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Physiology Exam VI > Cerebellar Function > Flashcards

Cerebellar Function Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 lobes of the cerebellum

A

anterior, posterior flocculonodular

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2
Q

vermis

A

center of cerebellum

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3
Q

cerebellar lesions cause symptoms on what side

A

ipsilateral

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4
Q

mossy fibers come from

A

from neurons in the spinal cord and brainstem

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5
Q

climbing fibers come from

A

from inferior olives

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6
Q

what do climbing fibers contract

A

Purkinje cells

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7
Q

What is the input to cerebellar cortex

A

mossy fibers
climbing fibers
nonlaminar afferents

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8
Q

What are the 5 main types of neurons in the cerebellar cortex

A 
purkinje
granule
golgi
stellate
basket
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9
Q

purkinje cells

A

only cell to project out of cerebellar cortex

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10
Q

granule cell

A

excitatory cell in cerebellar cortex

origin of parallel fibers

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11
Q

golgi celsl

A

affect dendritic input to purkinje cells by inhibting granule cells

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12
Q

stellate cells

A

affect dendritic integration of purkinje cells through inhibitory synpases on dendritic tree

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13
Q

basket cells

A

make inhibitory synpases near intitiral segment of purkinje cell axon

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14
Q

how many climbing fibers does purkinje cell recieve

A

1

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15
Q

1 AP in climbing fibers is enough to result in what

A

complex Ca dependent spike in purkinje cell

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16
Q

what does mossy fiber input result in

A

smaller EPSPs that have to sum up to result in a single AP

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17
Q

how are purkinje fibers involved in motor learning

A

climbing fiber input causes changes in Purkinje cell future response to mossy fiber input

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18
Q

output of purkinje cells from cerebellar cortex is usually

A

inhibitory

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19
Q

output of deep cerebellar nuclei from cerebellar cortex is usually

A

excitatory

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20
Q

anatomical region of vestibulcerebellum

A

floccular-nodular lobe

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21
Q

input to vestibulocerebellum

A

primary afferent from vestibular labyrinth and fibers from vestibular nuclei
indirect visual input from superior colliuli and striate cortex

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22
Q

functions of vestibulocerebellum

A

regulate equilibrium gait posture, coordinate movements of head and eyes

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23
Q

lesion to vestibulocerebellum cause what

A

ataxic gait, eye movement problems

24
Q

lesion to vestibulo cerebellum causes patient to fall tow hat side

A

toward the side of lesion

25
Q

anatomical region of spinocerebellum - vermis portion

A

anterior and posterior portions of the vermis

26
Q

somatosensory input to spinocerebellum- vermis protion

A

spinal cord from axial and proximal body parts

27
Q

vestibular inputs to spinocerebellum - vermis protion

A

facial, visual, and auditory input to posterior lobe only

28
Q

output from spinocerebellum - vermis protion

A

via fastigial nucleis to medial motor systems, vestibular nucleus and reticular formation, morot cortex

29
Q

main function of spinocerebellum - vermis protion

A

regulate axial and proximal musculature, control of saccades, smooth pursuit eye movements

30
Q

anatomical region of spinocerebellum - intermediate part of hemisphere - paravermal region

A

intermediate part of hemisphere

31
Q

input to spinocerebellum - intermediate part o fhemisphere = paravermal region

A

distal body part sensory info

primary motor and somatic sensory cortex

32
Q

function of spinocerebellum - intermeidate part of hemisphere - paravermal region

A

regulate distal muscles, concerned with ongoing motor execution and regulation of muscle tone

33
Q

lesions to spinocerebellum intermeidate part of hemisphere - paravermal region causes deficits where

A

ipsilateral

34
Q

what type of mechanisms does spinocerebellum use to regulate ongoing movements

A

feedback and feedforward

35
Q

where is cerebrocerebellum or pontocerebellum located

A

lateral part of hemisphere

36
Q

input to cerebrocerebellum (pontocerebellum)

A

cortical afferents via pontine nuclei

37
Q

output from cerebrocerebellum (pontocerebellum)

A

via dentate nucleus to red nucleus and the thalamus which projects to the premotor and primary motor cortex and prefrontal cortesx

38
Q

function of cerebrocerebellum (pontocerebellum)

A

preparation for movement

39
Q

lesion in cerebrocerebellum (pontocereellum) causes what

A

delays in initiating and terminating movements
problem in multi-joint movement
ability to judge elapsed time in non-motor tasks

40
Q

how was motor performance in pt with cerebellar deficits with closed eyes

A

improved

41
Q

hypermetria

A

overreaching the intended goal

42
Q

hypometria

A

undershoot the traget

43
Q

dysarthria

A

disorder in articulating speech

44
Q

titubation

A

tremor of entire trunk of head during stance and gait. caused by cerebellar midline lesions

45
Q

how can vestibular-ocular reflex be suppresed

A

visual fixation

46
Q

pendular muscle stretch reflexes

A

pendular knee jerk response to tap on patellar tendon

47
Q

synergy

A

movements are coordinated over 2 or more joints to make a smooth movement

48
Q

rebound phenomena

A

inability agonist and anatgonist to adapt to rapid changes in load

49
Q

alcoholism can cause atrophy where

A

anterior love of cerebellum

50
Q

atrophy of anterior lobe of cerebellum causes

A

difficulty walking and with leg control in general. control of arms and head less affected

51
Q

friereich ataxia

A

recessive inherited progressive spinocerebellar ataxia

triplet repeats

52
Q

high fidelity tracts

A

carry information for unconscious proprioception from receptors in the muscles, tendons, joints

53
Q

internal feedback tracts

A

monitor the activity of spinal interneurons and of descending motor signals from cerebral cortex and brainstem

54
Q

reading aloud results in increased activity where

A

right lateral cerebellum

55
Q

does the cerebellum have more input or output

A

input

56
Q

how are the cerebellar cortex and motor cortex connected

A

contralaterally

57
Q

what are granule cells excited by

A

mossy fibers

Physiology Exam VI (18 decks)

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