Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RRCCPA Clinical Medicine I > Skin Infections- Schoenwald > Flashcards

Skin Infections- Schoenwald Flashcards

1
Q

What organism is involved in Folliculitis?

A

Staph>step

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the tx for folloculitis?

A

Warm compress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What should be avoided in folliculutis?

A

Systemic abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What areas are involved in a furuncle?

A

Entire hair follicle + surrounding soft tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What organism is involved in a furuncle?

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the tx for a furuncle?

A
  • I & D + warm compresses
  • Trimethoprim/Sulfa (Bactrim)
  • Doxy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What organism is involved in a carbuncle?

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is tx for a carbuncle?

A
  • I & D + systemic abx
  • Cefalexin
  • Trimetoprim/Sulfa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the f/u for a carbuncle?

A
  • 2-3 days then weekly or f/u with PCP 1-3 days after initiating tx
  • If lesion is packed, need to come in frequently to change packing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What organism is involved with erysipelas?

A

B hemolytic strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does erysipelas present on the skin?

A
  • Erythema, classically shiny, well demarcated
  • Typically on the face/cheek
  • Associated with fever, chills
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the tx for erysipelas?

A
  • Trimethoprim/Sulfa
  • Vanco
  • Pen VK
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What layers of skin are involved in cellulitis?

A
  • epidermis
  • dermis
  • subcutaneous (connective) tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where on the body does cellulitis typically present?

A

Lower leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What organism is involved in cellulitis?

A

-Gram + cocci

Staph & strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the mc portal of entry of organisms in cellulitis?

A

Toe fissures or tinea pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What abx are good empiric choices for cellulitis in the outpatient setting?

A
  1. Doxycycline

2. Trimeth/Sulfa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the outpatient f/u for cellulitis?

A

Few days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What abx are given to the patient if he/she is hospitalized from cellulitis?

A
  • Vanco

- Ceftaroline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When is hospitalization advised for a patient with cellulitis?

A

When there is red streaking and spreading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are 6 common antibiotic choices for cellulitis?

A
  1. Penicillins
  2. B lactam inhibitors (amox/clav)
  3. Cephalosporins (Ceftaroline)
  4. Sulfa (trimeth/sulfa)
  5. Tetracyclines
  6. Vancomycin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis quickly and progressively destroys subcutaneous fascia/fat but _______ ___________

A

spares muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What organism is usually involved with necrotizing fasciitis?

A

Group A strep (M protein) but can be S. aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the tx for necrotizing fasciitis

A

Emergent surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is fournier’s gangrene?

A

Rapidly progressing cellulitis/gangrene of penis and scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Are there typically many initial symptoms of fournier’s gangrene?

A

No- insidious onset with itching and discomfort (perianal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Why does pain subside in fournier’s gangrene?

A

Due to necrosis of nerve tissue during progression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What organisms are involved in fournier’s gangrene?

A

polymicrobial with high likelihood of anaerobic organisms (from GI)

29
Q

What is the tx for fournier’s gangrene?

A

-Surgery
-Broad spectrum abx
(vanco, piperacillin/tazo, metronidazole)

30
Q

What organism is associated with gas gangrene?

A

Clostridium perferingens

31
Q

What layers of tissue are involved in gas gangrene?

A

Subcutaneous fascia, fat, muscle

32
Q

How can we distinguish necrotizing fasciitis from gas gangrene?

A

NF spares muscle whereas gas gangrene destroys muscle

33
Q

What is the cause of gas gangrene?

A

Traumatic wounds/perforation of bowel

34
Q

When and where was the first MRSA case identified?

A

1965 Boston City Hospital

35
Q

What are the bacterial surface components of S. aureus (4) that make it more aggressive

A
  • Capsular polysaccharide
  • Protein A
  • Clumping factor
  • Fibronectin binding protein
36
Q

Name 5 extracellular proteins of S. aureus that make it more aggressive

A
  • Coagulase
  • Hemolysins
  • Enterotoxins
  • Toxic-shock syndrome (TSS) toxin
  • Exfoliatins
  • Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)*
37
Q

What gene does MRSA have that makes it resistant to methicillin

A

mecA

38
Q

What is the marker drug for methicillin resistance?

A

oxacillin

39
Q

What are 5 risk factors for MRSA?

A
  1. Previous hospital stay
  2. Prolonged length of stay prior to infection
  3. Surgical procedure(s)
  4. Enteral feeding- tube fed
  5. Prior antibiotic use
40
Q

What abx are RF for MRSA?

A
  1. 3rd gen Cephalosporins (Cephtriaxone)
  2. Fluroquinolones (cipro, levo)
  3. Vanco
41
Q

What is an important toxin in MRSA?

A

PVL (Panton-Valentine leukocidin)

42
Q

What could a patient say that may make you think the person has MRSA?

A

“I have a spider-bite”

43
Q

Name 4 traditional treatment options for MRSA

A
  1. Vanco
  2. Trimeth/Sulfa
  3. Tetracyclines
  4. Clindamycin
44
Q

Strains carrying what gene can be induced to become clindamycin resistant?

A

erm

45
Q

What does a D-test check

A

D-test: if erythromycin is resistant and clindamycin susceptible then do D-test check to determine if clind is resistant or not

46
Q

Should you attempt to decolonize all patients with MRSA?

A

No- just those likely to benefit (healthcare workers)

47
Q

How would you treat MRSA intranasally?

A

Topical intranasal mupirocin for 5 days (not more)

48
Q

What are two characteristics of diabetic foot?

A
  • Polymicrobial infection

- Anaerobes highly likely

49
Q

What organism is most likely to cause hot tub folliculutis?

A

Pseudomonas

50
Q

What is the outpatient tx of hot tub folliculitis?

A

Cipro & antihistimines

51
Q

What do you do for a patient that has a dog bite?

A
  1. Irrigation
  2. Does the dog have a rabies vaccination?
  3. Human rabies immunization
  4. Tetanus status?
  5. Possible abx (depending on the situation- most do)
52
Q

What abx would you use for a dog bite?

A
  • Augmentin

- Ampicillin/Sulbactim

53
Q

What organism is associated with dog & cat bites?

A

-Pasteurella multocida

54
Q

What organism is associated with cat scratch fever?

A

Bartonella

55
Q

What is the treatment for cat scratch fever?

A

Doxy

56
Q

What organism is associated with mice & rat bite fever?

A

Streptobacillus

57
Q

What is the tx for mice & rat bite fever?

A

Amov/clav

58
Q

What organism is associated with human bites?

A

Eikenella corrodens

59
Q

What is the treatment for human bites?

A

Amox/clav

60
Q

What is the tx for yeast cellulitis?

A
  • Fluconazole

- Nystatin powder (want to use something dry because yeast love moist, warm, environments)

61
Q

What virus strain is responsible for measles?

A

Paramyxoviridae

62
Q

What are the “three C’s” symptoms of measles?

A

Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis

63
Q

What is the treatment for measles?

A

Vaccine

64
Q

Does herpes usually cross the midline?

A

No it presents as vesicular dermatomal lesions that do not cross the midline (unless it disseminates)

65
Q

What is the treatment for shingles?

A
  • Antivirals started within 1st 72 hours of onset of vesicles/prodrome
  • Acyclovir, famcyclovir, valacyclovir are options
66
Q

Is Shingrex or Zostavax the more preferable vaccine for shingles?

A
  • Shingrex- series starting at age 50

- Zostavax is going off the market

67
Q

What is pathopneumonic for measles?

A

Koplik spots

68
Q

What type of rash happens in measles?

A

Maculopapular

RRCCPA Clinical Medicine I (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions