medication side effects (cardiology) Flashcards
Thiazide Diuretics
Hyponatremia, hyperuricemia, ↑glucose, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, ↑cholesterol
ACEI
*Pts w/: CKD, DM, HF w/ ↓EF, post-MI
Hyperkalemia, angioedema, dry cough, ARF
ARB
Hyperkalemia, cough and angioedema less common than ACEI
CCB:
Dihydropyridine
HA, peripheral edema, dizziness, flushing, pulm edema
CCB: Non-dihydropyridine
Constipation, bradycardia, HA, edema
Beta-blockers
*Post-MI, HF, a-fib
↑airway resistance, PAD exac., fatigue hypoglycemia, sexual dysfunction, ↓lipid metabolism, weight gain, hyperkalemia (slight), ↓HR, AV block
Alpha-blockers
*Older men w/ BPH & HTN
Dizziness, orthostatic hypotension, myasthenia, HA
A2 adrenergic agonist
*oral tab or patch
Dizziness, drowsiness, HA, fatigue, skin rash, bradycardia
Vasodilators
Dizziness, HA, reflex tachycardia, palpitations, GI issues, fluid retention, lupus-like syndrome, anxiety, flushing
Aldosterone Antagonists
*Resistant HTN, HF w/ ↓EF, cirrhosis
Hyperkalemia, gynecomastia, somnolence, dizziness, dehydration
Loop Diuretic
*not a good primary HTN med, best for edema
Hypokalemia, ↑BUN/Cr, hypomagnesemia, dizziness, hypotension, ototoxicity, hypo/hypernatremia
ARNI
Hyperkalemia, hypotension, dizziness
Positive Inotrope
*↑contractility
Arrythmias, visual disturbances, n/v, anorexia
- Dig toxicity*
- Levels increased by amiodarone, quinidine, verapamil
Statins
Increased liver enzymes
Myositis
Myalgias
Myopathy
rhabdomyolosis
Antilipemic
Must monitor LFTs
Cholelithiasis
Bile acid sequestrants
Can initially increase VLDL- but will lower in about 4 weeks
Constipation, GI irritation, GI bleeding, Cholelithiasis, liver function test changes, myalgias, dizzinessm vertigo, anxiety
Nicotinic acid
Cutaneous flushing, can take aspirin
GI disturbance
Must monitor liver fxn, uric acid levels, and glucose levels
Fibric Acid Derivatives
Cholelithiasis, GI disturbance, myalgias, liver enzyme abnormalities
