Learning and Memory Flashcards
What are the two areas of learning
associative
Non-associative
types of associative learning
passive
operant
types of non-associative learning
simple and compelx
What is memory
encoding, storage, and retrieval of learning information
What are the stages of memory
recall, codification, contex
memory trace
pattern of activity uniqut to the record
how do you maintain short term memory
frequent rehearsal
how do you transform short term memory to long term memory
consolidation
how long is short term memory stored for
second - minutes - hours
how long is long term memory stored for
years
working memory
process for holding information in a useable form for basic cognitive activities
What are some deficits to working memory
it’s limited, easily distracted, fragile
what is working memory mediated by
prefrontal cortex
What is declarative memroy
explict, descriable
what is declarative memory mediated by
hipoocampus, temporal lobe, cortex
what are different types of declarative memory
episodic, semantic
what is episodic memroy
recollection of events in context of time and place relative to past experiences
what is semantic memory
facts. general knowledge
What is non declarative memroy
implicit, not easy to descrie
What are types of non declarative memroy
priming
procedural
associative
What is priming mediated by
neocortex
what is priming
presenting with info and later given part of the presenting info in hopes that you’ll remember the rest
What is procedural mediated by
striatum
what is procedural
remembering steps to perform action
what are examples of associative learning
emotional, motor
what is emotional mediated by
amygdala
what is motor mediated by
cerebellum
What are the domains of memory
cognitive
psychomotor
affective`
What is Hebb’s postulate
When an axon of cell A exictied cell B repeated some change happens so A becomes more efficeitn
long term potentiation
an enduring increase in synaptic efficacy that results from high frequency stimulation of an afferent pathway
Many forms of LTP depend on what
NMDA receptors
what affect does increased NMDA receptor acitivy have
makes us smarter
What are the processing stages of memory
acquistition, rehearse, consolidate
dialogue
synchronized oscillation b/w hippocampus and cortex memory replay during slow wave sleep
fear extinction
getting rid of fear conditiong
mechanism for fear extinction involves what three structures
prefronal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus
anterograde amnesia is primarily a defect in what
consolidation
damage to what can cause anterograde amnesia
hippocampus
What does antergorate amnesia affect
declarative memroy
agnosia
inability to recognize stimuli, commands
damage to what causes retrograde amnesia
cortex and forebrain
