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DIT Recommended Course Order > Video 13 Brain Tumors > Flashcards

Video 13 Brain Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

In what patients is more common the supratentorial tumors?

A

1) Adults: Supratentorial.

2) children: Infratentorial.

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2
Q

What are the principals causes of tumor in adults?

A

MGM Studios. Metastasis, Glioblastoma, Meningioma, Schwannoma.

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3
Q

Which is the most common primary brain tumor in adults?

A

Glioblastoma.

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4
Q

What grade of the astrocytoma is the Glioblastoma?

A

Grade IV astrocytoma.

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5
Q

How is the prognosis in a patient who has a Glioblastoma?

A

Very poor prognosis, it is the highly malignant number one brain tumor.

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6
Q

How long is the life expectancy on a patient with Glioblastoma?

A

From 6 months to 1 year, it is rapidly progressive.

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7
Q

Where is the more common localization of Glioblastoma?

A

Located in cerebral hemisphere.

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8
Q

What can we see in the histological of the Glioblastoma?

A

“Pseudopalisading” pleomorphic tumor cells -border central areas of necrosis and hemorrhage.

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9
Q

Stain Astrocytes for GFAP…

A

Glioblastoma

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10
Q

What is the second most common primary brain tumor in adults?

A

Meningioma

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11
Q

Which are the characteristics of the Meningioma?

A

1) Slow growing.
2) Originates in arachnoid cells.
3) Located near surface of brain.
4) Often resectable and/or Radiosurgery.

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12
Q

What are the histological features of the Meningioma?

A

1) Spindle cells concentrically arranged in a whorle pattern.
2) Psammoma bodies (laminated calcifications).

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13
Q

What is the third most common brain tumor in adults?

A

Schwannoma.

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14
Q

What is the name of the Schwannoma when this localized in CN VIII?

A

Acoustic schannomas, vestibular Schwannoma or acoustic neuroma.

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15
Q

What is the definition of Schwannoma?

A

Benign nerve sheath tumor of Schwann cells

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16
Q

What is the percentage of the brain tumors that is primary and which is for metastasis?

A

50% Primary & 50% Metastasis.

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17
Q

What tumor marker appears in Schwannoma?

A

S-100

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18
Q

Histology: “Fried egg” - round nuclei with clear cytoplasm.

A

Oligodendroglioma.

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19
Q

Which are the characteristics of oligodendroglioma?

A

1) Slow growing.
2) Most often in frontal lobes.
3) “chicken-wire” capillary pattern.

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20
Q

Which brain tumor secretes pituitary hormone?

A

Prolactin: Hypogonadism.
Growth hormone: Acromegaly
+ bitemporal hemianopia (compression of optic chiasm leads it’s).

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21
Q

Which are the characteristics in Hemangiblastoma?

A

1) Most often cerebellar.
2) Can produce erythropoietin (due to polycythemia).
3) associated with Von hippel-lindau syndrome and renal cell carcinoma.

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22
Q

Which is the most common primary brain tumor in childhood?

A

Pilocytic (low grade) astrocytoma.

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23
Q

Which are the characteristics of the pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

1) Well circumscribed.
2) Most often found in posterior fossa.
3) Elevated GFAP.
4) Benign, good prognosis.

24
Q

What is the tumor marker of the pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

GFAP

25
Q

What histological feature do we found in pilocytic astrocytoma?

A

Rosenthal fiber -Elsinophilic, corkscrew fibers.

26
Q

Which are the characteristics of the medulloblastoma?

A

1) Highly malignant cerebellar tumor.
2) Compress fourth ventricle, cause hydrocephalus.
3) can send “drop metastases” to spinal cord.
4) Homer-Wright rosettes.

27
Q

In which pathology can we found Homer-Wright rosettes?

A

Medulloblastoma., small blue cells.

28
Q

What is perivascular pseudorosette found it in ependymoma?

A

Circular arrangement of tumor cells with a vessel in the center.

29
Q

Homer-Wright rosette.

A

Medulloblastoma

30
Q

Perivascular pseudoresette.

A

Ependymoma.

31
Q

What is the most common childhood supratentorial tumor?

A

Craniopharyngioma.

32
Q

Which tumor derived from remnants of Ratke pouch?

A

Craniopharyngioma, calcification is common.

33
Q

Adult tumor, whirled pattern, Psammoma bodies.

A

Meningioma.

34
Q

Pediatric brain tumor, fourth ventricle compression, perivascular rosettes.

A

Ependymoma.

35
Q

S-100 (+), associated with CN VIII, Neurofibromatosis type II.

A

Schwannoma.

36
Q

Derived from rathke’s pouch, pediatric supratentorial tumor, bitemporal hemianopsia.

A

Craniopharyngioma

37
Q

Bitemporal hemianopsia, amenorrhea, decreased libido, secretes prolactin.

A

Prolactinoma

38
Q

Stain with GFAP, pseudopalisading necrosis, number one in adults.

A

Glioblastoma

39
Q

Elevated GFAP, rosenthal fibers, number one pediatric tumor.

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

40
Q

Cerebellar tumor, fourth ventricle compression, homer-wright rosettes.

A

Medulloblastoma.

41
Q

Cerebellar tumor, polycythemia, Von hippel-lindau syndrome

A

Hemangiblastoma

42
Q

Slow growing, frontal lobes, perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing.

A

Oligodendroglioma

43
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with Pseudopalisading necrosis?

A

Glioblastoma.

44
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with polycythemia?

A

Hemangiblastoma

45
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits Neurofibromatosis type 2?

A

Schwannoma.

46
Q

Which primary brain tumor is associated with Von hippel-lindau syndrome?

A

Hemangiblastoma

47
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with foamy cells, high vascularity?

A

Hemangiblastoma

48
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with hyperprolactinemia (galactorrhea, amenorrhea, anovulation)?

A

Pituitary adenoma.

49
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits Psammoma bodies?

A

Meningioma

50
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with fried-egg appearance?

A

Oligodendroglioma

51
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with perivascular pseudorosette?

A

Ependymoma

52
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with bitemporal hemianopia?

A

Pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma.

53
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with worst prognosis of any primary brain tumor?

A

Glioblastoma

54
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with child with hydrocephalus?

A

Medulloblastoma, ependymoma.

55
Q

Which primary brain tumor fits with Homer-wright pseudorosette?

A

Medulloblastoma.

DIT Recommended Course Order (21 decks)

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