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Anatomy Bootcamp > Spinal Cord Contents > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Contents Flashcards

1
Q

how many cervical vertebrae?

A

8

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2
Q

where do cervical vertebrae exit?

A

C1-C7 = above

C8 = below C7

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3
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae?

A

12

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4
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae

A

5

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5
Q

how many sacral vertebrae?

A

5

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6
Q

how many coccygeal vertebrae?

A

1

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7
Q

lumbosacral enlargement innervation

A

anterior rami and sacral plexus

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8
Q

what level does the spinal cord taper off?

A

L1-L2

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9
Q

what is the tapering off of the spinal cord called?

A

conus medullaris

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10
Q

what is the horse tail?

A

cauda equina

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11
Q

what allows the sacral nerves to exit near their vertebrae?

A

cauda equina

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12
Q

what is the vestigial remnant of the coccygeal portion of the spinal cord?

A

filum terminale

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13
Q

which filum terminale is still within the dural sac?

A

filum terminale internum

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14
Q

which filum terminale attaches to the coccyx and acts as an anchor for the lower spinal cord and meninges?

A

filum terminale externum

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15
Q

what is the order of nerves and roots?

A

rootlets&raquo_space; (a/p) roots&raquo_space; dura mater&raquo_space; nerve&raquo_space; rami

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16
Q

what carries both sensory and motor fibers?

A

nerve

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17
Q

what is the meninges layer mnemonic?

A

DAP

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18
Q

which layer has fat?

A

extradural (epidural) space

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19
Q

what is the subdural space?

A

dura-arachnoid interface

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20
Q

which layer encloses CSF?

A

arachnoid mater and subarachnoid space

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21
Q

what are the spider webs?

A

arachnoid trabeculae

22
Q

what kind of tissue is arachnoid mater?

A

elastic and fibrous tissue

23
Q

what kind of tissue is arachnoid trabeculae

A

connective tissue

24
Q

what does the lumbar cistern contain?

A

CSF and Cauda Equina in the subarachnoid space

25
Q

what are the lateral extensions of the pia mater that help anchor the spinal cord and are suspended in CSF?

A

denticulate ligaments

26
Q

where do the denticulate ligaments attach?

A

between anterior and posterior roots&raquo_space; arachnoid mater

27
Q

what keeps the spinal cord from going side to side?

A

denticulate ligaments

28
Q

what keeps the spinal cord from going up and down?

A

filum terminale

29
Q

what does the dura mater blend with?

A

epineurium

30
Q

what do the arachnoid mater and pia mater blend with?

A

perinerurium

31
Q

what will a fast flow rate of CSF do?

A

increase subarachnoid pressure (meningitis)

32
Q

what is the normal flow rate of CSF?

A

1 drop per second

33
Q

what is the red-orange discoloration caused by lysing of RBC for 12 hours

A

xanthocrhomia

34
Q

what level is for an LP?

A

between L3-L4 or L4-L5

lumbar cistern

35
Q

what position should an LP be done in?

A
  • lateral decubitus

- knee-chest position

36
Q

what does the LP position do?

A

spreads the spinous process and lamina

37
Q

where are you when you hear the “pop”?

A

epidural space, go just a little deeper (4-6cm) to get to subarachnoid space (dural cistern)

38
Q

when do you not do an LP?

A
  • CT confirmed intracranial pressure
  • bleeding disorder
  • acute spinal trauma
  • skin infection
39
Q

why does a spinal injection work without numbing above the waist?

A

it is heavier than CSF

40
Q

which numbing procedure cannot be repeated?

A

spinal injection

41
Q

where does epidural go?

A

epidural space (never puncture meninges)

42
Q

most common epidural?

A

caudal epidural (S2 down)

43
Q

what is the largest nerve root compression?

A

L5

44
Q

what is the smallest root compression?

A

Intervertebral foramen

45
Q

what supplies the spinal cord? (3 longitudinal arteries)

A
  • Anterior spinal artery (sulcal artery)

- 2 posterior spinal arteries

46
Q

what is the blood supply of the roots of spinal nerves?

A

anterior/posterior radicular arteries

47
Q

how is anterior spinal cord artery formed?

A

union of 2 vertebral arteries

48
Q

how is posterior spinal cord artery formed?

A

from vertebral or posteroinferior arteries

49
Q

map the arterial flow of the spinal cord

A

vertebral/intercostal/lumbar/sacral arteries&raquo_space; segmental medullary arteries&raquo_space; longitudinal artery

50
Q

what artery reinforces circulation of 2/3 of spinal cord including lumbosacral enlargement?

A

greater anterior segmental medullary after (Adamkiewics)

51
Q

what side is the greater anterior segmental medullary artery on in most people?

A

left

52
Q

what can you use to image the spinal cord if you can’t use an MRI?

A

myelography

Anatomy Bootcamp (17 decks)

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