being a shepherd?

A

To make it more relatable for the audience

44
Q

Where is polysyndeton present?

A

Line 442

45
Q

Why is Vesper responsible for the calves coming in?

A

That happens in the evening

46
Q

What idea is repeated?

A

Hiding in a mist