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Anatomy Bootcamp > Extrinsic Back Muscles > Flashcards

Extrinsic Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

superficial muscles insertion

A

pectoral girdle or arm

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2
Q

superficial muscles innervation

A

cranial nerve, spinal nerve via plexus

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3
Q

intermediate muscles innervation

A

spinal nerve, anterior ramus

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4
Q

deep muscles insertion

A

vertebra, skull, proximal rib

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5
Q

deep muscles innervation

A

spinal nerve, posterior ramus

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6
Q

which level of muscles is anterior ramus?

A

intermediate

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7
Q

which level of muscles is posterior ramus?

A

deep

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8
Q

5 types of superficial extrinsic back muscles

A
  • trapezius
  • latissimus dorsi
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid major
  • rhomboid minor
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9
Q

ascending and descending fibers of trapezius causes what action

A

upward rotation of the scapula

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10
Q

trapezius origin

A
  • superior nuchal line
  • external occipital protuberance
  • nuchal ligament
  • SP lower cervical, upper thoracic
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11
Q

trapezius insertion

A
  • lateral 1/3 of clavicle
  • acromion process
  • spine of scapula
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12
Q

trapezius action

A
  • descending fibers = elevation
  • middle fibers = retraction
  • ascending fibers = depression
  • ascending and descending fibers together = upward rotation of the scapula
  • extension of head and neck
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13
Q

trapezius innervation

A

motor = accessory nerve (11)

sensory = anterior rami of mid cervical

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14
Q

trapezius blood supply

A

superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

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15
Q

what is a high area for injury by physicans?

A

between the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius where the accessory nerve is superficial and vulnerable

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16
Q

levator scapulae origin

A

TP upper cervical

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17
Q

levator scapulae insertion

A

superior angle of scapula

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18
Q

levator scapulae action

A

elevation and downward rotation of scapula

**lateral flexion of the neck = when contraction of the muscle when the shoulder is fixed

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19
Q

levator scapulae innervation

A

motor = dorsal scapular nerve

sensory = anterior rami mid cervical

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20
Q

levator scapulae blood supply

A

-dorsal scapular artery (deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

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21
Q

rhomboid major origin

A
  • nuchal ligament
  • supraspinatous ligament
  • SP upper thoracic
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22
Q

rhomboid major insertion

A

medial border of scapula inferior to spine

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23
Q

rhomboid major action

A

retraction and downward rotation of scapula

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24
Q

rhomboid major innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

25
Q

rhomboid major blood supply

A

dorsal scapular artery (deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

26
Q

rhomboid minor origin

A
  • nuchal ligament
  • supraspinatous ligament
  • SP lower cervical, upper thoracic
27
Q

rhomboid minor insertion

A

medial border of the root of spine of scapula

28
Q

rhomboid minor innervation

A

dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

29
Q

rhomboid minor blood supply

A

dorsal scapular artery (deep branch of transverse cervical artery)

30
Q

latissimus dorsi origin

A
  • SP lower thoracic
  • ribs 9-12
  • thoracolumbar fascia
  • iliac crest
31
Q

latissimus dorsi insertion

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus on anterior humerus

32
Q

rhomboid major action

A

-fixes scapula to thoracic
wall
-retracts and rotates scapula to depress glenoid cavity

33
Q

rhomboid minor action

A

-fixes scapula to thoracic
wall
-retracts and rotates scapula to depress glenoid cavity

34
Q

latissimus dorsi action

A
  • extends humerus
  • adducts humerus
  • medially rotates humerus
35
Q

latissimus dorsi innervation

A

motor = thoracodorsal nerve (posterior cord C6-C8)

36
Q

latissimus dorsi blood supply

A

thoracodorsal artery

37
Q

2 intermediate extrinsic back muscles

A
  • serratus posterior superior

- serratus posterior inferior

38
Q

serratus posterior superior origin

A
  • nuchal ligament

- SP lower cervical, upper thoracic

39
Q

serratus posterior superior insertion

A

dital angle ribs 2-5

40
Q

serratus posterior superior action

A

elevates ribs 2-5

41
Q

serratus posterior superior innervation

A

anterior rami T2-T5 (intercostal nerves)

42
Q

serratus posterior superior blood supply

A

posterior intercostal arteries

43
Q

serratus posterior inferior origin

A

SP lower thoracic, upper lumbar

44
Q

serratus posterior inferior insertion

A

distal angle ribs 9-12

45
Q

serratus posterior inferior action

A

depresses ribs 9-12

46
Q

serratus posterior inferior innervation

A

intercostal nerves - anterior rami T9-T11

subcostal nerves - anterior rami T12

47
Q

serratus posterior inferior blood supply

A

posterior intercostal arteries

48
Q

If the cross section image of the back has a scapula, what is the most superficial muscle?

A

trapezius

49
Q

If the cross section image of the back DOES NOT have a scapula, what is the most superficial muscle?

A

latissimus dorsi

50
Q

From the lower thoracic to the lumbar levels, the posterior cutaneous branch originates from the _____ branches of the posterior rami and enters the superficial fascia lateral to the thoracolumbar fascia.

A

lateral

51
Q

map out the dorsal branch of the posterior intercostal artery

A

descending aorta&raquo_space; course along thoracic wall in the intercostal spaces&raquo_space; posterior intercostals give rise to the deep branch

52
Q

what does the dorsal branch of the posterior intercostal artery course with?

A

posterior ramus

53
Q

what is the venous drainage for the extrinsic back muscles

A
  • intercostal veins
  • azygos vein
  • superior vena cava
  • inferior vena cava
54
Q

triangle of auscultation

A
  • medial wall = inferior margin of trapezius
  • lateral wall = medial border of scapula
  • inferior wall = superior margin of latissimus dorsi
  • floor = 6th and 7th rib, external intercostal within 6th intercostal space
55
Q

which muscle is most likely involved in elevating, depressing, and retracting the scapula?

A

trapezius

56
Q

what nerve is injured if movements involving adduction, medial rotation, and extension of the arm are weak?

A

thoracodorsal

57
Q

severed transverse cervical artery would affect which muscle most?

A

trapezius

58
Q

severed posterolateral aspect of neck causes inability to elevate tip of shoulder on the injured side, what nerve is injured?

A

accessory

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