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GI II > Viral hepatitis > Flashcards

Viral hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

Enveloped, circular, partially dsDNA virus of the Hepadnaviridae family

A

HBV

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2
Q

Marker of HBV envelope seen in serum, used for diagnosis

A

HBsAg

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3
Q

Marker of HBV not seen in the serum, but seen in the liver

A

HBcAg

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4
Q

HBV core associated antigen seen in serum

A

HBeAg

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5
Q

HBV trans-activator of replication

A

HBxAg

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6
Q

Forms of HBV

A

Dane particle
Spherical forms
Tubular forms

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7
Q

Baltimore class VII replication type

A

DNA genome replicated via an RNA intermediate

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8
Q

Incubation period of HBV

A

45-180 days, average of 60-90

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9
Q

HBV markers positive in immune tolerant phase

A

HBeAg
HBsAg
High levels of HBV DNA

Minimal rise in LFTs

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10
Q

First phase of HBV infection characterized

A

Immune tolerant phase

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11
Q

Second phase of HBV infection

A

Immune active phase

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12
Q

HBV markers seen in immune active phase

A

High levels of HBV DNA
HBsAg
HBeAg converted to Anti-HBe (IgM)

Increased LFTs

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13
Q

Third phase of HBV infection

A

Immune control phase

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14
Q

HBV markers seen in immune control phase

A

Anti-HBe (IgM)
HBV DNA low or undetectable
HBeAg negative
HBsAg

Normal LFTs

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15
Q

Forth phase of HBV infection

A

Immune clearance phase

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16
Q

HBV markers seen in immune clearance phase

A

HBeAg negative
Anti-HBe (IgM)
HBV DNA high
HBsAg

Increased LFTs

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17
Q

When is HBsAg spot test able to be detected in serum and what does it indicate?

A

1-10 wks after exposure

Infectivity

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18
Q

Marker present during the entire duration of acute HBV

19
Q

Marker present during acute, chronic, and carrier states of HBV

20
Q

What is indicated by present of IgM anti-HBc in serum?

A

Acute infection

21
Q

What is indicated by Anti-HBs in serum?

A

Immunity to HBV

22
Q

What is indicated by IgG anti-HBc in serum?

A

Marker of past or chronic infection

23
Q

What specific antibody is used as marker for reduced replication of HBV?

24
Q

Antivirals used for treating chronic HBV

A

Lamivudine
Entecavir
Telbivudine
Tenofovir

25
Q

Active immunization against HBV and schedule

A

Recombinant HBsAg vaccine

Given at 0, 1, and 6 mos

26
Q

Passive immunization for HBV vaccine

A

Human immunoglobulin given within 1 wk of exposure

27
Q

What HBV vaccine is given to neonates of HBV positive mothers?

A

Passive immunization with human immunoglobulin

Combined

28
Q

How many doses of the combined HBV vaccine are given?

29
Q

Treatment for HBV contaminated materials

A

10% bleach

30
Q

Spherical, enveloped, positive sense ssRNA virus of Flaviviridae family. Genotype 1a is major seen in US.

31
Q

Predominant symptom of HCV infection

A

Chronic fatigue

32
Q

Binds to CD81 antigen or LDL receptor on hepatocytes via E2 glycoprotein, leading to chronic disease.

33
Q

Prodromal phase of HCV

A

6-7 wks after exposure

34
Q

Viremia phase of HCV

A

1-3 wks up to 4-6 mos

35
Q

Extrahepatic manifestations of HCV

A

Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia
Porphyria cutanea retarda
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

36
Q

Defective virus with negative sense ssRNA

37
Q

Family of HAV

A

Picornaviridae

38
Q

Incubation period of HAV

39
Q

How HAV travels to liver?

A

Via portal V

40
Q

Gold standard for diagnosing HAV

A

Anti-HAV IgM by ELISA or RIA

41
Q

Post-exposure prophylaxis for HAV

A

Anti-HAV antibody within 2 wks

42
Q

HAV vaccine type

A

Killed HAV

43
Q

Family and genus of HEV

A

Family Hepeviridae
Genus Hepevirus

GI II (31 decks)

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