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Y2 MSK > Connective Tissue Diseases > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

are all connective tissue diseases autoimmune

A

yes

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2
Q

gender more affected by lupus and why

A

women since increased estrogen

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3
Q

race more affected by lupus

A

asian

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4
Q

virus linked to lupus

A

epstein barr

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5
Q

most common age of lupus presentation

A

20 - 30

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6
Q

what type hypersensitivity is lupus

A

iii

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7
Q

systemic symptoms in lupus

A

malaise, weight loss, fatigue, fever

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8
Q

dermatological symptoms of lupus

A

malar butterfly rash, photosensitivity, non-scarring alopecia, discoid lupus

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9
Q

cardiovascular symptoms of lupus

A

> PE and MI risk

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10
Q

serositis due to lupus can present as what

A

pericarditis, pleurisy, pleural effusion

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11
Q

rheumatological symptoms of lupus

A

synovitis, polyarthritis

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12
Q

what is the distribution of arthritis in lupus

A

same as RA

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13
Q

1st investigation for lupus

A

urinalysis

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14
Q

imaging for lupus

A

CXR, CT chest, MRI brain

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15
Q

blood tests for lupus

A

FBC, U&E, complement, autoantibodies

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16
Q

what autoantibodies are found in lupus

A 
ANA
anti-dsDNA
anti-Sm
antiphospholipid
RNP
anti-Ro
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17
Q

which autoantibody is specific to lupus

A

anti-Sm (however low sensitivity)

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18
Q

medications for all lupus patients

A

hydroxychloroquine + analgesia

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19
Q

side effect of hydroxychloroquine

A

retinopathy

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20
Q

management of skin disease in lupus

A

TOP CCS

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21
Q

management of arthritis in lupus

A

PO CCS, azathioprine / methotrexate

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22
Q

management of severe lupus (kidney or CNS involvement)

A

IV CCS, cyclophosphamide

23
Q

last line management of lupus

A

IV immunoglobulin, rituximab

24
Q

what is used to monitor lupus that positively correlates with disease activity

A

anti-dsDNA

25
Q

what is used to monitor lupus that negatively correlates with disease activity

A

complement C3 / C4

26
Q

red flag for antiphospholipid syndrome

A

recurrent miscarriage

27
Q

pathology of antiphospholipid syndrome

A

recurrent venous and arteriol thrombosis

28
Q

gender thats a risk factor for antiphospholipid syndrome

A

women

29
Q

what sign is seen on the skin in antiphospholipid syndrome

A

livedo reticularis

30
Q

autoantibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome

A

anti-cardiolipid Ab
lupus anticoagulant
anti-beta 2 glycoprotein

31
Q

management of antiphospholipid syndrome

A

lifelong anticoagulant warfarin

32
Q

conditions associated with sjogren’s syndrome

A

RA, SLE, Raynaud’s

33
Q

pathology of sjogren’s syndrome

A

lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands

34
Q

ages that are risk factors for sjogren’s syndrome

A

40 - 60

35
Q

gender thats a risk factor for sjogren’s syndrome

A

female

36
Q

general presentation of sjogren’s syndrome

A

arthralgia, dry mouth/eye/skin/vagina (sicca)

37
Q

which specific organs can sometimes be affected by sjogren’s syndrome

A

lung, kidney, liver

38
Q

investigations for sjogren’s syndrome

A

schirmer’s test, autoantibodies, salivary gland biopsy

39
Q

what does schirmer’s test measure

A

tear production

40
Q

what autoantibodies are found in sjogren’s syndrome

A

anti-ro
anti-la
ANA

41
Q

what is the name of the limited (cutaneous) form of systemic sclerosis

A

CREST syndrome

42
Q

what does CREST stand for in CREST syndrome

A 
calcinosis
raynaud's
eosphageal dysmotility
schlerodactyly
telangiectasia
43
Q

what autoantibodies are present in the limited form of systemic slerosis (CREST syndrome)

A

anti-centromere

ANA

44
Q

what gender is more commonly affected by systemic slerosis

A

women

45
Q

what ages are risk factors for systemic sclerosis

A

middle age

46
Q

how does the presentation of the limited and diffuse form of systemic sclerosis differ

A

limited: only cutaneous in peripheral limbs.
diffuse: cutaneous over whole body, rapid onset, can affect lung, heart, kidney, pancreas

47
Q

what autoantibodies are found in diffuse type systemic sclerosis

A

anti-Scl-70

ANA

48
Q

maangement of raynaud’s disease

A

CCB

49
Q

management of renal disease in diffuse systemic sclerosis

A

ACEI

50
Q

management of pulmonary disease in diffuse systemic sclerosis

A

cyclophosphamide, prednisolone

51
Q

what is mixed connective tissue disease

A

mixed features of systemic sclerosis, lupus and polymyositis

52
Q

autoantibodies in mixed connective tissue disease

A

anti-U1-RNP

ANA

53
Q

managment of sjogrens syndrome

A

eyedrop, saliva replacement, hydroxychloroquine, pilocarpine

54
Q

drug for sjogren’s syndrome if organ involvement

A

DMARD

Y2 MSK (20 decks)

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