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Anatomy Bootcamp > Intrinsic Back & Suboccipital Muscles > Flashcards

Intrinsic Back & Suboccipital Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

extrinsic back muscle embryo

A

hypomere of myotome

have to migrate to back

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2
Q

intrinsic back muscle embryo

A

epimere of myotome

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3
Q

extrinsic rami

A

anterior

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4
Q

intrinsic rami

A

posterior

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5
Q

extrinsic action

A

control of:

  • superficial = limbs
  • intermediate = respiration
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6
Q

intrinsic action

A

act on vertebral column

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7
Q

what muscles does the thoracodorsal fascia compartmentalize?

A

intrinsic back muscles

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8
Q

where is the thoracodorsal fascia thicker?

A

lumbar

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9
Q

where is the thoracodorsal fascia thinner?

A

thoracic

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10
Q

2 superficial layers (spinotransversales) of muscles

A
  • splenius capitis

- splenius cervicis

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11
Q

9 intermediate layers (erector spinal) of muscles

A
  • Spinalis capitis
  • Spinalis cervicis
  • Spinalis thoracis
  • Longissimus capitis
  • Longissimus cervicis
  • Longissimus thoracis
  • Iliocostalis cervicis
  • Iliocostalis thoracis
  • Iliocostalis lumborum
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12
Q

9 deep layers (transversospinales) muscles

A
  • Semispinalis cervicis
  • Semispinalis thoracis
  • Multifidus
  • Rotatores cervicis
  • Rotatores thoracis
  • Rotatores lumborum
  • Interspinales
  • Intertransversarii
  • Levator scapulae
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13
Q

splenius capitis origin

A
  • lower nuchal ligament

- SP lower cervical, upper thoracic

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14
Q

splenius capitis insertion

A
  • mastoid process

- skull below superior nuchal line

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15
Q

splenius capitis action

A
  • bilaterally extends head

- unilaterally flexes and rotates face to the same side (ear to shoulder)

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16
Q

splenius capitis innervation

A

posterior rami middle cervical nerves

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17
Q

splenius capitis blood supply

A

deep cervical artery

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18
Q

splenius cervicis orgigin

A

SP upper thoracic

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19
Q

splenius cervicis orgin

A

SP upper thoracic

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20
Q

splenius cervicis insertion

A

TP upper cervical

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21
Q

splenius cervicis action

A
  • bilaterally extends neck

- unilaterally flexes and rotates neck to same side (ear to shoulder)

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22
Q

splenius cervicis innervation

A

posterior rami lower cervical nerves

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23
Q

splenius cervicis blood supply

A

deep cervical artery

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24
Q

spinalis origin

A

SP

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25
Q

spinalis insertion

A

SP

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26
Q

erector spinae muscle group action

A

extends and laterally bends vertebral column and head

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27
Q

erector spinae muscle group innervation

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves in each region

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28
Q

which spinalis muscle attaches to the mastoid process

A

spinalis capitis

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29
Q

longissimus origin

A

TP

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30
Q

which longissimus muscle attaches to the mastoid process

A

longissimus capitis

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31
Q

longissimus insertion

A

TP

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32
Q

which longissimus muscles attache to the ribs

A
  • longissimus thoracis

- longissimus lumborum

33
Q

iliocostalis origin

A
  • sacrum
  • iliac crest
  • supraspinous ligaments
  • angles of ribs
34
Q

iliocostalis insertion

A

TP

35
Q

what are the 2 paired muscles in the deep layer

A
  • levatores costarum

- interspinales

36
Q

levatores costarum origin

A

TP upper cervical-lower thoracic

**paired muscle

**spans ~2 ribs

37
Q

levatores costarum insertion

A

rib below tubercle

38
Q

levatores costarum action

A

elevates rib

39
Q

levatores costarum innervation

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

40
Q

interspinales origin & insertion

A

between SP of adjacent vertebrae

**paired muscle

41
Q

interspinales action

A

stabilize vertebrae during movement (postural muscle)

42
Q

interspinales innervation

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

43
Q

intertransversarii origin & insertion

A

between TP of adjacent vertebrae

44
Q

intertransversarii action

A

stabilize vertebrae during movement (postural muscle)

45
Q

intertransversarii innervation

A

posterior & anterior rami of spinal nerves

46
Q

semispinalis thoracis origin

A

TP middle-lower thoracic

47
Q

semispinalis thoracis insertion

A

SP lower cervical, upper thoracic

**spans 4-6 vertebrae

48
Q

semispinalis cervicis origin

A

TP upper thoracic

49
Q

3 segmental muscles

A
  • interspinales
  • intertransversarii
  • levatores costarum
50
Q

semispinalis cervicis insertion

A

SP upper-middle cervical

**spans 4-6 vertebrae

51
Q

semispinalis capitis origin

A
  • TP lower cervical, upper thoracic

- articular processes middle-lower cervical

52
Q

semispinalis insertion

A

medial area between superior and inferior nuchal lines on occipital bone

53
Q

multifidus origin

A
  • sacrum
  • erector spinae
  • PSIS
  • mammillary process of lumbar vertebrae
  • TP thoracic vertebrae
  • AP cervical vertebrae
54
Q

multifidus insertion

A

base of SP upper cervical to lower lumbar

**span 2-4 vertebrae

55
Q

which intrinsic back muscles span 4-6 vertebrae?

A
  • semispinalis thoracis

- semispinalis cervicis

56
Q

which intrinsic back muscle spans ~2-4 vertebrae?

A
  • multifidus

- levatores costarum

57
Q

rotatores muscles origins

A

TP/AP of each region

58
Q

rotatores muscles insertions

A

SP of each region

**short = 1 vert away

**long = 2 vert away

59
Q

3 rotatores muscles

A
  • rotatores lumborum
  • rotatores thoracis
  • rotatores cervicis
60
Q

which muscles unilateral bend the head and neck (ear to shoulder)

A
  • iliocostalis cervicis
  • longissimus capitis
  • longissimus cervicis
  • splenius capitis
  • splenius cervicis
  • intertransversarii
61
Q

muscles that unilaterally bend the head and neck (ear to shoulder) attach to what?

A

TP

62
Q

which muscles bilaterally extend the head and neck?

A
  • semispinalis cervicis
  • iliocostalis cervicis
  • splenius cervicis
  • levator scapulae
  • splenius capitis
  • multifidus
  • longissimus capitis
  • semispinalis capitis
  • trapezius
63
Q

muscles that bilaterally extend the head attach to what?

A

SP

64
Q

which muscles ipsilaterally rotate the head and neck (look over shoulder)?

A
  • rotatores
  • semispinalis capitis
  • semispinalis cervicis
  • splenius cervicis
  • contralateral = sternocleidomastoid
65
Q

which muscles bilaterally extend the back?

A
  • erector spinae
  • multifidus
  • semispinalis throacis
66
Q

which muscles unilaterally flex the back (lean to the side)?

A
  • iliocostalis thoracis
  • iliocostalis lumborum
  • longissimus thoracis
  • multifidus
  • external oblique
  • internal oblique
  • quadratus lumborum
  • rhomboids
  • serratus anterior
67
Q

which muscles unilaterally rotate the back (lawn mower)?

A
  • rotatores
  • multifidus
  • iliocostalis
  • longissimus
  • external oblique with opposite internal oblique
  • splenius thoracis
68
Q

sprain

A

injury to ONLY ligamentous tissue

69
Q

sprain symptoms

A

pain, swelling, bruising, not able to move joint, may hear pop

**ankle

70
Q

sTrain

A

injury to muscle or tendinous fibers

71
Q

strain symptoms

A

pain, muscle weakness, swelling, trouble moving muscles, muscle spasms

**lower back/posterior thigh

72
Q

spasm

A

involuntary movement (due to injury/inflammation)

73
Q

4 muscles of suboccipital triangle

A
  • rectus capitis posterior minor
  • rectus capitis posterior major
  • obliquus capitis superior
  • obliquus capitis inferior
roof = semispinalis capitis
floor = posterior arch C1 and posterior atlanto-occipital membrane
74
Q

suboccipital triangle contents

A
  • vertebral artery

- suboccipital nerve

75
Q

what muscles extend at the Atlanta-occipital joint?

A
  • rectus capitis posterior minor
  • recuts capitis posterior major
  • obliquus capitis superior
  • splenius capitis
  • longissimus capitis
  • ascending part of trapezius

**maybe proprioception

76
Q

obliquus capitis inferior action

A

rotation of face to same side

77
Q

blockage of what artery can cause light headedness or dizziness when turning head

A

vertebral artery (suboccipital triangle and transverse foramen)

78
Q

which muscles will be affected by injury to the suboccipital nerve between the vertebral artery and posterior arch of atlas?

A
  • rectus capitis posterior major
  • rectus capitis posterior minor
  • semispinalis capitis
  • obliquus capitis superior
  • obliquus capitis inferior
79
Q

which muscle is affected by pain and trouble straightening back up after bending forward?

A

iliocostalis lumborum

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