Video 15 Seizures Flashcards
Name the type of seizure associated with a child who appears to be daydreaming in class and is found to have a 3-second spike-and-wave pattern on EEG?
Absence seizure.
Name the type of seizure associated with sudden, brief muscle contraction?
Myoclonic epilepsy.
Name the type of seizure associated with motor, sensory, visual, psychic, or autonomic phenomena with preserved level of consciousness?
Simple partial seizure.
Name the type of seizure associated with seizure begins with behavioral arrest, which is followed by auditory or visual hallucinations, automatisms, and finally by postictal confusion?
Complex partial seizure.
What disorder is characterized by paroxysmal episodes of sharp, shooting facial pain in the distribution of one or more branches of CN V?
Trigeminal neuralgia.
What is the drug of choice for Trigeminal neuralgia?
Carbamazepine.
What is the triad of cerebellar dysfunction?
1) Loss of balance (disequilibrium).
2) Hypotonia.
3) Loss of coordinated muscle activity (Dyssynergia).
Name the terms used to describe traumatic injury to the cortex at the site of impact and opposite the side of impact?
1) Coup injury (at the side of impact).
2) Contrecoup injury (opposite the site of impact).
Name the type of seizure associated with loss of consciousness followed by loss of postural control, a tonic phase of muscle concentration and clinic limb jerking?
Tonic-clonic seizure.
What is the difference between partial seizures and generalized seizure?
Partial is occurring in one area of the brain and generalized affect the brain diffused.
Which are the two types of partial seizures?
1) Simple partial: Consciousness intact.
2) Complex partial: impaired consciousness.
What are the different type of generalized seizures?
1) Absence (petit mal).
2) Myoclonic.
3) Tonic-clonic (Grand mal).
4) Tonic.
5) Atonic.
What seizure is characterized by 3 Hz in the EEG, no posictal confusion, blank stare?
Absence.
What are the characteristics of a Myoclonic seizure?
Quick, repetitive jerks.
What seizure is characterized by alternating stiffening and movement ?
Tonic-clinic (Grand mal)
What seizure is characterized by only stiffening?
Tonic seizure
What are the characteristics of the Atonic seizure?
“Drop” seizures (fall to floor); commonly mistaken for fainting.
What is the definition of Status epilepticus?
- Recurring seizures without regaining consciousness between seizures.
- Variably defined as >10-30 min.
- It may result in brain injury.
According to the causes of seizures by age, which are the causes in children?
Genetic, infection (febrile), trauma, congenital, metabolic.
According to the causes of seizures by age, which are the causes in adults?
Tumor, trauma, stroke and infection.
According to the causes of seizures by age, which are the causes in elderly?
Stroke, tumor, trauma, metabolic, infection.
What are the characteristics of Tuberous Sclerosis?
1) Autosomal Dominant.
2) Complete penetrance but variable expression.
3) TSC1 or TSC2 gene mutation.
4) Classic triad: Seizures, Mental retardation and Angiofibroma.
Which is the tuberous sclerosis triad?
1) Seizures.
2) Mental retardation.
3) Angiofibroma.
Which genes regulates hamartin protein and tuber in protein?
1) TSC1 gene regulates hamartin protein.
2) TSC2 gene regulates tuber in protein.
