Vertebral Column

Question 1

atlantooccipital joint action

Answer 1

head extension and flexion

Question 2

what kind of joint is atlantoocciptal?

Answer 2

synovial

Question 3

atlantoaxial joint action

Answer 3

head lateral rotation

Question 4

what kind of joint is atlantoaxial?

Answer 4

pivot

Question 5

atlanooccipital joint is between what?

Answer 5

superior articular facet on axis and occipital bone

Question 6

atlantoaxial joint is between what?

Answer 6

median = dens and anterior arch of atlas

lateral = superior articular facet of axis andinterior articular facet of atlas

Question 7

cruciate ligament of craniovertebral joint

Answer 7

• superior longitudinal band (above atlas)
• transverse ligament of atlas/band
• inferior longitudinal band (on axis)

Question 8

alar ligament

Answer 8

connects transversely dens and occipital bone

Question 9

what does whiplash break?

Answer 9

dens

Question 10

T1 vertebra is missing what facet?

Answer 10

superior costal facet

Question 11

T12 vertebra is missing what facet?

Answer 11

inferior costal facet

Question 12

no rib should be on T1 except for ______ rib

Answer 12

cervical

Question 13

which thoracic vertebrae do not have transverse costal facets?

Answer 13

thoracic vertebrae connected to floating ribs (T11 and T12)

Question 14

why is the sexual dimorphism of the tailbone clinically relevant?

Answer 14

women are more likely to break their tail bone because its more superficial because of the angle of the coccyx in the female is closer to the surface than the male’s

Question 15

lordosis

Answer 15

bump to the front

Question 16

kyphosis

Answer 16

bump to the back

Question 17

name the vertebral column curvatures

Answer 17

• cervical lordosis
• thoracic kyphosis
• lumbar lordosis
• sacrococcygeal kyphosis

Question 18

women are more susceptible to excessive _____ of their spine

Answer 18

kyphosis

Question 19

C7 spinous process

Answer 19

vertebra prominens

Question 20

annulus fibrosis is a collection of what?

Answer 20

concentric lamellae with a nucleus pulpous in the center

Question 21

3 intervertebral joints

Answer 21

• intervertebral cartilaginous joint
• left intervertebral synovial facet joints (zygapophysis)
• right intervertebral synovial facet joints (zygapophysis)

Question 22

what is the intervertebral cartilaginous joints supported by?

Answer 22

anterior & posterior longitudinal ligaments

Question 23

what are the left and right intervertebral synovial facet joints supported by?

Answer 23

• supraspinous ligament
• interspinous ligament
• ligamentum flavum

SUPer INTo LIGArs

Question 24

intervertebral cartilaginous joint consists of what?

Answer 24

• hyaline cartilage of the vertebral body

- the intervertebral disc

Question 25

where are the uncovertebral joints located?

Answer 25

• between unicate processes of C3-C6/7

- posterolaterally

Question 26

spurs located in what part of the neck can cause sometimes cause neck pain?

Answer 26

uncinate processes (uncovertebral joints)

uncinate process spur

Question 27

during week 4, the sclerotome cells migrate to enclose what?

Answer 27

the notochord

Question 28

what is the embryologic origin of the nucleus pulosus and annulus fibrosis?

Answer 28

notochord in the intervertebral spaces that did not regress or get surrounded by sclerotome

Question 29

what do the sclerotomal cells become?

Answer 29

• vertebral centra
• neural arches
• ribs

Question 30

patch of hair superficial to the lumbosacral spine sometimes indicates what?

Answer 30

spina bifida

Question 31

herniated disc between C7-T1 impinges what spinal nerve?

Answer 31

C8

Question 32

what is spinal nerve C8 responsible for?

Answer 32

• sensation from skin of 5th manual digit and proximal up past the wrist
• innervates manual digital flexors

Question 33

herniated disc between C7-T1 manifests as what?

Answer 33

• decreased sensation of the little finger

- finger flexion weakness