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Physiology Exam VI > Vestibular Function > Flashcards

Vestibular Function Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 major functions of the vestibular system

A

subjective awareness of body position/movement
postural tone and equilibrium
stabilization of eyes in space during head movements

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2
Q

what are the otolith organs

A

utricle saccule

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3
Q

what are the semicircular canals

A

anterior, posterior, horizontal

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4
Q

what do otolith organs contain

A

a macule which contains hair cells

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5
Q

what are teh senosry receptor cells in the vestibular system

A

hair cells

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6
Q

what happens if stereocilia are bent towards kinocilium

A

cell depolarizes adn releases additional neurotransmitter

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7
Q

what happens if stereocilia are bent away from kinocilium

A

hyperpolarizes adn decreass neurotransmitter release

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8
Q

how is the macula of utricle oriented

A

parallel to ground

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9
Q

how is macula of saccule oriented

A

vertical to ground when head is upright

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10
Q

how are hair cells in the ampulla/cupula stimulated

A

by angular acceleration

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11
Q

how do semicircualr canals respond to head turning

A

horizontal canal receptors on one side increase their firing rate and receptors on the other side decrease firing

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12
Q

vestibulo-ocular reflex

A

response to head terns

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13
Q

if head is tilted to one side how do the eyes rotate

A

in opposite direction

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14
Q

what is the function of VOR

A

help maintain visual field in horizontal plane

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15
Q

what is the slow conjugate movement of the eyes that compensates for head turns driven by

A

vestibular system

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16
Q

what direction is slow eye movement

A

away from head turn

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17
Q

what direction is fast eye movement

A

towards head turn

18
Q

rotatory nystagmus

A

slow phase of nystagmus - opposite direction of head turn

19
Q

fast phase nystagmus

A

moves eyes back to midline, in direction of head turn

20
Q

post-rotatory nystagmus

A

occurs after a person stops turning

21
Q

caloric test for vestibular function

A

water test

22
Q

cold water

A

fast phase to opposite ear

23
Q

warm water

A

fast phase towards same ear

24
Q

what happens if you do a carloric test in an unconcious pt

A

they do not have the fast phase

25
Q

what does doll’eye maneuver test

A

brainstem function in an uncouscious pt

26
Q

what do you see in the doll’s eye maneuber

A

slow phase nystagmus

27
Q

benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

A

not caused by intra-crainial neoplasm, but by free floating aprticles

28
Q

how long does vertigo last in BPPV

A

40 seconds or less

29
Q

is there hearing loss in BPPV

A

no

30
Q

what causes meniere syndrome

A

imbalance between production and reabsorption of endolymph

31
Q

what are the symptoms of meniere syndrome

A

sensation of ear fullness
tinnitus
severe acute vertigo

32
Q

where are the vestibular nuclei located

A

rostral medulla and caudal pons

33
Q

where do the vestibular nuclei project

A

MLF
Laterl vestibulospinal tract
medial vestibulospinal tract
high centers

34
Q

what happens to projection that goes to MLF

A

vestibulo-ocular reflexes

35
Q

what happens to projection that goes to lateral vestibulospinal tract

A

control o fmotor neurons o flimb and trunk for maintence of balance and posture

36
Q

what happens to projection that goes to medial vestibulospinal tract

A

control neck muscles/head position

37
Q

what happens to projection that goes to higher centers

A

conscious awareness of body orientation and motion

38
Q

what do utricle and saccula measure

A

linear acceleration

39
Q

what happens if your head is tiled back

A

hair cells bent toward kinocilia - increased firing rate

40
Q

what happens if you tild head forward

A

decreased firing rate

41
Q

what type of firing rate do otolith organs have

A

tonic

42
Q

vertigo

A

feeling that the world is spinning around or that your head/body are spinning

Physiology Exam VI (18 decks)

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