Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

atlantooccipital joint action

A

head extension and flexion

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2
Q

what kind of joint is atlantoocciptal?

A

synovial

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3
Q

atlantoaxial joint action

A

head lateral rotation

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4
Q

what kind of joint is atlantoaxial?

A

pivot

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5
Q

atlanooccipital joint is between what?

A

superior articular facet on axis and occipital bone

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6
Q

atlantoaxial joint is between what?

A

median = dens and anterior arch of atlas

lateral = superior articular facet of axis andinterior articular facet of atlas

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7
Q

cruciate ligament of craniovertebral joint

A
  • superior longitudinal band (above atlas)
  • transverse ligament of atlas/band
  • inferior longitudinal band (on axis)
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8
Q

alar ligament

A

connects transversely dens and occipital bone

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9
Q

what does whiplash break?

A

dens

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10
Q

T1 vertebra is missing what facet?

A

superior costal facet

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11
Q

T12 vertebra is missing what facet?

A

inferior costal facet

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12
Q

no rib should be on T1 except for ______ rib

A

cervical

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13
Q

which thoracic vertebrae do not have transverse costal facets?

A

thoracic vertebrae connected to floating ribs (T11 and T12)

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14
Q

why is the sexual dimorphism of the tailbone clinically relevant?

A

women are more likely to break their tail bone because its more superficial because of the angle of the coccyx in the female is closer to the surface than the male’s

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15
Q

lordosis

A

bump to the front

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16
Q

kyphosis

A

bump to the back

17
Q

name the vertebral column curvatures

A
  • cervical lordosis
  • thoracic kyphosis
  • lumbar lordosis
  • sacrococcygeal kyphosis
18
Q

women are more susceptible to excessive _____ of their spine

A

kyphosis

19
Q

C7 spinous process

A

vertebra prominens

20
Q

annulus fibrosis is a collection of what?

A

concentric lamellae with a nucleus pulpous in the center

21
Q

3 intervertebral joints

A
  • intervertebral cartilaginous joint
  • left intervertebral synovial facet joints (zygapophysis)
  • right intervertebral synovial facet joints (zygapophysis)
22
Q

what is the intervertebral cartilaginous joints supported by?

A

anterior & posterior longitudinal ligaments

23
Q

what are the left and right intervertebral synovial facet joints supported by?

A
  • supraspinous ligament
  • interspinous ligament
  • ligamentum flavum

SUPer INTo LIGArs

24
Q

intervertebral cartilaginous joint consists of what?

A
  • hyaline cartilage of the vertebral body

- the intervertebral disc

25
Q

where are the uncovertebral joints located?

A
  • between unicate processes of C3-C6/7

- posterolaterally

26
Q

spurs located in what part of the neck can cause sometimes cause neck pain?

A

uncinate processes (uncovertebral joints)

uncinate process spur

27
Q

during week 4, the sclerotome cells migrate to enclose what?

A

the notochord

28
Q

what is the embryologic origin of the nucleus pulosus and annulus fibrosis?

A

notochord in the intervertebral spaces that did not regress or get surrounded by sclerotome

29
Q

what do the sclerotomal cells become?

A
  • vertebral centra
  • neural arches
  • ribs
30
Q

patch of hair superficial to the lumbosacral spine sometimes indicates what?

A

spina bifida

31
Q

herniated disc between C7-T1 impinges what spinal nerve?

A

C8

32
Q

what is spinal nerve C8 responsible for?

A
  • sensation from skin of 5th manual digit and proximal up past the wrist
  • innervates manual digital flexors
33
Q

herniated disc between C7-T1 manifests as what?

A
  • decreased sensation of the little finger

- finger flexion weakness