Vasculitis Flashcards
general presentation of vasculitis
myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis, fever >38, wt loss, malaise
what is ANCA and what are the names of the types
Ab expressed by endothelium against neutrophil granulocyte
types: cytoplasmic, perinuclear
what test is used to detect ANCA
immunofluorescence
what does ANCA stand for
anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic ab
what score is used to monitor vasculitis
Birmingham vasculitis score
causes of secondary causes of vasculitis
infection, drug, toxin, inflammatory disorder e.g. cancer
broad categories of vasculitis
large vessel
medium vessel
small vessel
types of large vessel vasculitis
Takayasu arteritis
Giant cell arteritis
difference in age of presentation for large vessel vasculitis
Takayasu arteritis: <40yrs
Giant cell arteritis: >50yrs
condition associated with large vessel vasculitis
polymyalgia rheumatica
age, gender and race that are risk factors for takayasu’s arteritis
japanese female aged 20 - 40
general presentation of takayasu’s arterities
dizzy, vision change, weak arm pulses, weight loss, aortic regurg, HTN/IHD
blood tests for takayasu’s arteritis
ESR, CRP
imaging for takayasu’s arteritis
MRI / PET CT
management of takayasu’s arteritis
prednisolone
examples of medium vessel vasculitis
kawasaki’s disease, polarteritis nodosa PAN
auto-antibody for kawasaki’s disease
vessels commonly affected by kawasaki’s disease
anti-endothelial ab
often coronary arteries
age group affected by kawasaki’s disease
mainly children
polyarteritis nodosa management
corticosteroids +- cyclophosphamide
“necrotizing lesions, aneurysm, segmental transmural inflam + fibrinoid necrosis” describes pathology of which disease
polyartitis nodosa PAN
categories of small vessel vasculitis
ANCA associated and immune complex
examples of immune complex mediated small vessel vasculitis
cryoglobulinaemia, HSP, SLE, Goodpasture’s
autoantibodies for GPA
cANCA, anti-PR3
pathology of GPA
granulomatosis, necrotizing glomerulonephritis, retinal thrombosis
male, resp tract ulcer, sinusitis, nasal crust, epistaxis, deaf, otitis media, saddle nose, haemoptysis, cough, purpura, cranial nerve palsy, conjunctivitis, proptosis, uveitis
Wegener’s GPA polyangitis
investigations for GPA
CXR, urinalysis (proteinurea), autoantibodies
examples of anca associated small vessel vasculitis
wegener’s GPA polyangitis
microscopic polyangitis MPA
churg strauss EGPA
autoantibodies for microscopic polyangitis mpa
pANCA, anti-MPO
microscopic polyangitis mpa pathology
necrotizing glomerulonephritis, no granulomas
what is pauci immune vasculitis
ANCA associated small vessel vasculitis
what is the difference between the presentation of GPA & EGPA
EGPA has later onset and asthma and no eye/ENT involvement
autoantibodies for EGPA
pANCA, anti-MPO
gender GPA more common in
males
what areas of the body are affected by PAN
at vessel bifurcation skin/gut/kidney, spares lung
what immune component is affected by Henoch-Schonlein purpura
IgA
age group affected by Henoch-Schonlein purpura
children, occasionally adults
predisposing factor sometimes present in HSP
strep URTI 1-3 weeks before
presentation of HSP
purpuric rash on feet / buttocks / extensor surfaces plus glumerulonephritis +- abdo pain
management of HSP
self limiting, supportive
