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Anatomy Bootcamp > Histologic Techniques > Flashcards

Histologic Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

most commonly used staining method?

A

hematoxylin and eosin

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2
Q

which of H and E is acidic

A

E

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3
Q

which of H and E is basic

A

H

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4
Q

4 types of tissue in the body

A
  • epithelium
  • connective tissue
  • nerve tissue
  • muscle tissue
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5
Q

steps of tissue processing

A
  • Collection
  • Fixation
  • Dehydration
  • Clearing
  • Infiltration (58-60C)
  • Embedding

Fire Departments Come In Engines with Sirens and Masks

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6
Q

2 methods of fixation

A

chemical and freezing

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7
Q

which fixation methods for light microscopy?

A

chemical and freezing

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8
Q

which fixation method for electron microscopy?

A

chemical

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9
Q

which fixation method takes less time?

A

freezing

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10
Q

dehydration

A

penetration of the clearing agent&raquo_space; replaces water with organ solvent (ethanol/acetone)

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11
Q

what are some artifacts of dehydration?

A
  • extraction of lipids

- tissue shrinkage

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12
Q

clearing

A

clearing agent is removed with toluene/xylene&raquo_space; makes tissue clear

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13
Q

which step takes the longest time?

A

embedding

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14
Q

which tissues use microtome?

A

paraffin-embedded

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15
Q

which tissues use ultramicrotome?

A

upon-embedded

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16
Q

which tissues use cryostat?

A

frozen tissue

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17
Q

which microscope has a steal blade

A

microtome

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18
Q

which microscope has a glass/diamond knife?

A

ultramicrotome

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19
Q

what is the significance of mounting?

A
  • minimizes damage

- eazes handling

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20
Q

in histology what is the net charge of proteins

A

positive

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21
Q

in histology what is the net charge of nucleic acids

A

negative

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22
Q

where is the nucleic acids most concentrated

A

nucleus

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23
Q

what is the charge of a basic dye?

A

positive

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24
Q

what does the basic part of basic dye mean?

A

color of basic dye is in basic radical

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25
Q

what does a basic dye bind to?

A

negative charged tissues (RNA,DNA)

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26
Q

what are negative charged tissues said to be?

A

basophilic

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27
Q

what is the charge of an acidic dye?

A

negative

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28
Q

what does the acidic part of acidic dye mean?

A

color of acidic dye is in acid radical

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29
Q

what does acidic dye bind to?

A

positive charged tissues (cytoplasmic proteins)

30
Q

what are positive charged tissues said to be?

A

acidophilic

31
Q

which of H and E is blue?

A

H - binds positive charged tissues

32
Q

which of H and E is pink?

A

E - binds negative charged tissues

33
Q

Hannah like to Be Positive, Never Blue

A
  • H
  • Basic Dye
  • Binds Positive things
  • Nuclei
  • Blue color (basophilic)
34
Q

which color will chromatin and ribosomes be?

A

blue (basophilic)

35
Q

which color will collagen fibers, RBC, muscle filaments, mitochondria be?

A

pink (acidophilic)

36
Q

PAS

A
  • carboydrates
  • pink

(I’m going to PAS on the CARBS)

37
Q

Ammoniacal Silver

A
  • black
  • binds carbs in reticular fibers

(RETurn the CARBS to SILVa or you’ll need ELASTIC pants)

38
Q

argyrophilic

A

silver loving

39
Q

which stain is used in light microscopy for the myelin sheath of neural tissue?

A

osmium tetroxide

40
Q

2 types of electron microscopy

A
  • transmission

- scanning

41
Q

osmium tetroxide

A

You’ll PHO get FAT and play DARk ELECTRIC music like Ozzy OSborn

42
Q

metachromasia

A
  • basic dye
  • stains different color than normal

(toluidine & methylene blue)

(I TOLd you not to METa MISTAKE)

43
Q

orthochromatic

A

same color as native dye

44
Q

3 dyes of Masson’s Trichome

A
  • Acid fuchsin
  • Hematoxylin
  • Aniline blue/Fast green

(Don’t make me COLL MASSON)

45
Q

what stains blue with Masson trichome?

A

collagen (vagina collagen)

46
Q

what stains pink with Masson trichome?

A

smooth muscle (vagina smooth muscle)

47
Q

what is Masson’s trichome used for

A

show collagen (cirrhosis of liver)

48
Q

3 types of artifacts

A
  • knife marks
  • precipitates
  • folds
49
Q

most common light microscope

A

bright-field microscope

50
Q

what is the major difference between light microscope and electron microscope?

A

type of illumination

  • light - travel long distances
  • electrons - travel short distances
51
Q

4 principles of light microscopy

A
  • magnification
  • resolution
  • contrast
  • refractive index
52
Q

what can be used to increase the resolution for light microscopy?

A

colored dyes

53
Q

what can be used to increase the resolution for electron microscopy?

A

heavy metals

54
Q

refractive index

A

ratio between the speed of light in a vacuum and speed of light in another medium

55
Q

what is the best kind of RI to get the best resolution?

A

the biggest RI gives the best resolution

56
Q

which type of electron microscopy has a better resolution?

A

transmission

57
Q

does a small or big lambda give a better resolution?

58
Q

micrometer

A

10-9

light microscopy

59
Q

nanometer

A

10-6

electron microscopy

60
Q

2 histochemistry techniques

A
  • Immunohistochemisty

- In Situ Hybridization

61
Q

immunohistochemistry

A

proteins with labeled antibodies

62
Q

in-situ hybridizaton

A

nucleotide sequences

63
Q

clinical significance of immunohistochemistry

A
  • detect tumors
  • stages of cancer
  • identification of infectious microorganisms
64
Q

which step of tissue prep preserves topographical relations of cellular/tissue contents?

65
Q

what intercellular structure does H and E stain?

A

H - Nucleic Acids

E - Cytoplasm proteins

66
Q

which stain is used to identify glycogen?

67
Q

what is it when certain basic dyes react with certain macromolecules resulting in a different color than the dye?

A

metachromasia

68
Q

what is an alteration to a tissue specimen that occurs by accident or poor technique?

69
Q

which type of electron microscope permits visualization of the surface ultrastructure?

70
Q

which histochemical technique permits location of proteins?

A

immunohistochemistry

71
Q

which histochemical technique permits location of nucleic acids?

A

in-situ hybridization

Anatomy Bootcamp (17 decks)

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