Neuro-Schoenwald (Exam 2) Flashcards
What is the most common cause of meningitis?
a. pseudomonas
b. candida
c. strep pneumo
d. H. Influenza
c. strep pneumo
Meningitis can cause what type of rash?
petechial
True or false? There are vaccines for meningitis
TRUE
Which of the common causes of meningitis has the highest mortality?
Strep Pneumo
Infants (preterm to less than 1 month) are most likely to get meningitis from which two bacterias?
Group B strep or E. Coli
Individuals from age 1 month to 50 years are likely to get meningitis from which 3 sources? (bacterias)
-Strep pneumoniae
– Neisseria meningitidis (more common in teen-young adult population)
– Haemophilus influenza (most common in 2-4 yr olds)
Older individuals (greater than 50 yrs) are more likely to get meningitis from _______ or _________.
-Strep pneumo
– Listeria monocytogenes
Which 2 meningeal-causing bacterias would require droplet and contact precautions?
H. Influenza
Neisseria Meningitides
There are __ strains of Neisseria Meningitides.
4 (A,B,C,Y)
The prophylaxis for contacts of pt’s with Neisseria Meningitis would be ___________, while the prophylaxis of contacts of pt’s with H. Influenza meningitis would be ____________.
Cipro for Neisseria
Rifampin for H. Flu
True or False. Though meningitis caused by Strep Pneumo has a high mortality rate, it is less communicable from person to person.
True
Listeria Monocytogenes can be obtained from all of the following EXCEPT:
a. cantaloupe
b. cheese
c. bats
d. milk
c. bats
It is a food bourne illness and is more easily acquired by pregnant women, elderly or pts with comorbidities.
Which antibiotic can be used to treat Listeria Monocytogenes?
a. penicillin
b. ampicillin
c. cipro
d. doxycycline
B. AMPICILLIN ONLY
___________ meningitis would have a viral etiology
Aseptic
The CSF of a pt with viral meningitis would have _________(low/elevated/normal) protein, ________ ((low/elevated/normal) levels of glucose and ___________ (low/elevated/normal) lymphocytes.
VIRAL
protein-normal (to slightly elevated)
glucose- normal
lymphocytes- slightly elevated
True or false? Viral meningitis is less likely to be life threatening.
TRUE
_________ ___________ can be a unique finding of pt’s with West Nile Virus
Flaccid paralysis
Which antibiotic would you use to treat a pt with Strep Pneumo (gram positive)?
Vancomycin
Which antibiotic would you use to treat meningitis from Neisseria as well as H. Influenza?
Ceftriaxone (crosses blood brain barrier)
____________ is caused by the accidental ingestion of Taenia solium eggs (pork tapeworm).
Neurocystercircosis
What is the most common first symptom of Neurocystercircosis?
New Onset Seizure also may have: – Headache – Gait disturbance – dizziness
How would you treat an active case of neurocystercircosis?
albendazole
If CSF was turbid/cloudy in appearance, what would that indicate?
could indicate increased WBC or
protein
True or false? Red or yellow (xanthormatic) CSF can mean the presence of blood.
True.
Blood the whole time usually is accurate indication for presence of blood in CSF. If no blood initally, but develops after a few tubes, is likely blood from the actual puncture.
Yellow can also mean presence of blood.
Gram _______ (positive/negative) bacterias contain lipopolysaccharide in cell wall is potent inducer of cytokines (esp tumor necrosing factor) and are associated with fever and septic shock. Whats an example?
NEGATIVE
H. Influenza
Staphs are gram _______ (positive/negative).
POSITIVE
____________ _________ is a type of CSF test that is present in 90-95% of pt’s with Multiple Sclerosis.
Oligoclonal banding
but is not specific for MS
Group A Strep is a common bacterial cause of ___________
Pharyngitis
