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Physiology Exam VI > Auditory > Flashcards

Auditory Flashcards

1
Q

What is Hz actually measuring

A

frequency of sound

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2
Q

high frequency sound has what kind of wavelength

A

short

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3
Q

low frequency sound has what kind of wavelenggth

A

long

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4
Q

what is amplitude of sound wave

A

intesnity of sound

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5
Q

if sound pressure is weaker than reference pressure what will the dB be

A

negative

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6
Q

what is range of human hearing

A

20 Hz to 20,000 Hz

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7
Q

People over 25 usually can’t hear above what

A

~17kHz

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8
Q

What is the most sensitive range of hearing

A

1-4 kHz

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9
Q

presbycusis

A

hearing loss in older people

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10
Q

what type of hearing do people lose first

A

high frequency

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11
Q

What are some things that can cause a notch in audiogram

A

explosions, gunshots

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12
Q

function of pinna

A

localizing sound in vertical plane

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13
Q

what is the resonant frequency of the external auditory meatus

A

3,500 Hz

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14
Q

Function of ossicular system

A

provide impedance match between outer and inner ear

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15
Q

impendance

A

resistance to movement

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16
Q

air in outer ear has what kinda impedance

A

low

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17
Q

fluid in inner ear has what kind of impedance

A

high

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18
Q

what is the stapedius inenrvated by

A

CN VII

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19
Q

What is the tensor tympani innervated by

A

CN V

20
Q

What is the middle ear muscle attenuation reflex

A

both muscles contrac tin response to loud noise

21
Q

HOw can bell’s palsy cause a loss of the middle ear muscle attentuation reflex

A

by deinnervating the stapedius

22
Q

What do the middle ear muscles do before vocalization

A

contract

23
Q

cochlea

A

small coiled structure containing the organ of Corti which contains auditory hair cells

24
Q

endolymph concentrations

A

high concention of K+

25
Q

where is endolymph found

A

in cochlear duct

26
Q

where is perilymph found

A

in scala vestibuli, scala tympani and surrounding the lower part of hair cells

27
Q

what is the conc of perilymph

A

high Na+ low K+

28
Q

you is potassium recycled in the cochlea duct

A

gap junctions

29
Q

stria vascularis

A

responsible for production of endolymph

30
Q

melanocytes are an important component of what

A

stria vascularis

31
Q

how is the basialr membrane near the base

A

narrow and stiff

32
Q

how is the basilar membrane near the apex

A

wider and floppy

33
Q

where are high frequencies in the cochlea

A

near base

34
Q

where are low frequencies in cochlea

A

near apex

35
Q

binaural interactions

A

help with sound localization

36
Q

what is conductive deafness due to

A

impaired sound transmission in the external or middle ear

37
Q

What is dearness usually due to

A

loss of cochlear hair cells

38
Q

ways that hair cells can be damaged

A

ototoxic drugs

noise

39
Q

vestibular schwannoma usually causes what

A

unilateral hearing loss

40
Q

what is central hearing loss due to

A

lesions to central auditory nuclei and pathways

41
Q

hyperacusis

A

painful sensitivity to loud sounds

42
Q

what does spinal ganglion contain

A

cell bodies

43
Q

what do outer hair cells help with

A

more and better frequency discrimination

44
Q

what is unique about outer hair cells

A

they can change in length in response to efferent stimulation and sharpen frequency-resolving power of the cochlea

45
Q

what type of patients don’t usually have otoacoustic emissions

A

sensory hearing losses of greater than 30 dB

46
Q

where does the sound lateralize in conductive hearing loss

A

bad ear

47
Q

where does sound lateralize in neurosensory hearing loss

A

good ear

Physiology Exam VI (18 decks)

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