Vertebral Column Flashcards
atlantooccipital joint action
head extension and flexion
what kind of joint is atlantoocciptal?
synovial
atlantoaxial joint action
head lateral rotation
what kind of joint is atlantoaxial?
pivot
atlanooccipital joint is between what?
superior articular facet on axis and occipital bone
atlantoaxial joint is between what?
median = dens and anterior arch of atlas
lateral = superior articular facet of axis andinterior articular facet of atlas
cruciate ligament of craniovertebral joint
- superior longitudinal band (above atlas)
- transverse ligament of atlas/band
- inferior longitudinal band (on axis)
alar ligament
connects transversely dens and occipital bone
what does whiplash break?
dens
T1 vertebra is missing what facet?
superior costal facet
T12 vertebra is missing what facet?
inferior costal facet
no rib should be on T1 except for ______ rib
cervical
which thoracic vertebrae do not have transverse costal facets?
thoracic vertebrae connected to floating ribs (T11 and T12)
why is the sexual dimorphism of the tailbone clinically relevant?
women are more likely to break their tail bone because its more superficial because of the angle of the coccyx in the female is closer to the surface than the male’s
lordosis
bump to the front
kyphosis
bump to the back
name the vertebral column curvatures
- cervical lordosis
- thoracic kyphosis
- lumbar lordosis
- sacrococcygeal kyphosis
women are more susceptible to excessive _____ of their spine
kyphosis
C7 spinous process
vertebra prominens
annulus fibrosis is a collection of what?
concentric lamellae with a nucleus pulpous in the center
3 intervertebral joints
- intervertebral cartilaginous joint
- left intervertebral synovial facet joints (zygapophysis)
- right intervertebral synovial facet joints (zygapophysis)
what is the intervertebral cartilaginous joints supported by?
anterior & posterior longitudinal ligaments
what are the left and right intervertebral synovial facet joints supported by?
- supraspinous ligament
- interspinous ligament
- ligamentum flavum
SUPer INTo LIGArs
intervertebral cartilaginous joint consists of what?
- hyaline cartilage of the vertebral body
- the intervertebral disc
where are the uncovertebral joints located?
- between unicate processes of C3-C6/7
- posterolaterally
spurs located in what part of the neck can cause sometimes cause neck pain?
uncinate processes (uncovertebral joints)
uncinate process spur
during week 4, the sclerotome cells migrate to enclose what?
the notochord
what is the embryologic origin of the nucleus pulosus and annulus fibrosis?
notochord in the intervertebral spaces that did not regress or get surrounded by sclerotome
what do the sclerotomal cells become?
- vertebral centra
- neural arches
- ribs
patch of hair superficial to the lumbosacral spine sometimes indicates what?
spina bifida
herniated disc between C7-T1 impinges what spinal nerve?
C8
what is spinal nerve C8 responsible for?
- sensation from skin of 5th manual digit and proximal up past the wrist
- innervates manual digital flexors
herniated disc between C7-T1 manifests as what?
- decreased sensation of the little finger
- finger flexion weakness