Vaccines & Viral Infections

Question 1

passive immunisation is conferred by giving a person

Answer 1

antibodies

Question 2

with passive immunisation, protection is usually … as the persons’ … is not involved

Answer 2

short-lived

immune system

Question 3

In active immunisation, what inititates the persons own defence to mount a response

Answer 3

vaccine

Question 4

acitve immunity may last for …. , but … may be required

Answer 4

life

boosters

Question 5

whole cell vaccines include

Answer 5

the whole of the bacterium or virus

Question 6

subunit vaccine have been developed that contain

Answer 6

part of the organism that is known to trigger and immune response

Question 7

toxoids are ….

Answer 7

subunit vaccines

Question 8

in life-attenuated vaccines, the bacterium or virus is still viable but it is

Answer 8

weakend

Question 9

some life-attenuated viruses can regain their

Answer 9

virulence

Question 10

inactivated vaccines contain

Answer 10

viruses or bacteria that have been exposed to denaturing agent such as formaldehyde

Question 11

in general which sort of vaccines give longer lasting immunity

Answer 11

Live vaccines

Question 12

4 methods of delivering a vaccine:

Answer 12

injection
oral
intranasal
in food

Question 13

Why vaccinate? (3)

Answer 13

disease had serious potential outcomes
where disease is common
where no other treamtent is available or less optimal

Question 14

vaccination is cheaper than …. and … of same disease

Answer 14

diagnosis

treatment

Question 15

vaccination breaks the … cycle

Answer 15

transmission

Question 16

2 targeted childhood vaccinations

Answer 16

TB

Hep B

Question 17

what is targeted vaccinations

Answer 17

protecting those at higher risk

Question 18

Herd immunity

Answer 18

a form of vaccination that occurs when a significant enough number of the population is vaccinated to provide a measure of protection to those in the population who havent been vaccinated

Question 19

risks of vaccination

Answer 19

pain at injection site
fever and fatigue following vaccination
occasional rashes
anaphalyctic shock (passive immunisation)

Question 20

vaccine production methods (4)

Answer 20

cultivation (numbers up)
purification (isolate what we want)
inactivation (if necessary)
fractionation (produce subunits for vaccination)