Valvular Disorders Flashcards
Name the 4 valves.
Tricuspid (Right atria to Right ventricle)
Pulmonary (Right ventricle to pulmonary circulation)
Mitral (Left atria to left ventricle)
Aortic (left ventricle to aorta)
What are 2 functions of the valves.
Allow blood to flow forward
Prevent backward blood flow
T or F: All 4 valves are 3 cusped?
False:
all have 3 cusps except the mitral valve
Valve ________ is a narrowing of the valve.
Stenosis is a narrowing of the valve
__________ occurs when the valve has trouble closing. What happens to the blood when this occurs?
Regurgitation
Blood will flow backwards when this occurs
Which test gives you good information about the valve morphology, LV function, atrial and ventricular chamber size and overall function?
Echo
What does TEE stand for?
Transesophageal echocardiogram
According to the ACC/AHA classification guidelines: what stage is a patient in when they become symptomatic?
Stage D
Stage A - pt is at risk for valve diease
Stage B - pt is asymptomatic but has mild to moderate disaese
Stage C - C1 normal LV function C2 - abnormal LV function
T or false: Aortic stenosis is not very common.
False. Aortic Stenosis is very common
What is the most common cause of LV outflow obstruction?
Aortic Stenosis
What are the 3 primary causes of Aortic Stenosis?
Congenital abnormality (bicuspid valve)
Calcifications (often from aging)
Rhematic Valve disease
What is the classic triad of symptoms with aortic stenosis?
Dsypnea (DOE)
Syncope / exertional dizziness
Angina
What is the most common symptom with aortic stenosis?
Dyspnea
Patients with aortic stenosis are usually asymptomatic for a long time. What useless numbers will the cardiologist give you that tells you the patient has severe stenosis?
Valve area <1.0 cm2 (squared, no idea how to superscript in here!!!!)
Aortic velocity >or= to 4.0 m/s
Mean transvalvular gradient >or= to 40mm/hg
