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Y2 MSK > Infections > Flashcards

Infections Flashcards

1
Q

which bones are most often affected by adult osteomyelitis

A

long bones

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2
Q

what is continuous osteomyelitis

A

adjacent site of infection

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3
Q

which organism is most common in osteomyelitis in children

A

haemophilus

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4
Q

risk factors for adult osteomyelitis

A

vascular insufficiency, chronic ulcer, diabetes, open fracture,sickle cell, Gaucher’s disease

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5
Q

which organism is most common in osteomyelitis in diabetic adults

A

polymicrobial

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6
Q

what is SAPHO/CRMO adult osteomyelitis

A

osteomyelitis in >1 site

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7
Q

type of osteomyelitis in PWID

A

contiguous or haematogenous

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8
Q

most common infecting organisms in adult osteomyelitis in PWID

A

staph, strep, pseudo, candida, corrodens, TB

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9
Q

most common infecting organism in adult myelitis in PWID who lick needles

A

corrodens

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10
Q

causes of haematogenous osteomyelitis

A

child, PWID, central line, dialysis, immunosuppressed, old

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11
Q

most common infecting organisms in haematogenous osteomyelitis

A

staph then strep

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12
Q

aetiology of vertebral osteomyelitis (spondylodiscitis)

A

PWID, IV, GU

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13
Q

investigations for vertebral osteomyelitis (spondylodiscitis)

A

normal WCC, get MRI, biopsy, abscess drainage

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14
Q

presentation of vertebral osteomyelitis (spondylodiscitis)

A

months back pain, only 50% fever

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15
Q

what is Potts disease

A

Skeletal TB

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16
Q

do patients with skeletal TB always have pulmonary TB

A

<1/2 pulmonary TB

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17
Q

area affects by skeletal TB

A

spans 2 vertebral bodies

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18
Q

presentation of skeletal TB

A

back pain, no systemic symptoms

19
Q

most common infecting organisms in osteomyelitis from infected arthroplasty

A

coag –ve staph

then s. aureus, propionibacterium acnes (upper limb contaminant)

20
Q

pathology of osteomyelitis from infected arthroplasty

A

microbe biofilm on joint

21
Q

investigations for osteomyelitis from infected arthroplasty

A

multiple perioperative tissue cultures + bloods + CRP + bone scan + XR

22
Q

antibiotic for coag -ve osteomyelitis from infected arthroplasty

A

vanco

23
Q

most common infecting organisms in septic arthritis

A

mainly s. aureus

then strep, neisseria gonorrhea, viral

24
Q

antibiotic for septic arthritis

A

flucloxacillin

25
Q

antibiotic for septic arthritis if under 5 y.o.

A

flucloxacillin + ceftriaxone

26
Q

pathology of chronic osteomyelitis

A

bone abscess surrounded by sequestrum (dead/dying bone) & involucrum (new bone)

27
Q

what is a brodie’s abscess

A

sclerotic margin with osteoclytic lesion, found in chronic osteomyelitis

28
Q

investigations for chronic osteomyelitis

A

+ve XR & MRI

+- +ve CRP

29
Q

what is osteitis pubis

A

osteomyelitis from urogynae procedure/ aseptic from surgery

30
Q

method of innoculation in osteomyelitis of clavicle

A

neck surgery, subclavian catheter

31
Q

1st investigation for osteomyelitis

A

CRP, PV

32
Q

investigation for direct confirmation of osteomyelitis

A

bone biopsy best for deep 7 day culture

33
Q

investigations for indirect conformation of osteomyelitis

A

MRI best

Less useful; WCC, ESR, XR, technetium scan, CT

34
Q

treatment of osteomyelitis

A

debridement, 6 wk fluclox, gram –ve;

35
Q

treatment of osteomyelitis if fluclox allergy

A

vancomycin, PO switch to doxy

36
Q

antibiotic for osteomyelitis if gram -ve infecting organism

A

gentamycin IV/ or doxycycline PO

37
Q

example of pyomyositis

A

tetanus

38
Q

tetanus pathology

A

spore, gram +ve anaerobic rod, neurotoxin

39
Q

tetanus presentation

A

spastic paralysis, lock jaw

40
Q

tetanus diagnosis

A

spore drumstick shape culture

41
Q

tetanus treatment

A

debride, antitoxin, support, booster vac, penicillin/ metron

42
Q

presentation of pyomyositis

A

severe pain, erythema, bullae

43
Q

infecting organisms in pyomyositis

A

bacterial 90% staph (PWID), viral (HIV, CMV, rabies), protozoa, fungal

Y2 MSK (20 decks)

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