Neuro-Schoenwald (Exam 2)

Question 1

What is the most common cause of meningitis?

a. pseudomonas
b. candida
c. strep pneumo
d. H. Influenza

Answer 1

c. strep pneumo

Question 2

Meningitis can cause what type of rash?

Answer 2

petechial

Question 3

True or false? There are vaccines for meningitis

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

Which of the common causes of meningitis has the highest mortality?

Answer 4

Strep Pneumo

Question 5

Infants (preterm to less than 1 month) are most likely to get meningitis from which two bacterias?

Answer 5

Group B strep or E. Coli

Question 6

Individuals from age 1 month to 50 years are likely to get meningitis from which 3 sources? (bacterias)

Answer 6

-Strep pneumoniae
– Neisseria meningitidis (more common in teen-young adult population)
– Haemophilus influenza (most common in 2-4 yr olds)

Question 7

Older individuals (greater than 50 yrs) are more likely to get meningitis from _______ or _________.

Answer 7

-Strep pneumo

– Listeria monocytogenes

Question 8

Which 2 meningeal-causing bacterias would require droplet and contact precautions?

Answer 8

H. Influenza

Neisseria Meningitides

Question 9

There are __ strains of Neisseria Meningitides.

Answer 9

4 (A,B,C,Y)

Question 10

The prophylaxis for contacts of pt’s with Neisseria Meningitis would be ___________, while the prophylaxis of contacts of pt’s with H. Influenza meningitis would be ____________.

Answer 10

Cipro for Neisseria

Rifampin for H. Flu

Question 11

True or False. Though meningitis caused by Strep Pneumo has a high mortality rate, it is less communicable from person to person.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Listeria Monocytogenes can be obtained from all of the following EXCEPT:

a. cantaloupe
b. cheese
c. bats
d. milk

Answer 12

c. bats

It is a food bourne illness and is more easily acquired by pregnant women, elderly or pts with comorbidities.

Question 13

Which antibiotic can be used to treat Listeria Monocytogenes?

a. penicillin
b. ampicillin
c. cipro
d. doxycycline

Answer 13

B. AMPICILLIN ONLY

Question 14

___________ meningitis would have a viral etiology

Answer 14

Aseptic

Question 15

The CSF of a pt with viral meningitis would have _________(low/elevated/normal) protein, ________ ((low/elevated/normal) levels of glucose and ___________ (low/elevated/normal) lymphocytes.

Answer 15

VIRAL
protein-normal (to slightly elevated)
glucose- normal
lymphocytes- slightly elevated

Question 16

True or false? Viral meningitis is less likely to be life threatening.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

_________ ___________ can be a unique finding of pt’s with West Nile Virus

Answer 17

Flaccid paralysis

Question 18

Which antibiotic would you use to treat a pt with Strep Pneumo (gram positive)?

Answer 18

Vancomycin

Question 19

Which antibiotic would you use to treat meningitis from Neisseria as well as H. Influenza?

Answer 19

Ceftriaxone (crosses blood brain barrier)

Question 20

____________ is caused by the accidental ingestion of Taenia solium eggs (pork tapeworm).

Answer 20

Neurocystercircosis

Question 21

What is the most common first symptom of Neurocystercircosis?

Answer 21

New Onset Seizure
also may have:
– Headache
– Gait disturbance
– dizziness

Question 22

How would you treat an active case of neurocystercircosis?

Answer 22

albendazole

Question 23

If CSF was turbid/cloudy in appearance, what would that indicate?

Answer 23

could indicate increased WBC or

protein

Question 24

True or false? Red or yellow (xanthormatic) CSF can mean the presence of blood.

Answer 24

True.
Blood the whole time usually is accurate indication for presence of blood in CSF. If no blood initally, but develops after a few tubes, is likely blood from the actual puncture.
Yellow can also mean presence of blood.

Question 25

Gram _______ (positive/negative) bacterias contain lipopolysaccharide in cell wall is potent inducer of cytokines (esp tumor necrosing factor) and are associated with fever and septic shock. Whats an example?

Answer 25

NEGATIVE

H. Influenza

Question 26

Staphs are gram _______ (positive/negative).

Answer 26

POSITIVE

Question 27

____________ _________ is a type of CSF test that is present in 90-95% of pt’s with Multiple Sclerosis.

Answer 27

Oligoclonal banding

but is not specific for MS

Question 28

Group A Strep is a common bacterial cause of ___________

Answer 28

Pharyngitis